Dataset Information

Thermophysical properties of liquid Zr52.5Cu17.9Ni14.6Al10Ti5-prospects for bulk metallic glass manufacturing in space.

ABSTRACT: Bulk metallic glasses are of critical interest for a wide range of applications, including their use in spacecraft gearboxes and mechanisms due to their excellent low-temperature, unlubricated wear resistance. Also of interest, is the potential for in-space manufacturing of metal alloys and the use of microgravity to determine fundamental thermophysical properties to inform ground-based modeling and experimentation. In this work, a Zr-based bulk metallic glass was processed in the electromagnetic levitator ISS-EML to determine undercooling, electrical resistivity, specific heat capacity, surface tension, and viscosity. A 6.5 mm sphere was vitrified during the processing, resulting in the first bulk metallic glass manufactured on board the international space station (ISS).

SUBMITTER: Mohr M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6814819 | biostudies-other | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Publications

Thermophysical properties of liquid Zr52.5Cu17.9Ni14.6Al10Ti5-prospects for bulk metallic glass manufacturing in space.

Mohr M M Wunderlich R K RK Hofmann D C DC Fecht H-J HJ

NPJ microgravity 20191025

Bulk metallic glasses are of critical interest for a wide range of applications, including their use in spacecraft gearboxes and mechanisms due to their excellent low-temperature, unlubricated wear resistance. Also of interest, is the potential for in-space manufacturing of metal alloys and the use of microgravity to determine fundamental thermophysical properties to inform ground-based modeling and experimentation. In this work, a Zr-based bulk metallic glass was processed in the electromagneti ...[more]

PMID: 31667336

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Project description:Polarization of macrophages by chemical, topographical and mechanical cues presents a robust strategy for designing immunomodulatory biomaterials. Here, we studied the ability of nanopatterned bulk metallic glasses (BMGs), a new class of metallic biomaterials, to modulate murine macrophage polarization. Cytokine/chemokine analysis of IL-4 or IFN?/LPS-stimulated macrophages showed that the secretion of TNF-?, IL-1?, IL-12, CCL-2 and CXCL1 was significantly reduced after 24-hour culture on BMGs with 55?nm nanorod arrays (BMG-55). Additionally, under these conditions, macrophages increased phagocytic potential and exhibited decreased cell area with multiple actin protrusions. These in vitro findings suggest that nanopatterning can modulate biochemical cues such as IFN?/LPS. In vivo evaluation of the subcutaneous host response at 2?weeks demonstrated that the ratio of Arg-1 to iNOS increased in macrophages adjacent to BMG-55 implants, suggesting modulation of polarization. In addition, macrophage fusion and fibrous capsule thickness decreased and the number and size of blood vessels increased, which is consistent with changes in macrophage responses. Our study demonstrates that nanopatterning of BMG implants is a promising technique to selectively polarize macrophages to modulate the immune response, and also presents an effective tool to study mechanisms of macrophage polarization and function. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE:Implanted biomaterials elicit a complex series of tissue and cellular responses, termed the foreign body response (FBR), that can be influenced by the polarization state of macrophages. Surface topography can influence polarization, which is broadly characterized as either inflammatory or repair-like. The latter has been linked to improved outcomes of the FBR. However, the impact of topography on macrophage polarization is not fully understood, in part, due to a lack of high moduli biomaterials that can be reproducibly processed at the nanoscale. Here, we studied macrophage interactions with nanopatterned bulk metallic glasses (BMGs), a class of metallic alloys with amorphous microstructure and formability like polymers. We show that nanopatterned BMGs modulate macrophage polarization and transiently induce less fibrotic and more angiogenic responses. Overall, we demonstrate nanopatterning of BMG implants as a technique to polarize macrophages and modulate the FBR.

Dataset Information

Thermophysical properties of liquid Zr52.5Cu17.9Ni14.6Al10Ti5-prospects for bulk metallic glass manufacturing in space.

Publications

Thermophysical properties of liquid Zr<sub>52.5</sub>Cu<sub>17.9</sub>Ni<sub>14.6</sub>Al<sub>10</sub>Ti<sub>5</sub>-prospects for bulk metallic glass manufacturing in space.

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