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Exposure to polybrominated biphenyl (PBB) associates with DNA methylation differences across the genome

ABSTRACT: Polybrominated biphenyl (PBB) is an endocrine-disrupting compound which was accidently added to the food supply in Michigan in the 1970’s. Highly exposed individuals and their children have numerous health problems, though the underlying mechanism behind these health problems remains unknown. Other endocrine-disrupting compounds have been linked to epigenetic differences, but no epigenetic studies have been done for PBB. In this study, DNA from the blood of individuals with PBB exposure from the Michigan PBB Registry was interrogated with the MethylationEPIC BeadChip (N = 659). Associations between each of the ~850,000 CpG sites and current, serum PBB levels were tested with a linear regression that controlled for age, sex, and cell type proportions. We show that exposure to PBB is associated with differences in epigenetic marks that suggest that it is acting similarly to estrogen and is associated with dysregulated immune system pathways.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE116339 | GEO | 2018/08/01

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:In 1973, accidental contamination of Michigan livestock with polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs) led to the establishment of a registry of exposed individuals that have been followed for > 40 years. Besides being exposed to PBBs, this cohort has also been exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), a structurally similar class of environmental pollutants, at levels similar to average US exposure. In this study, we examined the association between current serum PCB and PBB levels and various female reproductive health outcomes to build upon previous work and inconsistencies. Participation in this cross-sectional study required a blood draw and completion of a detailed health questionnaire. Analysis included only female participants who had participated between 2012 and 2015 (N = 254). Multivariate linear and logistic regression models were used to identify associations between serum PCB and PBB levels with each gynecological and infertility outcome. Additionally, a generalized estimating equation (GEE) model was used to evaluate each pregnancy and birth outcome in order to account for multiple pregnancies per woman. We controlled for age, body mass index, and total lipid levels in all analyses. A p-value of <0.05 was used for statistical significance. Among the women who reported ever being pregnant, there was a significant negative association with higher total PCB levels associating with fewer lifetime pregnancies ( β = -0.11, 95% CI = -0.21 to -0.005, p = 0.04). There were no correlations between serum PCB levels and the self-reported gynecological outcomes (pelvic inflammatory disease, endometriosis, polycystic ovarian syndrome, or uterine fibroids). No associations were identified between serum PCB levels and the prevalence of female infertility in women reporting ever having sexual intercourse with a male partner. There were no associations identified between serum PCB levels and pregnancy outcomes (singleton live births or miscarriages) or birth outcomes (preterm birth, birth weight, birth defects, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, or gestational diabetes). PBB was not associated with any outcome. Further research is needed to determine if and how PCB may reduce pregnancy number.

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Exposure to polybrominated biphenyl (PBB) associates with DNA methylation differences across the genome

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