Cecum and liver gene expression profiles in response to dietary fibre
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE106375 | GEO | 2018/10/01
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:Acetate, propionate and butyrate are the main short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) that arise from the fermentation of fibers by the colonic microbiota. While many studies focus on the regulatory role of SCFAs, their quantitative role as a catabolic or anabolic substrate for the host has received relatively little attention. To investigate this aspect, we infused conscious mice with physiological quantities of stable isotopes [1-13C]acetate, [2-13C]propionate or [2,4-13C2]butyrate directly into the cecum, which is the natural production site in mice, and analyzed their interconversion by the microbiota as well as their metabolism by the host. Cecal interconversion - pointing to microbial cross-feeding - was high between acetate and butyrate, low between butyrate and propionate and almost absent between acetate and propionate. As much as 62% of infused propionate was used in whole-body glucose production, in line with its role as gluconeogenic substrate. Conversely, glucose synthesis from propionate accounted for 69% of total glucose production. The synthesis of palmitate and cholesterol in the liver was high from cecal acetate (2.8% and 0.7%, respectively) and butyrate (2.7% and 0.9%, respectively) as substrates, but low or absent from propionate (0.6% and 0.0%, respectively). Label incorporation due to chain elongation of stearate was approximately 8-fold higher than de novo synthesis of stearate. Microarray data suggested that SCFAs exert only a mild regulatory effect on the expression of genes involved in hepatic metabolic pathways during the 6h infusion period. Altogether, gut-derived acetate, propionate and butyrate play important roles as substrates for glucose, cholesterol and lipid metabolism. Mice were infused in cecum with stably-labelled isotopes of the three main short chain fatty acids or control solution. After 6 hrs, livers were removed and pooled RNA samples were subjected to gene expression profiling.
2013-10-21 | E-GEOD-45926 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Acetate, propionate and butyrate are the main short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) that arise from the fermentation of fibers by the colonic microbiota. While many studies focus on the regulatory role of SCFAs, their quantitative role as a catabolic or anabolic substrate for the host has received relatively little attention. To investigate this aspect, we infused conscious mice with physiological quantities of stable isotopes [1-13C]acetate, [2-13C]propionate or [2,4-13C2]butyrate directly into the cecum, which is the natural production site in mice, and analyzed their interconversion by the microbiota as well as their metabolism by the host. Cecal interconversion - pointing to microbial cross-feeding - was high between acetate and butyrate, low between butyrate and propionate and almost absent between acetate and propionate. As much as 62% of infused propionate was used in whole-body glucose production, in line with its role as gluconeogenic substrate. Conversely, glucose synthesis from propionate accounted for 69% of total glucose production. The synthesis of palmitate and cholesterol in the liver was high from cecal acetate (2.8% and 0.7%, respectively) and butyrate (2.7% and 0.9%, respectively) as substrates, but low or absent from propionate (0.6% and 0.0%, respectively). Label incorporation due to chain elongation of stearate was approximately 8-fold higher than de novo synthesis of stearate. Microarray data suggested that SCFAs exert only a mild regulatory effect on the expression of genes involved in hepatic metabolic pathways during the 6h infusion period. Altogether, gut-derived acetate, propionate and butyrate play important roles as substrates for glucose, cholesterol and lipid metabolism.
2013-10-21 | GSE45926 | GEO
Project description:Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) butyrate and propionate are metabolites from dietary fibers fermentation by gut microbiota that can affect differentiation or functions of T cells, macrophages and dendritic cells. We show here that these SCFAs directly impact B cells to modulate in a dose-dependent fashion AID and Blimp1 expression, class-switch DNA recombination, somatic hypermutation and plasma cell differentiation, thereby impairing, through B cell-intrinsic activity, local (intestinal) and systemic T-dependent and T-independent antibody responses. In human and mouse B cells, butyrate and propionate upregulate select miRNAs that target Aicda and Prdm1 mRNA-3’UTRs through epigenetic inhibition of histone deacetylation of the respective miRNA host genes. Further, they modulate B cell Aicda and Prdm1 by acting as HDAC inhibitors, not as energy substrate or through GPR-engagement signaling. Finally, butyrate and propionate epigenetic impact on B cells extends to inhibition of autoantibody production and autoimmunity in lupus MRL/Faslpr/lpr and NZB/WF1 mice.
2020-01-13 | GSE140111 | GEO
Project description:Background: Acetate, propionate, and butyrate are the main short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) produced in the colon as a result of microbial fermentation of dietary fibers. An increasing amount of evidence suggests that these SCFA have major health benefits. The composition of the microbiota is altered by dietary fat, and this is believed to impact SCFA production. Currently it is unknown whether host gene expression responses to SCFA are modulated by fat content of the diet. The aim of this study was to compare the changes in colonic gene expression profiles after acetate, propionate and butyrate infusions between a low fat and high fat diet. Methods: Male C57BL/6J mice were fed semi-synthetic low fat (10 energy%) or high fat (45 E%) diets starting 2 weeks before the SCFA treatment period. During treatment, mice received a rectal infusion of either an acetate, propionate, butyrate, or a saline (control) solution for 6 consecutive days, after which colon was subjected to gene expression profiling. Unsupervised visualization of the dataset was performed using Independent Principal Component Analysis. For each SCFA, similarities of its effects on a low fat and a high fat diet were assessed using Rank-Rank Hypergeometric Overlap. In addition, differentially expressed genes were identified, and gene set enrichment analysis was performed to determine functional implications of the regulated genes. Results: Taking into account the complete dataset, we observed that more variation in gene expression profiles was explained by fat content of the diet than by SCFA treatment. Gene expression responses to acetate and butyrate were similar on the low fat versus high fat diet, but were opposite for propionate. Functionally the expression changes reflected differential modulation of several metabolic processes; genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation, lipid catabolism, lipoprotein metabolism and cholesterol transport were suppressed by acetate and butyrate treatment, whereas propionate treatment resulted in changes in fatty acid and sterol biosynthesis, and in amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism. Conclusions: We demonstrated that dietary fat content impacts the colonic gene expression response to propionate, and to a lesser extent to acetate and butyrate. The study demonstrates that knowledge on diet composition is essential when studying effects of SCFAs on metabolism.
2022-06-01 | GSE48856 | GEO
Project description:Alterations in the composition of the gut microbiome have an emerging role in brain function and behaviour. We have porposed that short chain fatty acids (SCFA) including propionate and butyrate which are present in the diet and are fermantation products of many gastrointestinal bacteria are contributing environmental factors in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Here we used the microarray technology to compare global changes in gene expression profiles following exposure of PC12 cells to structurally related SCFA propionate and butyrate each in two different concentrations. Large number of affected genes, common for both SCFA were identified, including genetic networks and GO processes implicated in ASD. PC12 cells were exposed to propionate or butyrate. RNA was isolated from each experimental group (n=6, pooled samples) and subjected to genome-wide expression profiling using Affymetrix microarrays to reveal dose- and SCFA-specific changes in gene expression and specific molecular pathways or processes affected as compared to vehicle treated controls.
2014-06-02 | E-GEOD-56516 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Background: Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), mainly acetate, propionate and butyrate, are produced by gut microbiota through fermentation of complex carbohydrates that cannot be digested by the human host. They affect gut health and can contribute at the distal level to the pathophysiology of several diseases, including renal pathologies. Methods: SCFA levels were measured in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients (n = 54) at different stages of the disease and associations with renal function and inflammation parameters were examined. The impact of propionate and butyrate in pathways triggered in tubular cells under inflammatory conditions was analysed using genome-wide expression assays. Finally, a pre-clinical mouse model of folic acid-induced transition from acute kidney injury to CKD was used to analyse the preventive and therapeutic potential of these microbial metabolites in the development of CKD. Results: Faecal levels of propionate and butyrate in CKD patients gradually reduce as the disease progresses, and do so in close association with established clinical parameters for serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and the estimated glomerular filtration rate. Propionate and butyrate jointly downregulated the expression of 103 genes related to inflammatory processes and immune system activation triggered by TNF-α in tubular cells. In vivo, the administration of propionate and butyrate, either before or soon after injury, respectively prevented and slowed the progression of damage. This was indicated by a decrease in renal injury markers, the expression of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic markers, and recovery of renal function over the long term. Conclusions: Propionate and butyrate levels are associated with a progressive loss of renal function in CKD patients. Early administration of these SCFAs prevents disease advancement in a pre-clinical model of acute renal damage, demonstrating their therapeutic potential independently of the gut microbiota.
2024-05-02 | GSE221506 | GEO
Project description:Roseburia inulinivorans is a recently identified motile representative of the Firmicutes that contributes to butyrate formation from a variety of dietary polysaccharide substrates in the human large intestine. Microarray analysis was used here to investigate substrate-driven gene expression changes in R. inulinivorans A2-194. A cluster of fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS)/inulin utilisation genes induced during growth on inulin included one encoding a b-fructofuranosidase protein that was prominent in the proteome of inulin-grown cells. This cluster also included a 6-phosphofructokinase and an ABC transport system, while a distinct inulin-induced 1-phosphofructokinase was linked to a fructose-specific phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system (PTS II transport enzyme). Real-time PCR analysis demonstrated that the b-fructofuranosidase and adjacent ABC transport protein showed greatest induction during growth on inulin, whereas the 1-phosphofructokinase enzyme and linked PTS II transport system were most strongly up-regulated during growth on fructose, indicating that these two clusters play distinct roles in the utilization of inulin. The R. inulinivorans B-fructofuranosidase was over-expressed in E. coli and shown to hydrolyse fructans ranging from inulin down to sucrose, with greatest activity on fructo-oligosacharides. Genes induced on starch included the major extra-cellular a-amylase and two distinct a-glucanotransferases together with a gene encoding a flagellin protein. The latter response may be concerned with improving bacterial access to insoluble starch particles. RNA was purified from mid-exponential phase (OD650 = 0.4) cultures of R. inulinivorans grown on basal YCFA supplemented with a single substrate of either starch or inulin using the RNeasy RNA purification kit (Qiagen), and the mRNA component enriched using the MICROBExpress system (Ambion). The purified RNA (1 ug) was labelled by reverse transcription (Amersham), employing random nonamer extension incorporating either dCTP-Cy3 or dCTP-Cy5 dyes. In order to ensure reproducibility, and to obtain statistically significant results, the dye labelling was swapped for a second hybridisation. RNA purified from a separate biological replicate was labelled and hybridised twice in the same way.
2010-07-24 | E-GEOD-22245 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Propionate and butyrate degradation
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Project description:Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) is an emerging pathogen that causes diarrhea and heamolytic uremic syndrome. Expression of genes associated to pathogenicity is strictly regulated by environmental factors. Since short chian fatty acids (SCFAs) are present in intestinal tract which is a target of EHEC infection, we investigated the response of EHEC genes to SCFAs, such as acetate, propionate and butyrate. Keywords: Culture condition 3 sets of comparison between transcription profiles in EHEC growing in the presence of acetate, propionate or butyrate against EHEC growing in the presence of NaCl. Labelling of cDNA and hybridization were performed twice with independently prepared RNAs.
2010-05-17 | E-GEOD-12903 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Despite recent advances, severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) remains an extremely lethal inflammation with limited treatment options. Here, we provide compelling evidence of GV-971 (sodium oligomannate), an anti-Alzheimer's medication, as being a protective agent in various mouse SAP models. Microbiome sequencing, along with fecal microbiota transplantation and mass cytometry technology, unveiled that GV-971 reshapes the gut microbiota, increasing Faecalibacterium populations and modulating both peripheral and intestinal immune systems. A metabolomics analysis of cecal contents from GV-971–treated SAP mice further identified short-chain fatty acids, including propionate and butyrate, as key metabolites in inhibiting macrophage M1 polarization and subsequent lethal inflammation by blocking the MAPK pathway. These findings suggest GV-971 as a promising therapeutic for SAP by targeting the microbiota metabolic immune axis.
2024-07-04 | GSE271034 | GEO