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Contrasting roles of transcription factors spineless and EcR in the highly dynamic chromatin landscape of butterfly wing metamorphosis

ABSTRACT: This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

ORGANISM(S): Junonia coenia

PROVIDER: GSE121735 | GEO | 2019/04/30

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Contrasting roles of transcription factors spineless and EcR in the highly dynamic chromatin landscape of butterfly wing metamorphosis

Project description:Background: We studied the chromatin accessibility landscsape in wings during butterfly metamorphosis, and investigate which transcription factors might be driving changes in accessibility Methods: We sequencing the Junonia coenia genome, and we studied chromatin accessibility using ATAC seq in multiple stages of wing development in both forewings and hindwings. For sites showing a large change in accessibility, we investigate which motifs are enriched, and correlate this with changes in gene expression of associated transcription factors. We confirm promising candidates with ChIP-seq Results: We find a highly dynamic landscape, with multiple peaks showing a double increase in accessibility throughout development. We show that transcription factor spineless, but not ecdysone receptor, is highly predictive of opening sites Conclusions: This work provides a characterization of the chromatin dynamics of insect wing metamorphosis, identifies novel candidate chromatin remodeling factors in insects, and provides the first genome assembly of the model butterfly Junonia coenia, with gene and cis-regulatory element annotations

2019-04-30 | GSE121734 | GEO

Contrasting roles of transcription factors spineless and EcR in the highly dynamic chromatin landscape of butterfly wing metamorphosis

2019-04-30 | GSE121541 | GEO

Contrasting roles of transcription factors spineless and EcR in the highly dynamic chromatin landscape of butterfly wing metamorphosis

2019-05-07 | GSE121542 | GEO

Contrasting roles of transcription factors spineless and EcR in the highly dynamic chromatin landscape of butterfly wing metamorphosis

Project description:Contrasting roles of transcription factors spineless and EcR in the highly dynamic chromatin landscape of butterfly wing metamorphosis

| PRJNA498283 | ENA

Contrasting roles of transcription factors spineless and EcR in the highly dynamic chromatin landscape of butterfly wing metamorphosis

Project description:Contrasting roles of transcription factors spineless and EcR in the highly dynamic chromatin landscape of butterfly wing metamorphosis

| PRJNA498282 | ENA

Contrasting roles of transcription factors spineless and EcR in the highly dynamic chromatin landscape of butterfly wing metamorphosis

Project description:Contrasting roles of transcription factors spineless and EcR in the highly dynamic chromatin landscape of butterfly wing metamorphosis

| PRJNA497878 | ENA

Contrasting roles of transcription factors spineless and EcR in the highly dynamic chromatin landscape of butterfly wing metamorphosis

Project description:Contrasting roles of transcription factors spineless and EcR in the highly dynamic chromatin landscape of butterfly wing metamorphosis

| PRJNA497879 | ENA

Metamorphosis of a butterfly-associated bacterial community.

Project description:Butterflies are charismatic insects that have long been a focus of biological research. They are also habitats for microorganisms, yet these microbial symbionts are little-studied, despite their likely importance to butterfly ecology and evolution. In particular, the diversity and composition of the microbial communities inhabiting adult butterflies remain uncharacterized, and it is unknown how the larval (caterpillar) and adult microbiota compare. To address these knowledge gaps, we used Illumina sequencing of 16S rRNA genes from internal bacterial communities associated with multiple life stages of the neotropical butterfly Heliconius erato. We found that the leaf-chewing larvae and nectar- and pollen-feeding adults of H. erato contain markedly distinct bacterial communities, a pattern presumably rooted in their distinct diets. Larvae and adult butterflies host relatively small and similar numbers of bacterial phylotypes, but few are common to both stages. The larval microbiota clearly simplifies and reorganizes during metamorphosis; thus, structural changes in a butterfly's bacterial community parallel those in its own morphology. We furthermore identify specific bacterial taxa that may mediate larval and adult feeding biology in Heliconius and other butterflies. Although male and female Heliconius adults differ in reproductive physiology and degree of pollen feeding, bacterial communities associated with H. erato are not sexually dimorphic. Lastly, we show that captive and wild individuals host different microbiota, a finding that may have important implications for the relevance of experimental studies using captive butterflies.

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Two centuries of monarch butterfly collections reveal contrasting effects of range expansion and migration loss on wing traits.

Project description:Migratory animals exhibit traits that allow them to exploit seasonally variable habitats. In environments where migration is no longer beneficial, such as oceanic islands, migration-association traits may be selected against or be under relaxed selection. Monarch butterflies are best known for their continent-scale migration in North America but have repeatedly become established as nonmigrants in the tropical Americas and on Atlantic and Pacific Islands. These replicated nonmigratory populations provide natural laboratories for understanding the rate of evolution of migration-associated traits. We measured >6,000 museum specimens of monarch butterflies collected from 1856 to the present as well as contemporary wild-caught monarchs from around the world. We determined 1) how wing morphology varies across the monarch's global range, 2) whether initial long-distance founders were particularly suited for migration, and 3) whether recently established nonmigrants show evidence for contemporary phenotypic evolution. We further reared >1,000 monarchs from six populations around the world under controlled conditions and measured migration-associated traits. Historical specimens show that 1) initial founders are well suited for long-distance movement and 2) loss of seasonal migration is associated with reductions in forewing size and elongation. Monarch butterflies raised in a common garden from four derived nonmigratory populations exhibit genetically based reductions in forewing size, consistent with a previous study. Our findings provide a compelling example of how migration-associated traits may be favored during the early stages of range expansion, and also the rate of reductions in those same traits upon loss of migration.

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Butterfly wing architectures inspire sensor and energy applications.

Project description:Natural biological systems are constantly developing efficient mechanisms to counter adverse effects of increasing human population and depleting energy resources. Their intelligent mechanisms are characterized by the ability to detect changes in the environment, store and evaluate information, and respond to external stimuli. Bio-inspired replication into man-made functional materials guarantees enhancement of characteristics and performance. Specifically, butterfly architectures have inspired the fabrication of sensor and energy materials by replicating their unique micro/nanostructures, light-trapping mechanisms and selective responses to external stimuli. These bio-inspired sensor and energy materials have shown improved performance in harnessing renewable energy, environmental remediation and health monitoring. Therefore, this review highlights recent progress reported on the classification of butterfly wing scale architectures and explores several bio-inspired sensor and energy applications.

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