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Characterization of human erythropoiesis using ex vivo differentiation of CD34 HSC (ATAC-seq)

ABSTRACT: Genome Wides Association Studies (GWAS) have identified tens of thousands of associations between human genetic variation and common disease. Despite the abundance of GWAS associations, functional identification and characterization of causative variants and effector genes remains a challenging prospect. Human erythropoiesis provides a highly tractable model system for the development of tools for GWAS analysis. We have developed a three-phase protocol for differentiation of peripheral CD34+ Haematopoietic Stem Cells (HSC) into mature enucleating erythrocytes. This protocol has been characterized for it’s the changes observed morphologically, immunologically (by FACS) and epigenetically (by ATAC-seq, ChIP-seq, and RNA-seq). We have used this protocol to study the effects of common GWAS variants affecting red blood cell traits, and more severe mutations causing Type-1 Congenital Dyserythropoietic Anemia (CDA-I).

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE125922 | GEO | 2021/05/28

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified a number of novel genetic associations with complex human diseases. In spite of these successes, results from GWAS generally explain only a small proportion of disease heritability, an observation termed the M-bM-^@M-^\missing heritability problem.M-bM-^@M-^] Several sources for the missing heritability have been proposed, including the contribution of many common variants with small individual effect sizes, which cannot be reliably found using the standard GWAS approach. The goal of our study was to explore a complementary approach, which combines GWAS results with functional data in order to identify novel genetic associations with small effect sizes. To do so, we conducted a GWAS for lymphocyte count, a physiologic quantitative trait associated with asthma, in 462 Hutterites. In parallel, we performed a genome-wide gene expression study in lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) from 96 Hutterites. We found significant support for genetic associations using the GWAS data when we considered variants near the 193 genes whose expression levels across individuals were most correlated with lymphocyte counts. Interestingly, these variants are also enriched with signatures of an association with asthma susceptibility, an observation we were able to replicate. The associated loci include genes previously implicated in asthma susceptibility, as well as novel candidate genes enriched for functions related to T cell receptor signaling and ATP synthesis. Our results, therefore, establish a new set of asthma susceptibility candidate genes. More generally, our observations support the notion that many loci of small effects influence variation in lymphocyte count and asthma susceptibility. 96 RNA samples were collected (1 subsequently excluded) from lymphoblastoid cell lines derived from Hutterite subjects chosen to represent the extremes of absolute lymphocyte count. The high and low absolute lymphocyte count groups were balanced with respect to age, gender, and relatedness.

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Characterization of human erythropoiesis using ex vivo differentiation of CD34 HSC (ATAC-seq)

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