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Study of Small Bowel Tumor With Dual-phase Enhanced Computed Tomography (CTE) and Magnetic Resonance Enterography (MRE)

ABSTRACT: Purpose: To compare the accuracies of computed tomographic (CT) enterography and magnetic resonance (MR) enterography for the detection and radiomics characterization of small-bowel tumors (including gastrointestinal stromal tumors, adenomas and lymphomas, etc); Hypothesis: MR enterography was noninferior to CT enterography for the diagnosis and evaluation of small bowel tumors in generally well-distended small bowel.

DISEASE(S): Intestinal Neoplasms

PROVIDER: 2283233 | ecrin-mdr-crc |

REPOSITORIES: ECRIN MDR

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Heterogenous radiomics patterns are associated with poor survivals and dysregulated pathways in medulloblastoma

Project description:Background. To develop a radiomics signature for predicting overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with medulloblastoma (MB), and to investigate the incremental prognostic value and underlying biological pathways of the radiomics signature.Methods. A radiomics signature was constructed based on five magnetic resonance (MR) sequences (T1, T1c, T2, FLAIR and ADC) from a training cohort (n = 83) using LASSO-Cox model. Association between the signature and survival was evaluated on a testing cohort (n = 83). Incremental prognostic value of the signature beyond clinicomolecular factors was assessed with respect to calibration, discrimination, reclassification and clinical usefulness by a radiomics-clinicomolecular nomogram. Key pathways associated with the signature were identified. Prognostic value of pathway genes was assessed in a public TCGA cohort.Results. The radiomics signature was significantly associated with OS/PFS, independent from clinicomolecular factors. The radiomics-clinicomolecular nomogram predicted OS (C-index 0.762) and PFS (C-index 0.697) better than either the radiomics signature (C-index: OS: 0.649; PFS: 0.593) or the clinicomolecular nomogram (C-index: OS: 0.725; PFS: 0.691) only, with a better calibration and classification accuracy (net reclassification improvement: OS: 0.298, P = 0.022; PFS: 0.252, P = 0.026). Nine pathways were significantly correlated with the radiomics signature. Average expression value of pathway genes achieved significant risk stratification in public cohort (log-rank P = 0.016). Conclusion. This study demonstrated radiomics signature was an independent prognostic marker and offered incremental value over clinicomolecular factors in OS/PFS predictions for MB patients. The signature was associated with dysregulated pathways affecting patient prognosis in MB.

2020-06-01 | GSE151519 | GEO

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Magnetic Resonance (MR) Colonography With Fecal Tagging

Project description:The purpose of this study is to determine if MR colonography with fecal tagging is better using air or water for distension of the colon. Patients referred to colonoscopy are offered MR colonography before colonoscopy. Two days before colonography, patients ingest a 200 ml Barium sulfate solution 2% four times a day, which will render fecal masses "invisible" on the following MR colonography. Air or water (randomised trial) is used for distension of the colon. The examinations are evaluated by two independent blinded readers.

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Selective induction of homeostatic Th17 cells in the murine intestine by cholera toxin interacting with the microbiota

Project description:Th17 cells play a role as an inflammation mediator in a variety of autoimmune disorders, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and thus are widely considered to be pathogenic. However, Th17 cells are present in the normal intestine and show a homeostatic phenotype, i.e., they participate in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis rather than inducing inflammation. We observed an enlarged Th17 population in the small intestine of C57BL/6.IgA-/- mice compared to wild-type mice, which was further amplified with cholera toxin (CT) immunization without causing intestinal inflammation. The increased Th17 induction and the correspondingly 10-fold higher CTB-specific serum IgG response in C57BL/6.IgA-/- mice after CT immunization was microbiota dependent and was associated with increased segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) in the small intestine of C57BL/6.IgA-/- mice. Oral administration of vancomycin greatly dampened both CT immunogenicity and adjuvanticity, and the differential CT responses in IgA-/- and wild-type mice disappeared after intestinal microbiota equalization. Using gnotobiotic mouse models, we found that CT induction of homeostatic intestinal Th17 responses was supported not only by SFB but also by other commensal bacteria. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis using IL-17AhCD2 reporter mice revealed a similar gene expression profile in CT-induced intestinal Th17 cells and endogenous intestinal Th17 cells at homeostasis, with upregulated expressions of a panel of immune regulatory genes, which was distinctly different from the gene expression profile of pathogenic Th17 cells. Taken together, we identified a non-pathogenic signature of intestinal homeostatic Th17 cells, which are actively regulated by the commensal microbiota and can be selectively stimulated by CT.

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Identification of relationships between Molecular and Imaging Phenotypes in Non-small cell lung cancer using radiogenomics Map

Project description:Purpose: To create a radiogenomic map linking computed tomographic (CT) image features and gene expression profiles generated by RNA sequencing for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: A cohort of 113 patients with NSCLC diagnosed between April 2008 and September 2014 who had preoperative CT data and tumor tissue available was studied. For each tumor, a thoracic radiologist recorded 87 semantic image features, selected to reflect radiologic characteristics of nodule shape, margin, texture, tumor environment, and overall lung characteristics. Next, total RNA was extracted from the tissue and analyzed with RNA sequencing technology. Ten highly coexpressed gene clusters, termed metagenes, were identified, validated in publicly available gene-expression cohorts, and correlated with prognosis. Next, a radiogenomics map was built that linked semantic image features to metagenes by using the t statistic and the Spearman correlation metric with multiple testing correction. Results: RNA sequencing analysis resulted in 10 metagenes that capture a variety of molecular pathways, including the epidermal growth factor (EGF) pathway. A radiogenomic map was created with 32 statistically significant correlations between semantic image features and metagenes. Conclusions: Radiogenomic analysis of NSCLC showed multiple associations between semantic image features and metagenes that represented canonical molecular pathways

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2023-12-12 | GSE159334 | GEO

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