Sexually dimorphic gene expression in the chick brain at stage 29
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Gallus gallus
PROVIDER: GSE12268 | GEO | 2008/09/18
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA113651
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:Biological bases for sexual differences in the brain exist in a wide range of vertebrate species, including the chicken. We examined whether sexually dimorphic gene expression in the brain precedes gonadal differentiation. Using the Affymetrix GeneChip® Chicken Genome Array, we identified many female- and male-enhanced genes that are differentially expressed in sex-specific brains from stage 29 chicken embryos. We postulate that these genes have potential roles in the sexual differentiation of neural function and development in chickens. Experiment Overall Design: All analyses were performed in triplicate. The Affymetrix data from male and female brain samples at stage 29 were generated. The male and female brain samples by genetic sexing were pooled and homogenized. Pooled samples ranged from 5 to 8 embryos. 4g of total RNA from the pooled samples was used for labeling. Probe synthesis from total RNA samples, hybridization, detection, and scanning were performed according to standard protocols from Affymetrix.
2008-11-04 | E-GEOD-12268 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Sexual differentiation in vertebrates is initiated during embryogenesis and leads to the development of individuals into phenotypic males or females. The molecular pathways showing sexual dimorphic patterns have been principally investigated in the gonads. In other organs, much less is known about the gender-associated pattern of gene expression. The brain plays a coordinating role on sexual function in both genders including regulation of reproductive development and maturation through the synthesis of neuropeptide hormones and the regulation of sexual behavior in both males and females. In this study, we aimed at identifying molecular pathways regulated in a gender specific manner in breeding zebrafish in order to generate a greater understanding of the gender specific physiology of the brain. To do so, we measured the gene expression profiles of individual brains of 6 males and 5 females using a 17k oligonucleotide microarray, and interrogated the dataset for genes showing a gender-specific gene expression profile. 42 genes were found to be differentially expressed between males and females from which 18 genes were over-expressed in males and 24 genes were over-expressed in females. Sexually mature fish (6 males and 6 females) were kept in a 15L tank and allowed to breed naturally. After a 20-day period, fish were sacrificed humanly and the brain was extracted, fixed in RNAlater (Ambion) and stored at -20oC until required for microarray analysis. RNA was extracted using the TRI reagent method followed by a LiCl precipitation (Sigma) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Total RNA was amplified and labeled using the Amino Allyl MessageAmp aRNA amplification kit (Ambion). A reference design was used for the array hybridizations. Array analysis was performed according to established protocols (described in Santos et al., 2007) and the data was extracted and queried for differences in gene expression profiles between genders.
2010-05-27 | E-GEOD-6853 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Sexual differentiation in vertebrates is initiated during embryogenesis and leads to the development of individuals into phenotypic males or females. The molecular pathways showing sexual dimorphic patterns have been principally investigated in the gonads. In other organs, much less is known about the gender-associated pattern of gene expression. The brain plays a coordinating role on sexual function in both genders including regulation of reproductive development and maturation through the synthesis of neuropeptide hormones and the regulation of sexual behavior in both males and females. In this study, we aimed at identifying molecular pathways regulated in a gender specific manner in breeding zebrafish in order to generate a greater understanding of the gender specific physiology of the brain. To do so, we measured the gene expression profiles of individual brains of 6 males and 5 females using a 17k oligonucleotide microarray, and interrogated the dataset for genes showing a gender-specific gene expression profile. 42 genes were found to be differentially expressed between males and females from which 18 genes were over-expressed in males and 24 genes were over-expressed in females. Keywords: gender specific gene expression in the zebrafish brain
2008-01-01 | GSE6853 | GEO
Project description:Most Procellariform seabirds are pelagic, breed in summer when prey availability peaks, and migrate for winter. They also display a dual foraging strategy (short and long trips) and sex-specific foraging. The Westland petrel Procellaria westlandica, a New Zealand endemic, is one of the rare seabirds breeding in winter. Preliminary findings on this large and sexually dimorphic petrel suggest a foraging behaviour with no evidence of a dual strategy, within a narrow range and with shared areas between sexes. To investigate further this unusual strategy, the present study determined the fine-scale at-sea behaviours (global positioning system and accelerometer data loggers) and trophic niches (stable isotopes in whole blood) of chick-rearing individuals (16 males and 13 females). All individuals foraged on the shelf-slope of the west coast of New Zealand's South Island with short, unimodal trips. Both sexes foraged at similar intensity without temporal, spatial or isotopic niche segregation. These findings suggest the presence of a winter prey resource close to the colony, sufficient to satisfy the nutritional needs of breeding without increasing the foraging effort or intra-specific competition avoidance during winter. Additional data are needed to assess the consistency of foraging niche between the sexes and its reproductive outcomes in view of anticipated environmental changes.
| S-EPMC7735354 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Sexual dimorphisms in the brain give rise to sex differences in physiology and behavior, yet we have limited understanding of the transcriptomic changes underlying their development. We evaluated developmental transcriptome dynamics for one of the most extreme neuroanatomical sexual dimorphisms in vertebrates - the songbird robust nucleus of the arcopallium (RA). RA is the telencephalic motor output nucleus of the song system. It grows monomorphically for the first few weeks posthatch, then continues growing in males but regresses in females, becoming 5-7 times larger in males. We quantified RA gene expression from monomorphic and dimorphic stages of development in both sexes. Mirroring the morphology, male and female transcriptomes initially resembled one other, then diverged markedly. Thousands of genes showed developmental regulation, corresponding to highly sex-specific biological processes. Males showed enrichments for neuronal growth and morphogenesis, synapse organization, metabolism, and voltage-gated ion channels. Females showed enrichments for cell polarity and differentiation, chemotaxis inhibition, gene silencing, and hormone and immune signaling. Notably, the majority of sex-biased genes in monomorphic RA were sex chromosome Z genes. These findings reveal a profound, sex-specific reorganization of RA’s transcriptome, providing novel insights into potential targets and drivers of sexually dimorphic neurodevelopment.
2022-07-14 | GSE191296 | GEO
Project description:The evolutionary paths taken by each sex within a given species sometimes diverge, resulting in behavioral differences. Given their distinct needs, the mechanism by which each sex learns from a shared experience is still an open question. Here, we reveal sexual dimorphism in learning: C. elegans males do not learn to avoid the pathogenic bacteria PA14 as efficiently and rapidly as hermaphrodites. Notably, neuronal activity following pathogen exposure was dimorphic: hermaphrodites generate robust representations while males, in line with their behavior, exhibit contrasting representations. Transcriptomic and behavioral analysis revealed that the neuropeptide receptor npr-5, an ortholog of the mammalian NPY receptor, regulates male learning by modulating neuronal activity. Furthermore, we show the dependency of the males’ decision-making on their sexual status and demonstrate the pivotal role of npr-5 as a modulator of incoming sensory cues. Taken together, we portray sex-specific plasticity in behavior toward a shared experience by modulating learning.
2024-07-25 | GSE273091 | GEO
Project description:The study is relevant to an understanding of the forces that lead to sex differences in the brain. Many neural and psychiatric diseases affect men and women differently, so the understanding of sex differences in brain function impacts on our understanding of why the male and female brain differ in their susceptibility to disease. Using Affymetrix chicken arrays, we will measure the gene expression in male and female embryonic chicken brain. Gene expression differs in the male and female embryonic chicken brain. 20 male and 20 female chicken embryos will serve as source of brain tissue. In late stage embryos, we will remove the brain tissue and extract total RNA. Four birds will comprise each individual sample. Thus, we will have 5 biologically independent male samples, and an equal number of female samples. Keywords: dose response
2007-03-20 | GSE6844 | GEO
Project description:The study is relevant to an understanding of the forces that lead to sex differences in the brain. Many neural and psychiatric diseases affect men and women differently, so the understanding of sex differences in brain function impacts on our understanding of why the male and female brain differ in their susceptibility to disease. Using Affymetrix chicken arrays, we will measure the gene expression in male and female embryonic chicken liver to compare with previous studies of brain. Gene expression differs in the male and female embryonic chicken liver. Z-linked genes are expressed higher in males than females, in a manner similar to Z-linked genes in the brain. The comparison of brain and liver will demonstrate which sex differences are specific to brain and which are general. 20 male and 20 female chicken embryos will serve as source of brain tissue. In late stage embryos, we will remove the liver and extract total RNA. Four birds will comprise each individual sample. Thus, we will have 5 biologically independent male samples, and an equal number of female samples. Keywords: dose response
2007-03-20 | GSE6856 | GEO
Project description:The study is relevant to an understanding of the forces that lead to sex differences in the brain and other somatic tissues. Many neural and psychiatric diseases affect men and women differently, so the understanding of sex differences in brain function impacts on our understanding of why the male and female brain differ in their susceptibility to disease. Using Affymetrix chicken arrays, we will measure the gene expression in male and female embryonic chicken heart, and compare to previous studies of brain and liver. Gene expression differs in the male and female embryonic chicken heart, liver, and brain. Higher expression of Z-chromosome genes in males is found in heart, liver and brain. Comparison of heart and brain will reveal brain-specific patterns of sex differences, and patterns that apply to multiple tissues. 20 male and 20 female chicken embryos will serve as source of heart tissue. In late stage embryos, we will remove the tissue and extract total RNA. Four birds will comprise each individual sample. Thus, we will have 5 biologically independent male samples, and an equal number of female samples. Keywords: dose response
2007-03-20 | GSE6843 | GEO
Project description:The study is relevant to an understanding of the forces that lead to sex differences in the brain. Many neural and psychiatric diseases affect men and women differently, so the understanding of sex differences in brain function impacts on our understanding of why the male and female brain differ in their susceptibility to disease. Using Affymetrix chicken arrays, we will measure the gene expression in male and female embryonic chicken brain. Gene expression differs in the male and female embryonic chicken brain. 20 male and 20 female chicken embryos will serve as source of brain tissue. In late stage embryos, we will remove the brain tissue and extract total RNA. Four birds will comprise each individual sample. Thus, we will have 5 biologically independent male samples, and an equal number of female samples.
2008-11-08 | E-GEOD-6844 | biostudies-arrayexpress