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Blood homocysteine levels could predict major adverse cardiac events in patients with acute coronary syndrome: A STROBE-compliant observational study.

ABSTRACT: The Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) risk score independently predicts major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). This study aims to evaluate whether the level of plasma homocysteine in addition to the GRACE score enhances the predictive value for MACEs in patients with acute coronary syndrome.A total of 361 patients with ACS evaluated at our hospital were included in the study and tested for blood homocysteine levels. We recorded 40 (11.1%) instances of MACE during a median follow-up of 43.3 months (quartile 40.6-44.4 months), including 29 cases (8.0%) of all-cause death and 11 cases (3.1%) of nonfatal myocardial infarction.The GRACE score was significantly associated with homocysteine levels, and multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that both the GRACE risk score and homocysteine content were independent predictors of MACEs (HR 2.63; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.54 to 4.49; P?

SUBMITTER: Liu J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6200518 | biostudies-other | 2018 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Blood homocysteine levels could predict major adverse cardiac events in patients with acute coronary syndrome: A STROBE-compliant observational study.

Liu Jianlin J Quan Jianjun J Li Yanzi Y Wu Yue Y Yang Lin L

Medicine 20181001 40

The Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) risk score independently predicts major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). This study aims to evaluate whether the level of plasma homocysteine in addition to the GRACE score enhances the predictive value for MACEs in patients with acute coronary syndrome.A total of 361 patients with ACS evaluated at our hospital were included in the study and tested for blood homocysteine levels. We recorded 40 (11. ...[more]

PMID: 30290636

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Project description:Bleeding complications of acute coronary syndromes (ACS) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are strongly associated with adverse patient outcomes, and gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) is the most common major bleeding event, especially in the early post-PCI period. Current guidelines recommend routinely conducting bleeding risk assessments. The existing tools are mainly used to evaluate the overall bleeding risk and guide the adjustment of antithrombotic strategies after 1 year. However, there are no specific tools for GIB risk assessment.Between January 2015 and June 2015, 4943 ACS patients underwent PCI were consecutively enrolled in the derivation cohort. GIB, cardiovascular, and cerebrovascular events were recorded within 1 year of follow-up. A validation cohort including 1000 patients who met the same inclusion and exclusion criteria was also established by propensity-score matching baseline characteristics. Multivariable cox proportional-hazards regression model was used to derive a risk-scoring system, and predictive variables were selected. A risk score nomogram based on the risk prediction model was created to estimate the 1-year risk of GIB.In this study, we found that the usage of clopidogrel (hazard ratio, HR: 2.52, 95% confidence intervals, CI: 1.573-4.021) and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors (HR: 1.863, 95% CI: 1.226-2.829), history of peptic ulcers (HR: 3.601, 95% CI: 1.226-2.829) or tumor (HR: 4.884, 95% CI: 1.226-2.829), and cardiac insufficiency (HR: 11.513, 95% CI: 7.282-18.202), renal insufficiency (HR: 2.010, 95% CI: 1.350-2.993), and prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (HR: 4.639, 95% CI: 2.146-10.032) were independent risk factors for GIB 1 year after PCI. Based on these 7 factors, a nomogram and scoring system was established. The area under curve of risk score was 0.824 in the deviation cohort and 0.810 in the verification cohort. In both cohorts, the GIB score was significantly better than that of 3 classical bleeding scores (all P?<?.05).This score could well predict the risk of GIB within 1 year after PCI and could be used to guide antithrombotic strategies.

Project description:Background The Healthy Aging Index (HAI) has been regarded as useful in capturing the health status of multiple organ systems. However, to what extent the HAI is associated with major cardiovascular events remains largely unknown. The authors constructed a modified HAI (mHAI) to quantify the association of physiological aging with major vascular events and explored how the effects of a healthy lifestyle can modify this association. Methods and Results The participants with either missing values of any individual mHAI component or major illnesses such as heart attack, angina and stroke, and self-reported cancer at baseline were excluded. The mHAI components include systolic blood pressure, reaction time, forced vital capacity, serum cystatin c, and serum glucose. The authors used Cox proportional hazard models to quantify the association of mHAI with major adverse cardiac events, major coronary events, and ischemic heart disease. Cumulative incidence at 5 and 10 years was estimated, and joint analyses were stratified by age group and 4 mHAI categories. The mHAI was significantly correlated with major cardiovascular events, which is a better reflection of the aging level of the body than chronological age. An mHAI was calculated in 338 044 participants aged 38 to 73 years in the UK Biobank. Each point increase in the mHAI was associated with a 44% higher risk of major adverse cardiac events (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.44 [95% CI, 1.40-1.49]), 44% higher risk of major coronary events (aHR, 1.44 [95% CI, 1.40-1.48]), and 36% higher risk of ischemic heart disease (aHR, 1.36 [95% CI, 1.33-1.39]). The percentage of population-attribution risk was 51% (95% CI, 47-55) for major adverse cardiac events, 49% (95% CI, 45-53) for major coronary events, and 47% (95% CI, 44-50) for ischemic heart disease, which means that a substantial portion of these events could be prevented. Systolic blood pressure was the factor most significantly associated with major adverse cardiac events (aHR, 1.94 [95% CI, 1.82-2.08]; percentage of population-attribution risk, 36%), major coronary events (aHR, 2.01 [95% CI, 1.85-2.17]; percentage of population-attribution risk, 38%), and ischemic heart disease (aHR, 1.80 [95% CI, 1.71-1.89]; percentage of population-attribution risk, 32%). A healthy lifestyle significantly attenuated mHAI associations with incidence of vascular events. Conclusions Our findings indicate that higher mHAI is associated with increased major vascular events. A healthy lifestyle may attenuate these associations.

Project description:AbstractDespite the dramatic advancement of cancer chemotherapy and immunotherapy, the insufficient progress has been made in basic or translational research on personalization of opioid therapy. Predicting the effectiveness of opioid analgesic therapy and the risk of adverse effects prior to therapy are expected to enable safer and more appropriate opioid therapy for cancer patients. In this study, we compared the incidence of opioid-induced adverse effects between patients with different variants of the genes related to responsiveness to opioid analgesics.Participants were 88 patients with lung cancer who provided general consent for exome sequencing and were treated with morphine or oxycodone at Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital between April 2014 and August 2018. Incidence rates for 6 adverse effects of opioid therapy (somnolence, nausea, constipation, delirium, urinary retention, and pruritus) were determined and the influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms in coding regions of the opioid μ receptor 1 (OPRM1) (rs1799971), opioid δ receptor 1 (rs2234918), opioid κ receptor 1 (rs1051660), catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) (rs4680), dopamine receptor D2 (rs6275), adenosine triphosphate binding cassette B1 (rs1045642), G-protein regulated inward rectifier potassium channel 2 (rs2070995), and fatty acid amide hydrolase (rs324420) genes on those adverse effects were analyzed.Analysis of OPRM1 gene variant status (Asn133Asp A > G) showed that G/G homozygotes were at significantly lower risk of somnolence compared with A allele carriers (0% vs 28.4%; Fisher exact test, P = .005; OR, 0; 95% CI, 0-0.6), and analysis of COMT gene variant status (Val158Met, G > A) showed that G/G homozygotes were at significantly higher risk of somnolence compared with A allele carriers (35.0% vs 10.4%; Fisher exact test, P = .008; OR, 4.5; 95% CI, 1.4-18.1). No relationship between variant status and adverse effects was found for the other genes.These findings demonstrate that OPRM1 and COMT gene variants influence the risk of somnolence as an adverse effect of opioid analgesic therapy.

Project description:BackgroundWhether early fluid accumulation is a risk factor for adverse renal outcomes in septic intensive care unit (ICU) patients remains uncertain. We assessed the association between cumulative fluid balance and major adverse kidney events within 30 days (MAKE30), a composite of death, dialysis, or sustained renal dysfunction, in such patients.MethodsWe performed a multicenter, retrospective observational study in 1834 septic patients admitted to five ICUs in three hospitals in Stockholm, Sweden. We used logistic regression analysis to assess the association between cumulative fluid balance during the first two days in ICU and subsequent risk of MAKE30, adjusted for demographic factors, comorbidities, baseline creatinine, illness severity variables, haemodynamic characteristics, chloride exposure and nephrotoxic drug exposure. We assessed the strength of significant exposure variables using a relative importance analysis.ResultsOverall, 519 (28.3%) patients developed MAKE30. Median (IQR) cumulative fluid balance was 5.3 (2.8-8.1) l in the MAKE30 group and 4.1 (1.9-6.8) l in the no MAKE30 group, with non-resuscitation fluids contributing to approximately half of total fluid input in each group. The adjusted odds ratio for MAKE30 was 1.05 (95% CI 1.02-1.09) per litre cumulative fluid balance. On relative importance analysis, the strongest factors regarding MAKE30 were, in decreasing order, baseline creatinine, cumulative fluid balance, and age. In the secondary outcome analysis, the adjusted odds ratio for dialysis or sustained renal dysfunction was 1.06 (95% CI 1.01-1.11) per litre cumulative fluid balance. On separate sensitivity analyses, lower urine output and early acute kidney injury, respectively, were independently associated with MAKE30, whereas higher fluid input was not.ConclusionsIn ICU patients with sepsis, a higher cumulative fluid balance after 2 days in ICU was associated with subsequent development of major adverse kidney events within 30 days, including death, renal replacement requirement, or persistent renal dysfunction.

Project description:Chronic myeloproliferative disorders such as polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocytosis (ET), and idiopathic myelofibrosis arise from clonal proliferation of neoplastic stem cells in the bone marrow. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of zinc-dependent endopeptidases that have potential to degrade all types of extracellular matrix (ECM) and also play a role in remodeling of the ECM. It is known that MMPs play a role in bone marrow remodeling.The primary goal of our study is to explore the relationship between chronic myeloproliferative diseases and some of MMP gene polymorphisms. The demonstration of a relationship will help to understand whether these polymorphisms may be a potential early diagnosis marker of the diseases.Patients were selected from outpatient clinics of Turgut Ozal University Hospital, Ankara, Turkey, between December 2010 and May 2011. Twenty-eight patients that previously diagnosed and followed-up with PV, 17 with secondary polycythemia (SP), and 12 with ET were enrolled in the study, along with a control group of 22 healthy people.DNA was isolated from peripheral blood. Using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method, MMP2 and MMP9 gene polymorphisms were analyzed with agarose gel electrophoresis. There was a statistically significant difference between the study groups and the control group in terms of Gln279Arg polymorphisms rates of MMP9. The highest MMP9 Gln279Arg polymorphism rate was observed in the ET group. But nobody from the control group had polymorphic MMP9. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of MMP2-735 C > T polymorphism rates.In conclusion, MMP9 gene Gln279Arg polymorphism was associated with ET, SP, and PV diseases. Hence, we believe that these gene polymorphisms may play a role in the mechanism of bone marrow fibrosis and may be a factor that increases the risk of thrombosis. Illumination of the molecular basis of the relationship between MMP-thrombosis and MMP-fibrosis provides a better understanding of the pathophysiology of PV and ET diseases and will allow new approaches to diagnosis and treatment.

Dataset Information

Blood homocysteine levels could predict major adverse cardiac events in patients with acute coronary syndrome: A STROBE-compliant observational study.

Publications

Blood homocysteine levels could predict major adverse cardiac events in patients with acute coronary syndrome: A STROBE-compliant observational study.

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