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RNA-seq analysis of YFV-17D specific and total naive CD8 T cells in humans

ABSTRACT: These 14 samples originate from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from donors at different times after they were vaccinated with the YF-17D vaccine.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE100745 | GEO | 2017/12/13

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA392910

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:The non-human primate (NHP) model (specifically rhesus and cynomolgus macaques) has facilitated our understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of yellow fever (YF) disease and allowed evaluation of safety and efficacy of YF-17D vaccines. However, the accuracy of this model in mimicking vaccine-induced immunity in humans remains to be fully determined. We used a system biology approach to compare hematological, biochemical, transcriptomic, innate and antibody-mediated immune responses in cynomolgus macaques and human participants following YF-17D vaccination. Immune response progression in cynomolgus macaques followed a similar course as in adult humans, but with slightly earlier onset. Yellow fever virus neutralizing antibody responses occurred earlier in cynomolgus macaques (by Day 7 [D7]), but titers >10 were reached in both species by D14 post-vaccination and were not significantly different by D28 (PRNT50 titers 3.6 Log vs 3.5 Log in cynomolgus macaques and human participants, respectively; p = 0.821). Changes in neutrophils, NK cells, monocytes, T and B cell frequency were higher in cynomolgus macaques and persisted for four weeks versus less than two weeks in humans. Low levels of systemic inflammatory cytokines (IL-1Ra, IL-8, MIP-1α, IP-10, MCP-1 or VEGF) were detected in either or both species, but with no or only slight changes versus baseline. Similar changes in gene expression profiles were elicited in both species. These included enriched and up-regulated type I IFN-associated viral sensing, antiviral innate response, and dendritic cell activation pathways D3–D7 post-vaccination in both species. Hematological and blood biochemical parameters remained relatively unchanged versus baseline in both species. Low level YF-17D viremia (RNAemia) was transiently detected in some cynomolgus macaques (28% [5/18]) but generally absent in humans (except one participant [5%; 1/20]). Importance: Cynomolgus macaques were confirmed as a valid surrogate model for replicating YF-17D vaccine-induced responses in humans, and suggest a key role for type I IFN.

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RNA-seq analysis of YFV-17D specific and total naive CD8 T cells in humans

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