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Characterization of Human Pegivirus Infection in Liver Transplantation Recipients

ABSTRACT: Approximately 2% of heathy persons are infected with human pegivirus (HPgV). HPgV is transmitted via vertical, sexual, and blood-borne routes. Recently, the association of HPgV infection with the risk of lymphoma was reported. We examined the prevalence of chronic HPgV infection in liver transplantation (LT) recipients and hepatectomy patients and the influence of HPgV infection after LT on clinical and perioperative factors. We enrolled 313 LT recipients and 187 hepatectomy patients who received care at the Kyusyu University Hospital between May 1997 and September 2017. Total RNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples of patients/recipients collected postoperatively. HPgV RNA was measured using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Of the 313 recipients and 187 patients enrolled in this study, 44 recipients (14.1%) and two patients (1.1%) had HPgV viremia. There was no significant association between HPgV infection and LT outcomes. Interestingly, one recipient was infected with HPgV during the peritransplant period, which was likely transmitted via blood transfusion as HPgV RNA was detected from the blood bag transfused to the recipient during LT. Additionally, HPgV infection induced the upregulation of interferon stimulated gene (ISG) expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). LT recipients had higher HPgV viremia compared to hepatectomy patients. Although HPgV infection was not associated with LT-related outcomes, it induced ISG expression in recipients.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE131504 | GEO | 2019/07/28

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Background: Although the clinical fingerprints of the BK virus (BKV) infection in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) has been well documented, the systemic biological machinery involved in this complication is still poorly recognized. Proteomics analysis of urinary extracellular vesicles (EVs) can allow us to better address this knowledge gap. Methods: Twenty-nine adult KTRs with normal allograft function affected by BKV infection (15 with only viremia, 14 with viruria and viremia) and 15 controls (CTR) were enrolled and randomly divided in a training cohort (12 BKV and 6 CTR) used for the mass spectrometry analysis of the EVs protein content and a testing cohort(17 BKV and 9 CTR) used for the biological validation of the proteomic results by ELISA. Results: Mass spectrometry analysis revealed a large protein enrichment (more than 1500) in urinary EVs of BKV patients and controls. Pathway analysis by GSEA revealed that several biological gene ontologies (including immunity, complement activation, renal fibrosis, tubular diseases, epithelial to mesenchymal transition) were able to discriminate BKV versus CTR. Kinase was the only gene ontology annotation term negatively enriched in BKV (with SLK being the most down-regulated protein in BKV). Statistical analysis, then, identified a core panel of 70 proteins (including DNASE2, F12, AGT, CTSH, C4A, C7, FABP4 and BPNT1) able to discriminate the two study groups. Instead, although a set of proteins were able to differentiate patients with BKV viruria from those with both viremia-viruria, the urinary proteomic profile of these patients resulted quite similar between the two sub-groups. ELISA for SLK and ELISA for BPNT1 and DNASE2 validated proteomics results. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that BK virus infection is able to significantly modify the urinary EVs proteomic profile of KTRs also in a very early stage of the disease (when patients still have normal allograft function and only BK viruria) suggesting, whether possible, to start an early preventive therapeutic approach to minimize the risk of the disease progression. Moreover, some 3 of our identified proteins could be employed in future as early urinary biomarkers and/or new therapeutic targets.

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Characterization of Human Pegivirus Infection in Liver Transplantation Recipients

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