The intestine harbours functionally distinct tissue-resident and inflammatory Th17 cells
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE130302 | GEO | 2019/06/28
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Inflammation is a beneficial host response to infection, but it also contributes to inflammatory disease if unregulated. The Th17 lineage of T helper (Th) cells can cause severe human inflammatory diseases. These cells exhibit both instability (i.e., they can cease to express their signature cytokine, IL-17A) and plasticity (i.e., they can start expressing cytokines typical of other lineages) upon in vitro re-stimulation. However technical limitations prevented the transcriptional profiling of pre- and post-conversion Th17 cells ex vivo during immune responses. Thus, it is unknown whether Th17 cell plasticity merely reflects change in expression of a few cytokines, or if Th17 cells physiologically undergo global genetic reprogramming driving their conversion from one T helper cell type to another, a process known as “transdifferentiation”. Furthermore, while Th17 cell instability/plasticity has been associated with pathogenicity, it is unknown whether this could present a therapeutic opportunity, whereby formerly pathogenic Th17 cells could adopt an anti-inflammatory fate. Here we used two novel fate-mapping mouse models to track Th17 cells during immune responses to show that CD4+ T cells that formerly expressed IL-17A go on to acquire an anti-inflammatory phenotype. The transdifferentiation of Th17 into regulatory T cells was illustrated by a global change in their transcriptome and the acquisition of potent regulatory capacity. Comparisons of the transcriptional profiles of pre- and post-conversion Th17 cells also revealed a role for canonical TGF- β signaling and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in conversion. Thus, Th17 transdifferentiate into regulatory cells, and contribute to the resolution of inflammation. Our data suggest Th17 cell instability and plasticity is a therapeutic opportunity for inflammatory diseases. We isolated intestinal lymphocytes from two independent experiments, each using 5 mice injected with anti-CD3 mAb. Th17, exTh17, Tr1 exTh17, Tr1, Foxp3 Treg and Foxp3 IL-10+ Treg cell populations were FACS-sorted from these two independent experiments and the cells of each population were pooled before the analysis. Around 5,000 cells for each population were processed.
2015-04-25 | E-GEOD-68242 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Inflammation is a beneficial host response to infection, but it also contributes to inflammatory disease if unregulated. The Th17 lineage of T helper (Th) cells can cause severe human inflammatory diseases. These cells exhibit both instability (i.e., they can cease to express their signature cytokine, IL-17A) and plasticity (i.e., they can start expressing cytokines typical of other lineages) upon in vitro re-stimulation. However technical limitations prevented the transcriptional profiling of pre- and post-conversion Th17 cells ex vivo during immune responses. Thus, it is unknown whether Th17 cell plasticity merely reflects change in expression of a few cytokines, or if Th17 cells physiologically undergo global genetic reprogramming driving their conversion from one T helper cell type to another, a process known as “transdifferentiation”. Furthermore, while Th17 cell instability/plasticity has been associated with pathogenicity, it is unknown whether this could present a therapeutic opportunity, whereby formerly pathogenic Th17 cells could adopt an anti-inflammatory fate. Here we used two novel fate-mapping mouse models to track Th17 cells during immune responses to show that CD4+ T cells that formerly expressed IL-17A go on to acquire an anti-inflammatory phenotype. The transdifferentiation of Th17 into regulatory T cells was illustrated by a global change in their transcriptome and the acquisition of potent regulatory capacity. Comparisons of the transcriptional profiles of pre- and post-conversion Th17 cells also revealed a role for canonical TGF- β signaling and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in conversion. Thus, Th17 transdifferentiate into regulatory cells, and contribute to the resolution of inflammation. Our data suggest Th17 cell instability and plasticity is a therapeutic opportunity for inflammatory diseases.
2015-04-25 | GSE68242 | GEO
Project description:Carbo2013 - Cytokine driven CD4+ T Cell differentiation and phenotype plasticity
CD4+ T cells can differentiate into different phenotypes
depending on the cytokine milieu. Here a computational and mathematical model with sixty ordinary differential equations representing a CD4+ T cell differentiating into either Th1, Th2, Th17 or iTreg cells, has been constructed.
The model includes cytokines,
nuclear receptors and transcription factors that define fate
and function of CD4+ T cells. Computational simulations
illustrate how a proinflammatory Th17 cell can undergo
reprogramming into an anti-inflammatory iTreg phenotype
following PPARc activation.
This model is described in the article:
Systems Modeling of Molecular Mechanisms Controlling Cytokine-driven CD4+ T Cell Differentiation and Phenotype Plasticity.
Carbo A, Hontecillas R, Kronsteiner B, Viladomiu M, Pedragosa M, Lu P, Philipson CW, Hoops S, Marathe M, Eubank S, Bisset K, Wendelsdorf K, Jarrah A, Mei Y, Bassaganya-Riera J
PLoS Computational Biology [2013, 9(4):e1003027]
Abstract:
Differentiation of CD4+ T cells into effector or regulatory phenotypes is tightly controlled by the cytokine milieu, complex intracellular signaling networks and numerous transcriptional regulators. We combined experimental approaches and computational modeling to investigate the mechanisms controlling differentiation and plasticity of CD4+ T cells in the gut of mice. Our computational model encompasses the major intracellular pathways involved in CD4+ T cell differentiation into T helper 1 (Th1), Th2, Th17 and induced regulatory T cells (iTreg). Our modeling efforts predicted a critical role for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) in modulating plasticity between Th17 and iTreg cells. PPARγ regulates differentiation, activation and cytokine production, thereby controlling the induction of effector and regulatory responses, and is a promising therapeutic target for dysregulated immune responses and inflammation. Our modeling efforts predict that following PPARγ activation, Th17 cells undergo phenotype switch and become iTreg cells. This prediction was validated by results of adoptive transfer studies showing an increase of colonic iTreg and a decrease of Th17 cells in the gut mucosa of mice with colitis following pharmacological activation of PPARγ. Deletion of PPARγ in CD4+ T cells impaired mucosal iTreg and enhanced colitogenic Th17 responses in mice with CD4+ T cell-induced colitis. Thus, for the first time we provide novel molecular evidence in vivo demonstrating that PPARγ in addition to regulating CD4+ T cell differentiation also plays a major role controlling Th17 and iTreg plasticity in the gut mucosa.
Author's comment:
CD4+ T cell computational model (Version 1.4)
Steady state corrected. There was a problem in the internalization of IL-17 in its mathematical function.
This model is hosted on BioModels Database
and identified
by: MODEL1304230001
.
To cite BioModels Database, please use: BioModels Database: An enhanced, curated and annotated resource
for published quantitative kinetic models
.
To the extent possible under law, all copyright and related or
neighbouring rights to this encoded model have been dedicated to the public
domain worldwide. Please refer to CC0 Public Domain
Dedication
for more information.
2024-09-02 | BIOMD0000000451 | BioModels
Project description:Sanchez2017 - Inflammatory responses during acute hyperinsulinemia
This model is described in the article:
The CD4+ T cell regulatory
network mediates inflammatory responses during acute
hyperinsulinemia: a simulation study
Mariana E. Martinez-Sanchez, Marcia
Hiriart, Elena R. Alvarez-Buylla
BMC Systems Biology
Abstract:
Obesity is frequently linked to insulin resistance, high
insulin levels, chronic inflammation, and alterations in the
behaviour of CD4+ T cells. Despite the biomedical importance of
this condition, the system-level mechanisms that alter CD4+ T
cell differentiation and plasticity are not well understood. We
model how hyperinsulinemia alters the dynamics of the CD4+ T
regulatory network, and this, in turn, modulates cell
differentiation and plasticity. Different polarizing
microenvironments are simulated under basal and high levels of
insulin to assess impacts on cell-fate attainment and
robustness in response to transient perturbations. In the
presence of high levels of insulin Th1 and Th17 become more
stable to transient perturbations, and their basin sizes are
augmented, Tr1 cells become less stable or disappear, while
TGF? producing cells remain unaltered. Hence, the model
provides a dynamic system-level framework and explanation to
further understand the documented and apparently paradoxical
role of TGF? in both inflammation and regulation of immune
responses, as well as the emergence of the adipose Treg
phenotype. Furthermore, our simulations provide new predictions
on the impact of the microenvironment in the coexistence of the
different cell types, suggesting that in pro-Th1, pro-Th2 and
pro-Th17 environments effector and regulatory cells can
coexist, but that high levels of insulin severely diminish
regulatory cells, especially in a pro-Th17 environment. This
work provides a first step towards a system-level formal and
dynamic framework to integrate further experimental data in the
study of complex inflammatory diseases.
This model is hosted on
BioModels Database
and identified by:
MODEL1606020000.
To cite BioModels Database, please use:
BioModels Database:
An enhanced, curated and annotated resource for published
quantitative kinetic models.
To the extent possible under law, all copyright and related or
neighbouring rights to this encoded model have been dedicated to
the public domain worldwide. Please refer to
CC0
Public Domain Dedication for more information.
2017-06-27 | MODEL1606020000 | BioModels
Project description:Th17 cells are a heterogeneous population that is critical for tissue homeostasis and inflammation during clearance of infections and autoimmunity. Despite substantial efforts distinguishing homeostatic and inflammatory roles of Th17 cells, the mechanism underlying the divergent functions of inflammatory Th17 cells is poorly understood. In this study, we show that the inflammatory Th17 engaged in autoimmune colitis and those involved in infection-induced colitis are two distinguishable populations illustrated by their distinct responses to a pharmacological molecule, clofazimine (CLF). Distinct from existing Th17 inhibitors, CLF selectively inhibits pro-autoimmune Th17 cells while preserving the functional state of infection-elicited Th17 cells through restricting Aldh1l2expression. Using bulk RNA sequencing, we explored transcriptional response to CLF on in vitro differentiated inflammatory and homeostatic Th17 cells. Notably, we identified a unique suppression in the transcription of signature inflammatory genes in Th17 cells with a marginal effect on those elicited by infection.
2023-06-13 | GSE234593 | GEO
Project description:Foxp3+Tregcells are essential modulators of immune responses but under specific conditions can acquire inflammatory properties and potentially contribute to disease pathogenesis. Here we show that the transcription factor Blimp1 is a critical regulator of Foxp3+Treg functional plasticity. The intrinsic expression of Blimp1 was required to prevent Treg from producing Th17-associated cytokines and acquiring an inflammatory phenotype while preserving Foxp3 expression. Mechanistically, Blimp1 acts as a direct repressor of the Il17a/Il17f genes in Foxp3+Treg and binding of Blimp1 at this locus is associated with altered chromatin status, reduced binding the co-activator p300, unaltered binding of the Th17-asssociated transcription factor RORt and more abundant binding of IRF4, which was required for the production of IL17A in Blimp1-deficient Foxp3+Tregcells, as shown by IRF4 siRNA-mediated knockdown. Consistent with their capacity to produce inflammatory cytokines, Blimp1-deficient Foxp3+Treg exacerbate Th17-mediated inflammation in vivo indicating that Blimp1 is required to prevent Treg cells from acquiring pathogenic properties
2019-01-08 | GSE84827 | GEO
Project description:Innate lymphoid cell (ILC) subsets that mirror helper T cells in their effector cytokine profiles have recently emerged as central players in both homeostatic and inflammatory conditions. Like their Th1, Th2 and Th17/Th22 helper T cell counterparts, ILC subsets are categorized based on their expression of specific transcription factors and effector cytokines: group 1 ILC (ILC1) express T-bet and IFN-γ; group 2 ILC (ILC2) express GATA-3 and type 2 effector cytokines such as IL-13 and IL-5; and group 3 ILC (ILC3) express RORgt and the cytokines IL-22 and/or IL-17. Under this nomenclature, natural killer (NK) cells and lymphoid tissue inducers (LTi) are considered ILC1 and ILC3, respectively. ILC1 contain both CD4+ and CD4- populations, but whether this phenotypic characteristic reflects functional differences between these two populations is unknown. These studies examine the gene expression profiles of CD4+ vs CD4- ILC1 in a cohort of healthy control subjects. ILC subsets were isolated from the peripheral blood of healthy control subjects. cDNA was isolated and amplified from sorted populations, and gene expression was analyzed by RNAseq
2015-12-31 | E-GEOD-69596 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Peripherally induced regulatory T cells (pTregs) expressing the retinoic acid receptor-related orphan-receptor gamma t (RORγt) are indispensable for intestinal immune homeostasis. Previous studies have determined the role of the atypical NFκB inhibitor Bcl3 in the development of colitis. In this study we analyzed the influence of Bcl3 on pTreg development and functionality in healthy mice and under colitogenic conditions. Our findings reveal that expression of Bcl3, in health, limits not just the development of pTregs in a T cell intrinsic manner but also the formation of a RORγt+Helios+ double positive subset (DPTreg) expressing an activated transcriptional profile. Consequently, loss of Bcl3 in Tregs does not impede their suppressive capacity in a model of T cell transfer colitis but moreover leads to increased production of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and TGFβ. We further demonstrate that lack of Bcl3 in Tregs results in trans-differentiation towards Th17-like cells. Finally, we provide a Bcl3 dependent gene signature in pTregs including altered signaling of the cytokines IL-2, IL-6 and TNFα. We therefore conclude that expression of Bcl3 regulates the sensitivity of Tregs towards homeostatic cytokines and consequently limits the formation of an unphysiological number of RORγt+ Tregs.
2024-04-01 | GSE241609 | GEO
Project description:Treatment of autoimmune diseases demands a shift from unspecific immunosuppression towards targeted therapies. This could be achieved by turning pro-inflammatory T helper (Th) cells into anti-inflammatory subsets. However, the molecular pathways involved in T cell plasticity and stability are not fully understood. Single cell CRISPR-screens are a powerful tool to simultaneously analyze the impact of multiple genes on cellular phenotypes. To investigate the molecules involved in T cell plasticity in disease settings, we established in vivo single cell CRISPR droplet sequencing (iCROP-seq). By applying this technique to in vivo models of inflammatory diseases in the kidney and intestine, we demonstrate that CRISPR-induced alterations in T cell polarization can be identified and ranked according to corresponding transcriptional perturbations. In particular, we targeted pro-inflammatory Th17 cells in models of immune-mediated diseases and quantified polarization biases into Th1 and regulatory T cells. These findings uncover Th17 to Th1 cell plasticity in the human kidney in the context of renal autoimmunity. iCROP-seq will facilitate the identification of therapeutic targets by highly efficient functional stratification of genes and pathways in a disease- and tissue-specific manner.
2024-06-14 | GSE267740 | GEO
Project description:The drug targets IL23 and IL12 regulate pathogenicity and plasticity of intestinal Th17 cells in Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), the two most common inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). However, studies examining Th17 dysregulation in mesenteric lymph nodes (mLNs) of these patients are rare. We showed that in mLNs, CD could be distinguished from UC by increased frequencies of CCR6+CXCR3-RORg+Tbet-CD4+ (Th17) memory T cells enriched in CD62Llow effector memory T cells (TEM), and their differentially expressed molecular profile. Th17 TEM cells (expressing IL17A, IL17F, RORC and STAT3) displayed a higher pathogenic/cytotoxic (IL23R, IL18RAP, and GZMB, CD160, PRF1) gene signature in CD relative to UC, while non-pathogenic/regulatory genes (IL9, FOXP3, CTLA4) were more elevated in UC. In both CD and UC, IL12 but not IL23, augmented IFNg expression in Th17 TEM and switched their molecular profile towards an ex-Th17 (Th1*)-biased transcriptomic signature (increased IFNG, and decreased TCF7, IL17A), suggesting that Th17 plasticity occurs in mLNs before their recruitment to inflamed colon. We propose that differences observed between Th17 cell frequencies and their molecular profile in CD and UC might have implications in understanding disease pathogenesis, and thus, therapeutic management of patients with IBD.
2019-05-17 | GSE131359 | GEO