Project description:Title: CAMK1D amplification implicated in epithelial-mesenchymal transition in basal-like breast cancer Summary: Breast cancer exhibits clinical and molecular heterogeneity, where expression-profiling studies have identified five major molecular subtypes. The basal-like subtype, expressing basal epithelial markers and negative for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and HER2, is associated with higher overall levels of DNA copy number alteration (CNA), specific CNAs (like gain on chromosome 10p), and poor prognosis. Discovering the molecular genetic basis of tumor subtypes may provide new opportunities for therapy. To identify the driver oncogene on 10p associated with basal-like tumors, we analyzed genomic profiles of 172 breast carcinomas. The smallest shared region of gain spanned just seven genes at 10p13, including calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase ID (CAMK1D), functioning in intracellular signaling but not previously linked to cancer. By microarray, CAMK1D was overexpressed when amplified, and by immunohistochemistry exhibited elevated expression in invasive carcinomas compared to carcinoma in situ. Engineered overexpression of CAMK1D in non-tumorigenic breast epithelial cells led to increased cell proliferation, and molecular and phenotypic alterations indicative of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), including loss of cell-cell adhesions and increased cell migration and invasion. Our findings identify CAMK1D as a novel amplified oncogene linked to EMT in breast cancer, and as a potential therapeutic target with particular relevance to clinically unfavorable basal-like tumors. Overall design: HEEBO oligonucleotide microarrays from the Stanford Functional Genomics Facility were used to perform gene expression profiling of four CAMK1D or control-transfected MCF10A breast epithelial cell line derivatives, in comparison to a universal RNA reference. Gene set enrichment analysis was used to identify CAMK1D-assocatied gene sets. Set of arrays that are part of repeated experiments Cell Line: CAMK1D or vector transfected MCF10A breast epithelial cell line derivatives Biological Replicate Computed

Project description:Title: CAMK1D amplification implicated in epithelial-mesenchymal transition in basal-like breast cancer Summary: Breast cancer exhibits clinical and molecular heterogeneity, where expression-profiling studies have identified five major molecular subtypes. The basal-like subtype, expressing basal epithelial markers and negative for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and HER2, is associated with higher overall levels of DNA copy number alteration (CNA), specific CNAs (like gain on chromosome 10p), and poor prognosis. Discovering the molecular genetic basis of tumor subtypes may provide new opportunities for therapy. To identify the driver oncogene on 10p associated with basal-like tumors, we analyzed genomic profiles of 172 breast carcinomas. The smallest shared region of gain spanned just seven genes at 10p13, including calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase ID (CAMK1D), functioning in intracellular signaling but not previously linked to cancer. By microarray, CAMK1D was overexpressed when amplified, and by immunohistochemistry exhibited elevated expression in invasive carcinomas compared to carcinoma in situ. Engineered overexpression of CAMK1D in non-tumorigenic breast epithelial cells led to increased cell proliferation, and molecular and phenotypic alterations indicative of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), including loss of cell-cell adhesions and increased cell migration and invasion. Our findings identify CAMK1D as a novel amplified oncogene linked to EMT in breast cancer, and as a potential therapeutic target with particular relevance to clinically unfavorable basal-like tumors. Overall design: cDNA microarrays from the Stanford Functional Genomics Facility were used to carry out array-based Comparative Genomic Hybridization (array CGH) analysis of 172 human breast tumor specimens, in comparison to normal female DNA. Map positions for arrayed cDNA clones were assigned using the NCBI genome assembly, accessed through the UCSC genome browser database (NCBI Build 36). The CLuster Along Chromosomes (CLAC) method was used to call DNA gains and losses. Set of arrays that are part of repeated experiments Keywords: Biological Replicate Biological Replicate Computed

Project description:Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is associated with the basal-like breast cancer phenotypes. 60% of basal-like cancers have been shown to express wild-type estrogen receptor beta (ERbeta1). However, it is still unclear whether the ERbeta expression is related to EMT, invasion and metastasis in breast cancer. In the present study, we examined whether ERbeta1 through regulating EMT can influence invasion and metastasis in basal-like cancers.Basal-like breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231 and Hs578T) in which ERbeta1 was either overexpressed or downregulated were analyzed for their ability to migrate and invade (wound-healing assay, matrigel-coated Transwell assay) as well as for the expression of EMT markers and components of the EGFR pathway (immunoblotting, RT-PCR). Coimmunoprecipitation and ubiquitylation assays were employed to examine whether ERbeta1 alters EGFR protein degradation and the interaction between EGFR and the ubiquitin ligase c-Cbl. The metastatic potential of the ERbeta1-expressing MDA-MB-231 cells was evaluated in vivo in a zebrafish xenotransplantation model and the correlation between ERbeta1 and E-cadherin expression was examined in 208 clinical breast cancer specimens by immunohistochemistry.Here we show that ERbeta1 inhibits EMT and invasion in basal-like breast cancer cells when they grow either in vitro or in vivo in zebrafish. The inhibition of EMT correlates with an ERbeta1-mediated upregulation of miR-200a/b/429 and the subsequent repression of ZEB1 and SIP1, which results in increased expression of E-cadherin. The positive correlation of ERbeta1 and E-cadherin expression was additionally observed in breast tumor samples. Downregulation of the basal marker EGFR through stabilization of the ubiquitin ligase c-Cbl complexes and subsequent ubiquitylation and degradation of the activated receptor is involved in the ERbeta1-mediated repression of EMT and induction of EGFR signaling abolished the ability of ERbeta1 to sustain the epithelial phenotype.Taken together, the results of our study strengthen the association of ERbeta1 with the regulation of EMT and propose the receptor as a potential crucial marker in predicting metastasis in breast cancer.

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CAMK1D amplification implicated in epithelial-mesenchymal transition in basal-like breast cancer

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