Project description:Since the inception of the P50 Research Center in Injury and Peri-operative Sciences (RCIPS) funding mechanism, the National Institute of General Medical Sciences has supported a team approach to science. Many advances in critical care, particularly burns, have been driven by RCIPS teams. In fact, burns that were fatal in the early 1970s, prior to the inception of the P50 RCIPS program, are now routinely survived as a result of the P50-funded research. The advances in clinical care that led to the reduction in postburn death were made by optimizing resuscitation, incorporating early excision and grafting, bolstering acute care including support for inhalation injury, modulating the hypermetabolic response, augmenting the immune response, incorporating aerobic exercise, and developing antiscarring strategies. The work of the Burn RCIPS programs advanced our understanding of the pathophysiologic response to burn injury. As a result, the effects of a large burn on all organ systems have been studied, leading to the discovery of persistent dysfunction, elucidation of the underlying molecular mechanisms, and identification of potential therapeutic targets. Survival and subsequent patient satisfaction with quality of life have increased. In this review article, we describe the contributions of the Galveston P50 RCIPS that have changed postburn care and have considerably reduced postburn mortality.
Project description:The concomitant use of various types of models (in silico, in vitro, and in vivo) has been exemplified here within the context of biomedical researches performed in the Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute (EMRI) of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Two main research aeras have been discussed: the search for new small molecules as therapeutics for diabetes and related metabolic conditions, and diseases related to protein aggregation. Due to their multidisciplinary nature, the majority of these studies have needed the collaboration of different specialties. In both cases, a brief overview of the subject is provided through literature examples, and sequential use of these methods is described.
Project description:BackgroundAfter the emphasis of the World Health Organization (WHO) on herbal medicines as the primary source for the care and treatment of some diseases, scientific publications increased in this regard. A significant body of basic and clinical researches in the field of herbal medicines are conducted in Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute (EMRI). This scientometric study is investigated to assess the global scientific production of EMRI in field of herbal medicines and endocrine disorders.MethodsSome of our search terms were "herbal medicine", "Chinese medicine", "traditional medicine", "endocrine", "metabolism", and "emri" from Scopus, Web of Science (WOS), and PubMed databases until June 20, 2020. Extracted data including first author, journal name, publication year, type of paper and number of citations were analyzed using analysis tools provided by Scopus, WOS databases, and SPSS version 15.ResultsOverall, 126 studies affiliated to EMRI were published on this topic. The number of these publications showed a non-significant increasing time trend. Majority of the published papers were original articles (>60%) and the two top subject areas were medicine and drug. The documents were cited totally 2900, and 2377 times with an average citation/article 29.59, and 24.76 in Scopus and WOS, respectively. The h-index of documents were 28 and 25, in Scopus and WOS, respectively. The highest cited article was a systematic review study in field of diabetes, and top source was "Daru Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences". Top author was affiliated to EMRI, followed by an author from pharmaceutical reserachers as national co-authorship. The highest international co-authorship was with the US.ConclusionsA promising scientific productivity is shown in the studied field. However, the number of publications is insufficient, and more evidence-based publications are required on this topic.
Project description:BackgroundPrior study reported that mushroom consumption was associated with a lower incidence of hyperuricemia, but there is limited evidence on this association. We conducted a collaborative study to investigate the association between mushroom intake and hyperuricemia in middle-aged and older populations.MethodsWe used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) in the U.S. (2007-2018) and the National Institute for Longevity Sciences-Longitudinal Study of Aging (NILS-LSA) in Japan (1997-2012). Consumption of mushroom (g/day) were measured by one- or two-day dietary recall in NHANES and by 3-day dietary records in the NILS-LSA. Hyperuricemia was defined using uric acid levels as > 420 μmol/L and > 350 μmol/L in NHANES for men and women, respectively; in the NILS-LSA, serum uric acid was repeatedly measured at baseline and follow-up surveys. Hyperuricemia was defined as uric acid levels > 416.4 μmol/L for men and ≥ 356.9 μmol/L for women. Logistic regression models in NHANES (cross-sectionally) and Generalized Estimation Equations in NILS-LSA (longitudinally) were performed.ResultsA total of 5,778 NHANES participants (mean (SD) age: 53.2 (9.6) years) and 1,738 NILS-LSA (mean (SD) age: 53.5 (11.2) years) were included. Mushrooms were consumed by 5.7% of participants in NHANES and 81.2% in NILS-LSA. We did not observe a significant association between mushroom intakes and hyperuricemia in the NHANES men and women. However, in the NILS-LSA, compared to non-consumers, a higher mushroom intake was associated with a lower risk of incident hyperuricemia in men under 65 years old. The adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) for non-consumers, participants with middle, and the highest consumption of mushrooms were 1.00 (Ref.), 0.77 (0.44, 1.36), and 0.55 (0.31, 0.99), respectively (P-trend = 0.036). No association was found in women in NILS-LSA.ConclusionsMushroom consumption was associated with a lower risk of incident hyperuricemia in Japanese men.