Expression profiling of mammalian Schwann cells in response to treatment with NRG and/or IGF
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Rattus norvegicus
PROVIDER: GSE10775 | GEO | 2008/03/18
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA107453
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Comparison of the changes in mitochondrial gene expression of cells in which extracellular growth factors and/or mitogens have been added. Experiment Overall Design: Primary Rat Schwann cells were arrested and synchronized with aphidicolin for 24 hours in 3% FCS containing medium. Cells where then transferred to defined conditions (no factors) with aphidocolin for another 24 hours before appropriate factors were applied for 15 hours prior to cell collection.
2008-04-05 | E-GEOD-10775 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Insulin and IGF-1 receptors (IR/IGF1R) are highly homologous and share similar signaling systems, but each has a unique physiological role, with IR primarily regulating metabolic homeostasis and IGF1R regulating mitogenic control and growth. Here, we show that replacement of a single amino acid at position 973, just distal to the NPEY motif in the intracellular juxtamembrane region, from leucine, which is highly-conserved in IRs, to phenylalanine, the highly-conserved homologous residue in IGF1Rs, results in decreased IRS-1-PI3K-Akt-mTORC1 signaling and increased of Shc-Gab1-MAPK-cell cycle signaling. As a result, cells expressing L973F-IR exhibit decreased insulin-induced glucose uptake, increased cell growth and impaired receptor internalization. Mice with knockin of the L973F-IR show similar alterations in signaling in vivo, and this leads to decreased insulin sensitivity, a modest increase in growth and decreased weight gain when challenged with high-fat diet. Thus, leucine973 in the juxtamembrane region of the IR acts is a crucial residue differentiating IR signaling from IGF1R signaling.
2022-12-21 | PXD038649 | Pride
Project description:Schwann cells, expanded in number by exposure to growth factors in vitro, could be useful in nervous system repair. Our previous results suggest that long term exposure to heregulin and forskolin changes the functional properties of the human Schwann cells, including the ability to myelinate axons after transplantation. Here, we propose to determine the molecular changes in the Schwann cells that occur as a result of extended growth with mitogenic factors. We believe that the information obtained in these studies will provide clues about mechanisms underlying the already observed changes in function. This information will aid in the prediction of the safety and efficacy of neural repair approaches that use cultured, expanded Schwann cells. Finally this data may provide clues into the mechanisms underlying normal human Schwann cell function.,To use gene array analysis to compare gene expression profiles in early and late passage human Schwann cells exposed to the growth factors heregulin and forskolin.,Observed changes in the function of human Schwann cells, including their capacity for growth and differentiation, after prolonged exposure to heregulin and forskolin, are caused by changes in the gene expression profiles in these cells.
2007-06-22 | E-GEOD-4030 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Re-induction of endogenous proliferation is a promising regeneration strategy for post-mitotic organs. For heart regeneration, we recently discovered that dual inhibition of both GSK3 and MST1 is required for proliferation in mature human cardiac organoids1. However, the mechanisms of action are not yet understood. Here, we de-convolute the mitogenic response using proteomics and report that GSK3 inhibition activates a cell cycle network whereas MST1 inhibition drives the mevalonate pathway. Screening of an additional 105 compounds identified a p38 inhibitor, which activated a cell cycle network, as well as an inhibitor of TGFBR, which activated the mevalonate pathway; combinatorial treatment with these two inhibitors also resulted in synergistic cell cycle activation. The mevalonate pathway which was consistently activated under the most robust proliferative conditions, is down-regulated during in vivo maturation when cardiomyocyte regenerative capacity ceases and inhibition of the mevalonate pathway abolished the myocyte proliferative response to mitogens. Taken together, our findings suggest that the mevalonate pathway synergises with mitogenic agents to enable mature cardiomyocytes to re-enter the cell cycle. These findings have important ramifications for development of cardiac regenerative therapeutics.
2019-03-12 | PXD009133 | Pride
Project description:Halobacterium growth with added uracil: time course
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Project description:Despite a high degree of homology, insulin and IGF-1 receptors (IR/IGF1R) mediate distinct cellular and physiological functions. Here, using chimeric and site-mutated receptors, we demonstrate how domain differences between IR and IGF1R contribute the distinct functions of these receptors. Receptors with the intracellular domain of IGF1R show increased activation of Shc and Gab-1 and more potent regulation of genes involved in proliferation, corresponding to its higher mitogenic activity. Conversely, receptors with the intracellular domain of IR display higher IRS-1 phosphorylation, stronger regulation of genes in metabolic pathways and more dramatic glycolytic responses to hormonal stimulation.
2016-07-01 | GSE81921 | GEO
Project description:Different mutations in the gene encoding humans IGF-I cause intrauterine growth retardation, postnatal growth failure, microcephaly, mental retardation, bilateral sensorineural deafness and multiple dysmorphic features. Insight into the role of IGFs in inner ear cochlear ganglion neurogenesis has come from the study of genetically modified mice. Postnatal cochlear development is severely impaired in mice Igf1-/-, which develop smaller cochlea and cochlear ganglia, an immature tectorial membrane and they display a significant decrease in the number and size of auditory neurons. We used microarrays to define the genetic signatures of Igf-1 +/+ and Igf-1-/- mouse cochea and identify the differentially expressed genes. Keywords: comparison between WT and KO
2008-06-19 | GSE11821 | GEO
Project description:Fully-grown oocytes are transcriptionally silent and must stably maintain mRNAs needed for oocyte meiotic maturation and early embryonic development. However, where and how mammalian oocytes store maternal mRNAs is unclear. Here, we report that mammalian oocytes accumulate mRNAs in a mitochondria-associated ribonucleoprotein domain (MARDO). MARDO assembly around mitochondria was promoted by the RNA-binding protein ZAR1, and directed by an increase in mitochondrial membrane potential during oocyte growth. MARDO foci coalesced into hydrogel-like matrices that clustered mitochondria. Maternal mRNAs stored in the MARDO were translationally repressed. Loss of ZAR1 disrupted the MARDO, dispersed mitochondria, and caused a premature loss of MARDO-localized mRNAs. Thus, a mitochondria-associated membraneless compartment controls mitochondrial distribution and regulates maternal mRNA storage, translation and decay to ensure fertility in mammals.
2022-10-25 | PXD036974 | Pride
Project description:Halobacterium delta-ura3 growth with added uracil: time course
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Project description:Beige adipocytes accumulates mitochondria and alleviates metabolic disorder via activating energy expenditure. Whether the opposing process of mitochondrial biogenesis and clearance are integrated regulated in beige adipocytes is beyond known. Here we show that DNA binding protein Ets1 suppresses beige adipocyte formation via bidirectional regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis and clearance. The expression level of Ets1 was down-regulated in browning adipocytes, and up-regulated in the subcutaneous fat of obese mice. Adipocyte Ets1 heterozygous knock-in mice showed suppressed beige adipocytes formation under cold stress, while the homozygous knock-in mice are cold intolerance. On the other hand, knocking out Ets1 in adipocytes enhanced energy expenditure and protect the mice from high fat diet induced metabolic disorders. Mechanical assay suggests Ets1 binds to the promoter region of mitochondria complex coding genes and autophagy related genes, transcriptionally suppresses mitochondrial biogenesis and activates its clearance. Our results indicate that Ets1 integrally regulates the balance of mitochondria generation and degradation, hence acts as a pivotal governor of mitochondria content and negatively regulates beige adipocyte formation.
2022-12-22 | GSE221335 | GEO