Coprophagia of rabbit puppies stimulate Immune System Development
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Oryctolagus cuniculus
PROVIDER: GSE104838 | GEO | 2019/05/02
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:The rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) represents the causative agent of a highly contagious disease in rabbits that is often associated with high mortality. Because of the lack of a suitable cell culture system for RHDV, the pathogenic mechanism and replication of RHDV remains unclear. In order to analyze the pathogenic mechanism of RHDV to rabbits, we used New Zealand white rabbits infected with RHDV, collected liver tissues 32 hours after infection, and used TMT labeling for LC-MS analysis. Subsequently, it was compared and analyzed with the protein data of the liver tissue of the uninfected rabbits. Perform bioinformatics analysis on significantly different proteins. Finally, comprehensively analyze the influence of RHDV on host protein and pathway expression levels. This study provides clues to clarify the pathogenic mechanism of RHDV in rabbits.
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Project description:During the nest-founding phase of the bumble bee colony cycle, queens undergo striking changes in maternal care behavior. Early in the founding phase, prior to the emergence of workers in the nest, queens are reproductive and also provision and feed their offspring. However, later in the founding phase, queens cease feeding offspring and become specialized on reproduction. This transition is synchronized with the emergence of workers in the colony, who assume the task of feeding their siblings. Using a social manipulation experiment, we tested the hypothesis that workers socially regulate the transition from feeding brood to specialization on reproduction in nest-founding bumble bee queens. Consistent with this hypothesis, we found that early-stage queens with workers prematurely added to their nests reduce their brood-feeding behavior and increase egg-laying, and likewise, late-stage queens increase their brood-feeding behavior and decrease egg-laying when workers are removed from their nests. Further, brood-feeding and egg-laying behavior were negatively correlated in these queens. We used an Agilent brain EST-based microarray to explore a second hypothesis, that workers alter brain gene expression in nest-founding queens. We found evidence that brain gene expression in nest-founding queens is altered by the presence of workers, with the effect much stronger in late-stage founding queens. Additionally, expression levels of some genes were correlated with quantitative differences in brood-feeding and egg-laying behavior. This study provides new insights into how the transition from feeding brood to specialization on reproduction in bumble bee queens is regulated during the nest initiation phase of the colony cycle.
2014-06-21 | E-MTAB-1855 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:We previously reported the establishment of a rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) model of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) in which peptide immunization led to lupus-like autoantibody production including anti-Sm, -RNP, -SS-A, -SS-B and -dsDNA. Some neurological symptoms in form of seizures and nystagmus were observed. The animals used in the previous and in the present study were from a National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases colony of rabbits that were pedigreed, immunoglobulin allotype-defined but not inbred. Their genetic heterogeneity may correspond to that found among patients of a given ethnicity. We extended the information about this rabbit model of SLE by microarray based expression profiling. We first demonstrated that human expression arrays could be used with rabbit RNA to yield information on molecular pathways. We then designed a study evaluating gene expression profiles in 8 groups of control and SLE rabbits (46 rabbits in total). Genes significantly upregulated in SLE rabbits were associated with NK cytotoxicity, antigen presentation, leukocyte migration, cytokine activity, protein kinases, RNA spliceosomal ribonucleoproteins, intracellular signaling cascades, and glutamate receptor activity. These results link increased immune activation with up-regulation of components associated with neurological and anti-RNP responses, demonstrating the utility of the rabbit SLE model to uncover biological pathways related to SLE-induced clinical symptoms, including Neuropsychiatric Lupus. Our finding of distinct gene expression patterns in rabbits that made anti-dsDNA compared to those that only made other anti-nuclear antibodies should be further investigated in subsets of SLE patients with different autoantibody profiles.
2010-07-23 | GSE23076 | GEO
Project description:We previously reported the establishment of a rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) model of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) in which peptide immunization led to lupus-like autoantibody production including anti-Sm, -RNP, -SS-A, -SS-B and -dsDNA. Some neurological symptoms in form of seizures and nystagmus were observed. The animals used in the previous and in the present study were from a National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases colony of rabbits that were pedigreed, immunoglobulin allotype-defined but not inbred. Their genetic heterogeneity may correspond to that found among patients of a given ethnicity. We extended the information about this rabbit model of SLE by microarray based expression profiling. We first demonstrated that human expression arrays could be used with rabbit RNA to yield information on molecular pathways. We then designed a study evaluating gene expression profiles in 8 groups of control and SLE rabbits (46 rabbits in total). Genes significantly upregulated in SLE rabbits were associated with NK cytotoxicity, antigen presentation, leukocyte migration, cytokine activity, protein kinases, RNA spliceosomal ribonucleoproteins, intracellular signaling cascades, and glutamate receptor activity. These results link increased immune activation with up-regulation of components associated with neurological and anti-RNP responses, demonstrating the utility of the rabbit SLE model to uncover biological pathways related to SLE-induced clinical symptoms, including Neuropsychiatric Lupus. Our finding of distinct gene expression patterns in rabbits that made anti-dsDNA compared to those that only made other anti-nuclear antibodies should be further investigated in subsets of SLE patients with different autoantibody profiles. An important goal of biomedical research is to translate basic findings into clinical applications. Models in inbred mice that spontaneously develop SLE, along with various mutant, transgenic and knockout models have documented a variety of genetic defects leading to SLE, but from the clinical perspective, the degree to which these findings using the inbred or homogeneous artificially mutated strains apply to individuals in heterogeneous outbred human populations is open to question. Given that there is still no cure available for SLE, it is important that we continue to explore possibilities using new animal models of SLE including neuropsychiatric lupus (NPSLE). The gene expression study reported here was conducted to expand our understanding of SLE and in particular NPSLE using our rabbit model. We reported earlier that immunization of rabbits with the SM- or GR-MAP peptides led to development of anti-nuclear autoantibodies, including anti-dsDNA, as well as neurological symptoms in the form of seizures and nystagmus in some rabbits. After establishing that it was possible to use the Affymetrix U95 human microarray for the rabbit gene expression studies, through comparative hybridization of identically prepared cRNA from human and rabbit PWBC, the human microarray was used due to lack of rabbit-specific microarrays. We describe unique gene expression changes associated with lupus like serological patterns in immunized rabbits. Our results also demonstrate that caution must be applied when choosing the structure of the carrier Multiple Antigen Peptide (MAP-peptide) for immunization. We discovered that using MAP-4 rather than MAP-8 significantly altered patterns of immune response and gene expression. Currently, microarrays specific for study of gene expression profiles are not available for rabbits. Therefore, we first conducted studies that compared identically prepared rabbit and human cRNA binding to the Affymetrix U95 microarray available for human gene expression analyses. It was determined that the human microarray could be used with rabbit cRNA to yield information on genetic pathways activated and/or suppressed in autoantibody-producing immunized rabbits. In the current report, gene expression profiles of a total of 46 rabbits, from 4 generations within a pedigreed group of control and immunized rabbits, were obtained and analyzed.
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Project description:High-flow causes the remodeling of arteries, in which smooth muscle cells play an important role. To know the profile of smooth muscle gene expression under high-flow conditions in vivo, flow of rabbit basilar artery was increased by ligation of both common carotid arteries. Microarrays were performed to profile the gene expression of smooth muscle cells isolated from rabbit basilar artery. Expression profiles indicate 43603 differentially expressed genes in smooth muscle cells exposed to high-flow insult compared with the sham control, of which 1470 genes were upregulated and 780 genes downregulated using 2 fold-changes and P<0.05 as a cut-off. Bilateral common carotid arteries of female New Zealand White rabbits were ligated to increase vascular flow.The control group was performed the same procedure to expose the CCAs without ligation. Rabbits were euthanized at day 5 after ligation or exposure of bilateral CCAs in both groups (n=3 for each group). The rabbits used and all procedures in this study were approved by the local Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Smooth muscle cells were isolated. After euthanization of rabbits, the whole basilar arteries were removed. The arteries were cleaned in PBS buffer,cannulated and perfused at a constant flow with a cocktail which contains PBS and 0.4 mg/ml elastase (Sigma) and 1 mg/ml collagenase (type 1A, Sigma). After an incubation time of 45 min, the tissue left was removed and stored in PBS. SMCs were released from the artery by trituration. Then Total RNA was extracted and gene chip tests were performed.
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