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Is oxidative stress of adipocytes a cause or a consequence of the metabolic syndrome?

ABSTRACT: Metabolic syndrome is accompanied by oxidative stress in animals and humans. The main source of ROS in experimental metabolic syndrome is NADPH oxidase and possibly adipocyte mitochondria. It is now documented that oxidative stress induces insulin resistance of adipocytes and increases secretion of leptin, MCP-1, IL-6, and TNF-? by adipocytes. It was established that oxidative stress induces a decrease in adiponectin production by adipocytes. It has also been shown that obesity itself can induce oxidative stress. Oxidative stress can cause an alteration of intracellular signaling in adipocytes that apparently leads to the formation of insulin resistance of adipocytes. Chronic stress, glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, angiotensin-II, TNF-? also play an important role in the pathogenesis of oxidative stress of adipocytes. Oxidative stress is not only a consequence of metabolic syndrome, but also a reason and a foundational link in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome.

SUBMITTER: Maslov LN

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6240632 | biostudies-other | 2019 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Is oxidative stress of adipocytes a cause or a consequence of the metabolic syndrome?

Maslov Leonid N LN Naryzhnaya Natalia V NV Boshchenko Alla A AA Popov Sergey V SV Ivanov Vladimir V VV Oeltgen Peter R PR

Journal of clinical & translational endocrinology 20181109

Metabolic syndrome is accompanied by oxidative stress in animals and humans. The main source of ROS in experimental metabolic syndrome is NADPH oxidase and possibly adipocyte mitochondria. It is now documented that oxidative stress induces insulin resistance of adipocytes and increases secretion of leptin, MCP-1, IL-6, and TNF-α by adipocytes. It was established that oxidative stress induces a decrease in adiponectin production by adipocytes. It has also been shown that obesity itself can induce ...[more]

PMID: 30479968

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Project description:Insulin resistance and abdominal obesity are present in the majority of people with the metabolic syndrome. Antioxidant therapy might be a useful strategy for type 2 diabetes and other insulin-resistant states. The combination of vitamin C (Vc) and vitamin E has synthetic scavenging effect on free radicals and inhibition effect on lipid peroxidation. However, there are few studies about how to define the best combination of more than three anti-oxidants as it is difficult or impossible to test the anti-oxidant effect of the combination of every concentration of each ingredient experimentally. Here we present a math model, which is based on the classical Hill equation to determine the best combination, called Fixed Dose Combination (FDC), of several natural anti-oxidants, including Vc, green tea polyphenols (GTP) and grape seed extract proanthocyanidin (GSEP). Then we investigated the effects of FDC on oxidative stress, blood glucose and serum lipid levels in cultured 3T3-L1 adipocytes, high fat diet (HFD)-fed rats which serve as obesity model, and KK-ay mice as diabetic model. The level of serum malondialdehyde (MDA) in the treated rats was studied and Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) staining or Oil red slices of liver and adipose tissue in the rats were examined as well. FDC shows excellent antioxidant and anti-glycation activity by attenuating lipid peroxidation. FDC determined in this investigation can become a potential solution to reduce obesity, to improve insulin sensitivity and be beneficial for the treatment of fat and diabetic patients. It is the first time to use the math model to determine the best ratio of three anti-oxidants, which can save much more time and chemical materials than traditional experimental method. This quantitative method represents a potentially new and useful strategy to screen all possible combinations of many natural anti-oxidants, therefore may help develop novel therapeutics with the potential to ameliorate the worldwide metabolic abnormalities.

Dataset Information

Is oxidative stress of adipocytes a cause or a consequence of the metabolic syndrome?

Publications

Is oxidative stress of adipocytes a cause or a consequence of the metabolic syndrome?

Similar Datasets

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