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A chromosome-scale assembly of the smallest Dothideomycete genome reveals a unique genome compaction mechanism in filamentous fungi

ABSTRACT: RNA sequencing was applied to compare the transcriptome profiles of mycelium on potato dextrose (PD) for 5days, mycelium on PD for 15days and mycelium on PD + PEG6000 for 15days,

ORGANISM(S): Peltaster fructicola

PROVIDER: GSE121872 | GEO | 2020/04/05

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Small and compact genome of the Peltaster fructicola suggests a low-energy lifestyle on plant surface [PDA15d and DT15d]

Project description:RNA sequencing was applied to compare the transcriptome profiles of mycelium on potato dextrose for 15days (PDA15d) and mycelium on apple surface for 15days (DT15d).

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A chromosome-scale assembly of the smallest Dothideomycete genome reveals a unique genome compaction mechanism in filamentous fungi.

Project description:BackgroundThe wide variation in the size of fungal genomes is well known, but the reasons for this size variation are less certain. Here, we present a chromosome-scale assembly of ectophytic Peltaster fructicola, a surface-dwelling extremophile, based on long-read DNA sequencing technology, to assess possible mechanisms associated with genome compaction.ResultsAt 18.99 million bases (Mb), P. fructicola possesses one of the smallest known genomes sequence among filamentous fungi. The genome is highly compact relative to other fungi, with substantial reductions in repeat content, ribosomal DNA copies, tRNA gene quantity, and intron sizes, as well as intergenic lengths and the size of gene families. Transposons take up just 0.05% of the entire genome, and no full-length transposon was found. We concluded that reduced genome sizes in filamentous fungi such as P. fructicola, Taphrina deformans and Pneumocystis jirovecii occurred through reduction in ribosomal DNA copy number and reduced intron sizes. These dual mechanisms contrast with genome reduction in the yeast fungus Saccharomyces cerevisiae, whose small and compact genome is associated solely with intron loss.ConclusionsOur results reveal a unique genomic compaction architecture of filamentous fungi inhabiting plant surfaces, and broaden the understanding of the mechanisms associated with compaction of fungal genomes.

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