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CDK8 Mediator kinase drives colon cancer hepatic metastasis by regulating gene expression of the matrix metalloproteinase network [Affymetrix]

ABSTRACT: CDK8 Mediator kinase is amplified and overexpressed in colon cancers; elevated CDK8 expression is associated with shorter patient survival. Nevertheless, CDK8 kinase inhibitors do not generally suppress colon cancer growth. We addressed this paradox by investigating the effects of CDK8 knockdown or a CDK8 kinase inhibitor on tumor growth at primary and metastatic sites. CDK8 knockdown or inhibition had no significant effect on primary tumors but suppressed the growth of hepatic metastases in murine and human colon cancer models. The effect of CDK8 inhibition on liver metastasis is mediated by upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor TIMP3 and downregulation of several MMPs.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE103346 | GEO | 2017/09/01

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA401695

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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CDK8 Mediator kinase drives colon cancer hepatic metastasis by regulating gene expression of the matrix metalloproteinase network [Illumina]

Project description:CDK8 Mediator kinase is amplified and overexpressed in colon cancers; elevated CDK8 expression is associated with shorter patient survival. Nevertheless, CDK8 kinase inhibitors do not generally suppress colon cancer growth. We addressed this paradox by investigating the effects of CDK8 knockdown or a CDK8 kinase inhibitor on tumor growth at primary and metastatic sites. CDK8 knockdown or inhibition had no significant effect on primary tumors but suppressed the growth of hepatic metastases in murine and human colon cancer models. The effect of CDK8 inhibition on liver metastasis is mediated by upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor TIMP3 and downregulation of several MMPs.

2017-10-16 | GSE104963 | GEO

CDK8 knockdown in HT-29 cells and CDK8 & MED12 knockdown in R1 cells

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the following subset Series: GSE30815: CDK8 knockdown in HT-29 human colon cancer cells GSE30816: CDK8 and MED12 knockdown in R1 mouse ES cells Refer to individual Series

2012-03-05 | E-GEOD-30817 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Inhibition of CDK8 Mediator Kinase Suppresses Estrogen Receptor Signaling and Growth of Estrogen Receptor Positive Breast Cancer

Project description:Hormone therapy targeting estrogen receptor (ER) is the principal treatment for ER-positive breast cancers but many cancers develop resistance to anti-estrogens. Cyclin-dependent kinase 8 (CDK8) is a transcriptional regulator of several oncogenic pathways. Expression levels of CDK8 and ERα are inversely correlated in breast cancers suggesting a functional association between CDK8 and ER. CDK8 inhibition by selective small-molecule inhibitors, by shRNA knockdown or by CRISPR-Cas9 knockout suppressed estrogen-induced transcription, with no significant effects on ERα protein expression or phosphorylation. CDK8 inhibition also abrogated the mitogenic effect of estrogen on ER-positive breast cancer cells and potentiated growth inhibition by the ER antagonist fulvestrant. In vivo, administration of a CDK8 inhibitor suppressed ER-positive breast cancer xenograft growth and augmented the effects of fulvestrant with no apparent toxicity. CDK8 inhibitors also suppressed the development of estrogen independence in ER-positive breast cancer cells. These results identify CDK8 as a novel drug target for breast cancer therapy.

2017-02-14 | GSE93193 | GEO

A precisely positioned MED12 activation helix stimulates CDK8 kinase activity

Project description:The Mediator kinase module regulates eukaryotic transcription by phosphorylating transcription-related targets and by modulating the association of Mediator and RNA Polymerase II. The activity of its catalytic core, cyclin-dependent kinase 8 (CDK8), is controlled by Cyclin C and MED12, with its deregulation contributing to numerous malignancies. Here, we combine in vitro biochemistry, crosslinking coupled to mass spectrometry and in vivo studies to describe the binding location of the N-terminal segment of MED12 on the CDK8/Cyclin C complex and to gain mechanistic insights into the activation of CDK8 by MED12. Our data demonstrate that the N-terminal portion of MED12 wraps around CDK8, whereby it positions an "activation helix" close to the T-loop of CDK8 for its activation. Intriguingly, mutations in the activation helix that are frequently found in cancers do not diminish the affinity of MED12 for CDK8, yet likely alter the exact positioning of the activation helix. Furthermore, we find the transcriptome-wide gene expression changes in human cells that result from a mutation in the MED12 activation helix to correlate with deregulated genes in breast and colon cancer. Last, functional assays in presence of kinase inhibitors reveal that binding of MED12 remodels the active site of CDK8 and thereby precludes the inhibition of ternary CDK8 complexes by type-II kinase inhibitors. Taken together, our results not only allow us to propose a revised model of how CDK8 activity is regulated by MED12, but they also offer a path forward in developing small molecules that target CDK8 in its MED12-bound form.

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Identification of CDK8 and CDK19 substrates in human cells using cortistatin A and quantitative phosphoproteomics

Project description:Cortistatin A (CA) is a highly selective inhibitor of the Mediator kinases CDK8 and CDK19. Using CA, we report here the first large-scale identification of Mediator kinase substrates in human cells (HCT116). Among over 16,000 quantified sites, we identified 78 high-confidence Mediator kinase targets within 64 proteins, including DNA-binding transcription factors and proteins associated with chromatin, DNA repair, and RNA polymerase II. Although RNA-seq data correlated with Mediator kinase targets, CA effects on gene expression were limited and distinct from CDK8 or CDK19 knockdown. Quantitative proteome analyses, which tracked about 7,000 proteins across six time points (0-24h), revealed that CA selectively affected pathways implicated in inflammation, growth, and metabolic regulation; contrary to expectations, increased turnover of Mediator kinase targets was not generally observed. Collectively, these data support Mediator kinases as regulators of chromatin and RNA polymerase II activity and suggest roles beyond transcription, including metabolism and DNA repair.

2018-10-24 | PXD003698 | Pride

24hr CA treatment vs. DMSO in HCT116 cells (from 'Identification of CDK8 and CDK19 substrates in human cells using cortistatin A and quantitative phosphoproteomics')

Project description:Cortistatin A (CA) is a highly selective inhibitor of the Mediator kinases CDK8 and CDK19. Using CA, we report here the first large-scale identification of Mediator kinase substrates in human cells (HCT116). Among over 16,000 quantified phosphosites, we identified 78 high-confidence Mediator kinase targets within 64 proteins, including DNA-binding transcription factors and proteins associated with chromatin, DNA repair, and RNA polymerase II. Although RNA-Seq data correlated with Mediator kinase targets, CA effects on gene expression were limited and distinct from CDK8 or CDK19 knockdown. Quantitative proteome analyses, which tracked about 7,000 proteins across six time points (0 â?? 24h), revealed that CA selectively affected pathways implicated in inflammation, growth, and metabolic regulation; contrary to expectations, increased turnover of Mediator kinase targets was not generally observed. Collectively, these data support Mediator kinases as regulators of chromatin and RNA polymerase II activity and suggest cellular roles beyond transcription, including metabolism and DNA repair. HCT116 cells were treated with either 100nM CA or DMSO in biological triplicate for each population (6 samples total). Treatment was for 24h for compound and vehicle.

2016-02-26 | E-GEOD-78506 | biostudies-arrayexpress

CDK8 Mediator kinase drives colon cancer hepatic metastasis by regulating gene expression of the matrix metalloproteinase network

Project description:CDK8 Mediator kinase drives colon cancer hepatic metastasis by regulating gene expression of the matrix metalloproteinase network

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The Cdk8 kinase module regulates Mediator-RNA polymerase II interaction

Project description:The Cdk8 kinase module (CKM) is a dissociable part of the coactivator complex Mediator that regulates RNA polymerase II (Pol II transcription. The CKM has negative and positive functions in gene transcription that remain poorly understood at the mechanistic level. Here, we prepare recombinant CKM from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and show that it binds core Mediator (cMed) to sterically inhibit cMed binding to the Pol II preinitiation complex (PIC) in vitro. We further show that the Cdk8 kinase activity of CKM counteracts CKM-cMed interaction,thereby releasing CKM and enabling Mediator to bind the PIC. Finally, we report that the kinase activity of Cdk8 is required for gene activation during heat shock in vivo, but not under steady state growth conditions. These results converge with previous literature on a model for CKM function. In this model, CKM negatively regulates Mediator function at upstream activating sequences by preventing Mediator binding to the PIC at the promoter. During gene activation, Cdk8 kinase activity may release Mediator and allow its binding to the PIC, thereby stimulating transcription initiation and accounting for the positive function of CKM.

2021-06-16 | GSE161140 | GEO

CDK8 Mediator kinase drives colon cancer hepatic metastasis by regulating gene expression of the matrix metalloproteinase network [Illumina]

Project description:CDK8 Mediator kinase drives colon cancer hepatic metastasis by regulating gene expression of the matrix metalloproteinase network [Illumina]

| PRJNA414241 | ENA

Transcriptomic analysis of the effects of expression of CDK8/CDK19 and their kinase-inactive mutants in HEK293 cells (WT) and their CDK8/19 double-knockout (dKO) derivatives

Project description:RNA-Seq analysis was carried out to investigate the effects of expression of wild-type CDK8 (CDK8) or CDK19 (CDK19) or their kinase-inactive D173A mutants (CDK8M and CDK19M) in HEK293 cells (WT) and their CDK8/19 double-knockout (dKO) derivatives

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