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24hr CA treatment vs. DMSO in HCT116 cells (from 'Identification of CDK8 and CDK19 substrates in human cells using cortistatin A and quantitative phosphoproteomics')

ABSTRACT: Cortistatin A (CA) is a highly selective inhibitor of the Mediator kinases CDK8 and CDK19. Using CA, we report here the first large-scale identification of Mediator kinase substrates in human cells (HCT116). Among over 16,000 quantified phosphosites, we identified 78 high-confidence Mediator kinase targets within 64 proteins, including DNA-binding transcription factors and proteins associated with chromatin, DNA repair, and RNA polymerase II. Although RNA-Seq data correlated with Mediator kinase targets, CA effects on gene expression were limited and distinct from CDK8 or CDK19 knockdown. Quantitative proteome analyses, which tracked about 7,000 proteins across six time points (0 â?? 24h), revealed that CA selectively affected pathways implicated in inflammation, growth, and metabolic regulation; contrary to expectations, increased turnover of Mediator kinase targets was not generally observed. Collectively, these data support Mediator kinases as regulators of chromatin and RNA polymerase II activity and suggest cellular roles beyond transcription, including metabolism and DNA repair. HCT116 cells were treated with either 100nM CA or DMSO in biological triplicate for each population (6 samples total). Treatment was for 24h for compound and vehicle.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

SUBMITTER: Dylan Taatjes

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-78506 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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24hr CA treatment vs. DMSO in HCT116 cells (from 'Identification of CDK8 and CDK19 substrates in human cells using cortistatin A and quantitative phosphoproteomics')

Project description:Cortistatin A (CA) is a highly selective inhibitor of the Mediator kinases CDK8 and CDK19. Using CA, we report here the first large-scale identification of Mediator kinase substrates in human cells (HCT116). Among over 16,000 quantified phosphosites, we identified 78 high-confidence Mediator kinase targets within 64 proteins, including DNA-binding transcription factors and proteins associated with chromatin, DNA repair, and RNA polymerase II. Although RNA-Seq data correlated with Mediator kinase targets, CA effects on gene expression were limited and distinct from CDK8 or CDK19 knockdown. Quantitative proteome analyses, which tracked about 7,000 proteins across six time points (0 – 24h), revealed that CA selectively affected pathways implicated in inflammation, growth, and metabolic regulation; contrary to expectations, increased turnover of Mediator kinase targets was not generally observed. Collectively, these data support Mediator kinases as regulators of chromatin and RNA polymerase II activity and suggest cellular roles beyond transcription, including metabolism and DNA repair.

2016-02-26 | GSE78506 | GEO

Identification of CDK8 and CDK19 substrates in human cells using cortistatin A and quantitative phosphoproteomics

Project description:Cortistatin A (CA) is a highly selective inhibitor of the Mediator kinases CDK8 and CDK19. Using CA, we report here the first large-scale identification of Mediator kinase substrates in human cells (HCT116). Among over 16,000 quantified sites, we identified 78 high-confidence Mediator kinase targets within 64 proteins, including DNA-binding transcription factors and proteins associated with chromatin, DNA repair, and RNA polymerase II. Although RNA-seq data correlated with Mediator kinase targets, CA effects on gene expression were limited and distinct from CDK8 or CDK19 knockdown. Quantitative proteome analyses, which tracked about 7,000 proteins across six time points (0-24h), revealed that CA selectively affected pathways implicated in inflammation, growth, and metabolic regulation; contrary to expectations, increased turnover of Mediator kinase targets was not generally observed. Collectively, these data support Mediator kinases as regulators of chromatin and RNA polymerase II activity and suggest roles beyond transcription, including metabolism and DNA repair.

2018-10-24 | PXD003698 | Pride

Transcriptome impact of acute deletion of Gata3 in murine pro-T cells

Project description:The purpose of the study was to determine what genes in DN2 pro-T cells are immediately regulated by the transcription factor GATA-3, either as activation targets or as repression targets. To do this, two pairs of Gata3-floxed and control pro-T cells were generated and analyzed by RNA-seq within the first day of deletion of the Gata3 gene. Pro-T cells were generated by differentiation in vitro on OP9-DL1 monolayers of fetal liver-derive precursors from wildtype or Gata3-floxed mice, and the Gata3 gene was acutely deleted by transduction with Cre retroviral vector. Within 20 hr after transduction, samples of acutely Gata3-deleted and control DN2 cells were sorted and RNA prepared for RNA-seq analysis. High-throughput sequencing of the samples was carried out. Experimental Gata3 deleted samples in both cases were Gata3-floxed, ROSA26R-EYFP samples infected with Cre retrovirus and sorted for EYFP+ (Cre-activated) DN2 phenotype. Control for experiment 1: wildtype (C57BL/6) DN2 pro-T cells generated in parallel, also treated with Cre retrovirus but sorted only for DN2 phenotype. Control for experiment 2: same genotype as experimental, but infected with a GFP+ empty retroviral vector and sorted for GFP+ DN2 phenotype. Two pairs of RNA-seq samples of DN2 pro-T cells were generated for comparison, each pair consisting of a Gata3-deleted sample plus a stage-matched control.

2014-09-02 | E-GEOD-59215 | biostudies-arrayexpress

12hr 5-FU treatment vs. DMSO in SJSA cells (from 'A kinase independent role for CDK19 in p53 response')

Project description:The human Mediator complex regulates RNA Polymerase II transcription genomewide. A general factor that regulates Mediator function is the four-subunit Mediator kinase module, which contains either CDK8 or CDK19. Whereas CDK8 has been linked to specific signaling cascades and oncogenesis, the cellular roles of its paralog, CDK19, are poorly studied. To define cellular roles for CDK19, we used osteosarcoma cells (SJSA) that naturally lack endogenous CDK8 protein. Although stable CDK19 knockdown was tolerated in SJSA cells, it caused reduced proliferation vs. control shRNA cells. Global gene expression analyses (RNA-Seq) suggested that defects in cholesterol biosynthesis contributed to reduced proliferation in CDK19 knockdown cells (vs. shCTRL). Notably, proliferation defects were rescued with transient expression of wild-type or kinase-dead CDK19. Using RNA-Seq and other assays, we established a general role for CDK19 in the transcriptional response to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), an inducer of genotoxic and metabolic stress. These experiments also implicated CDK19 in activation of p53 target genes during 5-FU treatment. To further probe a potential role for CDK19 in the p53 response, SJSA cells (shCDK19 vs. shCTRL) were treated with the p53 activator Nutlin-3. Remarkably, CDK19 was required for SJSA cells to return to a proliferative state following Nutlin-3 treatment, and this effect was kinase-independent. These results implicate CDK19 as a regulator of p53 stress responses and suggest a manifestation of CDK19 knockdown—potentially reduced levels of cholesterol metabolites—blocks cellular resistance to Nutlin-3.

2017-05-09 | GSE89807 | GEO

PU.1 regulates T-lineage gene expression and progression via indirect repression during early T-cell development

Project description:The Ets family transcription factor PU.1 is essential for the development and maintenance of several hematopoietic lineages. In the thymus, PU.1 is expressed only in the early ETP/DN1, DN2a and DN2b stages of development. While PU.1 deletion in multipotent precursors leads to a complete block in T-cell development its function in the intrathymic stages in which it is expressed remains undetermined. The goal of this expression profiling study was to determine if PU.1 regulates the expression of T-lineage genes during the early stages of development. To do this, we generated the PU.1-Eng construct which expresses a fusion protein containing the DNA binding ETS domain of PU.1 (aas 159-260) fused to the obligate repressor domain (aas 1-298) of the Drosophila engrailed protein. The PU.1-ETS construct only expresses the ETS domain of PU.1 (aas 159-260) and serves as a control. Fetal liver precursors were isolated from e14.5 embryos and co-cultured with OP9-DL1 cells in the presence of IL-7 and Flt3L (5 ng/ml each) for 4 days to obtain FLDN1, DN2a and DN2b cells. These were infected with vector only, PU.1-ETS and the PU.1-Eng constructs and DN2 cells were sorted after 20 hours of infection. Total RNA was isolated from these cells and polyA+ fraction was used to prepare libraries for high throughput sequencing. Libraries prepared from 2 independent sets of samples were subjected to non-strand specific single-end sequencing. Two sets of samples generated from fetal liver precursor derived DN2 cells expressing PU.1-ETS and PU.1-Eng constructs were used for expression profiling. The LZRS retroviral vector, without any insert, was used to generate the vector control dataset.

2015-04-08 | E-GEOD-65344 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Asynchronous combinatorial action of four regulatory factors activates Bcl11b for T cell commitment

Project description:During T cell development, multipotent progenitors relinquish competence for other fates and commit to the T cell lineage by turning on Bcl11b, which encodes a transcription factor. To clarify lineage commitment mechanisms, we followed developing T cells at the single-cell level using Bcl11b knock-in fluorescent reporter mice. Notch signaling and Notch activated transcription factors collaborate to activate Bcl11b expression irrespectively of Notch-dependent proliferation. These inputs work via three distinct, asynchronous mechanisms: an early locus âpoisingâ function dependent on TCF-1 and GATA-3, a stochastic-permissivity function dependent on Notch signaling, and a separate amplitude-control function dependent on Runx1, a factor already present in multipotent progenitors. Despite their necessity for Bcl11b activation, these inputs act in a stage specific manner, providing a multitiered mechanism for developmental gene regulation. Two sets of samples were generated from DN T-cell sub-populations derived from culture of bone marrow progenitors from mice containing a knock-in Bcl11b-YFP reporter

2016-06-27 | E-GEOD-76606 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Targeted RNA sequencing for gene discovery and quantification

Project description:Due to the large size, complex splicing and wide dynamic range of eukaryotic transcriptomes, RNA sequencing samples the majority of expressed genes infrequently, resulting in sparse sequencing coverage that can hinder robust isoform assembly and quantification. Targeted RNA sequencing addresses this challenge by using oligonucleotide probes to capture selected genes or regions of interest for focused sequencing. This enhanced sequencing coverage confers sensitive gene discovery, robust transcript assembly and accurate gene quantification. Here we describe a detailed protocol for all stages of targeted RNA sequencing, from initial probe design considerations, capture of targeted genes, to final assembly and quantification of captured transcripts. Initial probe design and final analysis can take less than a day, while the central experimental capture stage requires ~7 days. Targetted RNA sequencing of long noncoding RNAs

2014-03-01 | E-GEOD-52503 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Transcriptional responses to interferon require Mediator kinase-dependent pause release and mechanistically distinct functions of CDK8 and CDK19

Project description:Transcriptional responses to interferon require Mediator kinase-dependent pause release and mechanistically distinct functions of CDK8 and CDK19.

2019-07-15 | GSE129501 | GEO

Requirement for the Mediator kinase module for activation of super-enhancer associated genes in colon cancer cells

Project description:RNA sequencing of HCT116 colon cancer cells following single and combined depletions of Mediator kinase module subunits CDK8, CDK19, MED12, MED13 and MED13L and the BET family protein BRD4. The results provide insight into the shared and specific functions of kinase module subunits and BRD4 in regulation of expression of transcriptional programs including genes associated with cancer acquired super-enhancers.

2018-04-02 | E-MTAB-5873 | biostudies-arrayexpress

CRISPR-Cas9 combinatorial KO of epigenetic regulators in human ovarian cancer cells

Project description:We sequenced polyA mRNA from OVCAR8-ADR-Cas9 cells in which one or two of 3 epigenetic regulators (BRD4, KDM4C, KDM6B) had been knocked out to examine how global gene expression was affected and evaluate potential synergistic effects at a molecular level. Gene expression data (RNA-Seq) in OVCAR8-ADR-Cas9 cells infected with control vector or vectors expressing gRNAs targeting one of 4 epigenetic regulators (BRD4, KDM4C, KDM6B) with biological replicates.

2015-12-17 | E-GEOD-71074 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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