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Gene expression profiles of alveolar macrophages isolated from wild type (WT) and A20 conditional knockout mice after BLM exposure

ABSTRACT: Although recent progressions have provided significant mechanistic insights into the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis (PF), few of anti-PF therapeutics show certain promise for this devastating disease. Chronic or repeated lung injury results in chronic inflammation, which functions as a major driven force to promote PF development. Here we report that chronic lung injury inactivates ubiquitin-modifying enzyme A20 to cause a progressive accumulation of transcription factor C/EBPb in macrophages, which produce a number of pro-fibrotic factors to promote PF development. Elevated GSK-3b expression, in response to chronic lung injury, interacts with and phosphorylates A20 to suppress C/EBPb degradation in macrophages. Enforced expression of A20 or pharmacological acceleration of C/EBPb degradation by a peptide restores the A20 activity and provides potent therapeutic efficacy against experimental PF. Our studies reveal a regulatory mechanism of the GSK-3b-A20-C/EBPb axis in alveolar macrophages, by targeting which can treat PF and fibroproliferative lung diseases.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE117649 | GEO | 2018/10/01

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:GSK-3b plays a critical role in regulating the Wnt/b-catenin signaling pathway, and manipulating GSK-3b in dendritic cells (DCs) has been shown to improve anti-tumor efficacy of DC vaccines. Since inhibition of GSK-3b leads to activation of b-catenin, we hypothesize that blocking GSK-3b in DCs negatively regulates DC-mediated CD8 T cell immunity and anti-tumor immunity. Using CD11c-GSK-3b-/- conditional knockout mice in which GSK-3b is genetically deleted in CD11c-expressing DCs, we surprisingly found that deletion of GSK-3b in DCs resulted in increased anti-tumor immunity, which contradicted our initial expectation of reduced anti-tumor immunity due to presumed upregulation of b-catenin in DCs. Indeed, we found by both western blot and flow cytometry that deletion of GSK-3b in DCs did not lead to augmented expression of b-catenin protein, suggesting that GSK-3b exerts its function independent of b-catenin. Supporting this notion, our single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis revealed that GSK-3b-deficient DCs exhibited distinct gene expression patterns with minimally overlapping differentially expressed genes (DEGs) compared to DCs with activated b-catenin. This suggests that deletion of GSK-3b in DCs is unlikely to lead to upregulation of b-catenin at the transcriptional level. Consistent with enhanced anti-tumor immunity, we also found that CD11c-GSK-3b-/- mice exhibited significantly augmented cross-priming of antigen-specific CD8 T cells following DC-targeted vaccines. We further found that deletion of GSK-3b in DCs completely abrogated memory CD8 T cell responses, suggesting that GSK-3b in DCs also plays a negative role in regulating the differentiation and/or maintenance of memory CD8 T cells. scRNA-seq analysis further revealed that although deletion of GSK-3b in DCs positively regulated transcriptional programs for effector differentiation and function of primed antigen-specific CD8 T cells in CD11c-GSK-3b-/- mice during the priming phase, it resulted in significantly reduced antigen-specific memory CD8 T cells, consistent with diminished memory responses. Taken together, our data demonstrate that GSK-3b in DCs has opposite functions in regulating cross-priming and memory CD8 T cell responses, and GSK-3b exerts its functions independent of its regulation of b-catenin.

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Gene expression profiles of alveolar macrophages isolated from wild type (WT) and A20 conditional knockout mice after BLM exposure

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