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Over-Expression of Alpha-Enolase as a Prognostic Biomarker in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer.

ABSTRACT: Background: Alpha-enolase is an important glycolytic enzyme, and its aberrant expression has been associated with multiple tumor progression. However, few studies investigated the expression of alpha-enolase and its clinical significance in pancreatic cancer (PC). Objectives: To evaluate alpha-enolase level in PC tissues by immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis, and investigate the association of alpha-enolase expression with clinicopathologic features. Methods: The alpha-enolase levels in pancreatic cancer tissues were analyzed by using the Oncomine database. The expression of alpha-enolase, Ki67 and p53 in pancreatic cancer and adjacent normal tissues were evaluated by IHC using the corresponding primary antibodies on the commercial tissue arrays. We also examined their association with clinicopathologic parameters, and explored their prognostic value in PC. Results: We identified an elevation of alpha-enolase mRNA level in pancreatic cancer independent datasets from Oncomine. IHC analysis showed that alpha-enolase protein levels were elevated in 47% (n=100) PC tissue samples, but there was weak or no staining in the normal tissues. Statistical analysis revealed that high levels of alpha-enolase were significantly associated with Stage and Lymph node metastasis. Correlation analysis indicated that over-expression of alpha-enolase was positively associated with Ki67 expression and inversely correlated with p53 expression. Furthermore, membranous expression of alpha-enolase was also observed in 29.8% (14/47) total alpha-enolase positive samples, and was significantly associated with Lymph node metastasis. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated that high total alpha-enolase expression was significantly associated with unfavorable survival, while membranous alpha-enolase expression was significantly associated with better survival of PC patients. Multivariate Cox analysis demonstrated that total alpha-enolase expression was an independent prognostic factor for PC patients. Conclusions: Our results suggested that alpha-enolase level was significantly elevated in pancreatic cancer tissues, which was closely associated with PC progression. It might be a candidate target for targeted pancreatic cancer treatments.

SUBMITTER: Sun L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5562116 | biostudies-other | 2017

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Project description:BackgroundWe recently demonstrated the increased abundance of anti-trophoblast antibodies (ATAB) in sera of patients with unexplained recurrent miscarriages (uRM). Further, the ATAB-positive sera bound to JEG-3 human choriocarcinoma cells in vitro, resulting in decreased productions of β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) and progesterone in these cells. However, the specific antigenic epitopes of ATAB have remained unknown. Therefore, it was the aim of this study to determine specific targets of ATAB in uRM patients.MethodsPotential targets of ATAB were analyzed by 2-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) and mass spectrometry, and thereby identifying α-Enolase (ENO1). ATAB targeting of ENO1 was further confirmed in a competitive binding assay. Levels of anti-ENO1 antibodies as well as β-hCG and progesterone were quantified with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Additionally, expression of ENO1 was analyzed in first trimester placentas by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence analysis.FindingsWe here identified ENO1 as a prominent target of ATAB. Serum levels of anti-ENO1 antibodies were increased in ATAB-positive compared to ATAB-negative patients. Further, increased expression of ENO1 and its co-expression with β-arrestin was found in the extra villous trophoblasts of uRM patients in first trimester placentas. In vitro, anti-ENO1 antibodies decreased the secretion of β-hCG and progesterone in JEG-3 and primary human villous trophoblast cells.InterpretationSerum anti-ENO1 antibodies might be an autoimmune biomarker for uRM. Targeting the formation of anti-ENO1 antibodies or inhibition of ENO1 expression could potentially represent therapeutic strategies for these patients. FUND: All authors declare no conflict of interest. Yao Ye was supported by the China Scholarship Council. Hellen Ishikawa-Ankerhold and Christian Schulz were supported by the SFB914, projects Z01 and A10. None of the rest authors has any conflict of interest to declare.

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Over-Expression of Alpha-Enolase as a Prognostic Biomarker in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer.

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