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Decreased TGFBR3/Betaglycan expression enhances the metastatic abilities of renal cell carcinoma cells through TGF-b-dependent and independent mechanisms

ABSTRACT: It is unclear how the loss of TGF-b signaling components affects metastatic abilities in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). In this study, we identified that low TGFBR3 expression in ccRCC cells enhanced primary tumor formation and lung metastasis. In the presence of TGFBR3, TGF-b2 decreased the aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH)-positive ccRCC cell population, in which renal cancer-initiating cells are enriched. Loss of TGFBR3 also enhanced cell migration in cell culture and induced expression of several mesenchymal markers in a TGF-b-independent manner. Increased lamellipodium formation by FAK-PI3K signaling was observed with TGFBR3 downregulation, and this contributed to TGF-b-independent cell migration in ccRCC cells. Taken together, our findings reveal that loss of TGFBR3 endows ccRCC cells with multiple metastatic abilities through TGF-b-dependent and independent pathways.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE106719 | GEO | 2018/06/28

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Background/Objective: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a pivotal role in cancerogenesis and cancer progression, but their specific role in metastasis of clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCCs) as so-called metastamirs is still limited. Based on microRNA microarray analyses from normal (n=12) and cancerous (n=12) samples of ccRCC specimens and from bone metastases (n=9) of ccRCC patients, we identified a set of 57 differentially expressed microRNAs between those three sample groups of ccRCC. A selected panel of 33 miRNAs, including miRNAs reported in the literature as differentially expressed in non-metastatic RCC, was validated by RT-qPCR on 57 clinical samples. 30 of the 33 examined miRNAs were confirmed to be deregulated. A stepwise down-regulated miRNA expression from normal over primary tumor to metastatic tissue samples was found to be typical. 23 miRNAs (miR-10b/-19a/-19b/-20a/-29a/-29b/-29c/-100/-101/-126/-127/-130/-141/-143/-145/-148a/-192/-194/-200c/-210/-215/-370/-514) were down-regulated in metastatic tissue samples in comparison to normal tissue. This down-regulated expression in metastatic tissue was also present in 21 miRNAs except for miR-127 and miR-370. The altered miRNA profiles including the newly identified metastasis-associated miRNAs, the compiled predicted miRNA-target interactions, and the significant correlations of miRNAs which were either lost or newly appeared in the studied sample groups afford a solid basis for further functional analyses of individual miRNAs. In this study, microarray-based profiling was performed from 9 bone metastatic tissue samples from 9 patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). For controls, 2 bone metastatic samples from two patients with prostate carcinoma and 5 total RNA pools (2 different pools of total RNAs isolated from malignant renal tissue samples derived from different ccRCC patients; 1 pool from non-malignant renal tissue of ccRCC patients; 2 pools of total RNA both from malignant and non-malignant prostate cancer tissue) were used. In addition, matched malignant (e.g., malignant NC2) and non-malignant (e.g., non-malignant NN1) samples from two independent 12 ccRCC sets were profiled (these samples were previously analyzed on a different Platform in GSE12105). The 2002 TNM System and the 2004 WHO classification was used for staging and grading.

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Decreased TGFBR3/Betaglycan expression enhances the metastatic abilities of renal cell carcinoma cells through TGF-b-dependent and independent mechanisms

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