Modeling Human Cancer-induced Cachexia (Human)
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE133523 | GEO | 2019/08/06
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:Cachexia is a wasting syndrome characterized by pronounced skeletal muscle loss. In cancer, cachexia associates with increased morbidity and mortality and decreased treatment tolerance. Although advances have been made in understanding the mechanisms of cachexia, translating these advances to the clinic has been challenging. One reason for this shortcoming may be the current animal models that fail to fully recapitulate the etiology of human cancer-induced tissue wasting. Because pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) presents with a high incidence of cachexia, we engineered a mouse model of PDA, that we named KPP. KPP mice, similar to PDA patients, progressively lose skeletal and adipose mass as a consequence of their tumors. In addition, KPP muscles exhibit a similar gene ontology to cachectic patients. We envision the KPP model will be a useful resource for advancing our mechanistic understanding and ability to treat cancer cachexia.
2019-08-06 | GSE133524 | GEO
Project description:Cancer cachexia and the associated skeletal muscle wasting are considered poor prognostic factors, although effective treatment has not yet been established. Recent studies have indicated that the pathogenesis of skeletal muscle loss may involve dysbiosis of the gut microbiota and the accompanying chronic inflammation or altered metabolism. In this study, we evaluated the possible effects of modifying the gut microenvironment with partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG), a soluble dietary fiber, on cancer-related muscle wasting and its mechanism using a colon-26 murine cachexia model. Compared to a fiber-free (FF) diet, PHGG contained fiber-rich (FR) diet attenuated skeletal muscle loss in cachectic mice by suppressing the elevation of the major muscle-specific ubiquitin ligases Atrogin-1 and MuRF1, as well as the autophagy markers LC3 and Bnip3. Although tight junction markers were partially reduced in both FR and FF diet-fed cachectic mice, the abundance of Bifidobacterium, Akkermansia, and unclassified S24-7 family increased by FR diet, contributing to the retention of the colonic mucus layer. The reinforcement of the gut barrier function resulted in the controlled entry of pathogens into the host system and reduced circulating levels of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) and IL-6, which in turn led to the suppression of proteolysis by downregulating the ubiquitin-proteasome system and autophagy pathway. These results suggest that dietary fiber may have the potential to alleviate skeletal muscle loss in cancer cachexia, providing new insights for developing effective strategies in the future.
2021-11-23 | E-MTAB-11094 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Cachexia is a devastating muscle wasting syndrome that occurs in patients suffering from chronic diseases, most commonly observed in 80% of advanced cancer patients. One of the primary causes of cachexia-associated morbidity and mortality is involuntary muscle wasting. And while many cachexia patients show hypermetabolism, its causative role in muscles had remained unclear. To understand the molecular basis of this muscle wasting, accurate models of cachexia are necessary. Using transcriptomics and cytokine profiling of human muscle stem cell-based models and human cancer-induced cachexia models in mice, we found that cachectic cancer cells secreted many inflammatory factors which rapidly led to higher levels of fatty acid metabolism and the activation of a p38 stress response signature, before the cachectic muscle wasting is manifested. Metabolomics profiling revealed that factors secreted by cachectic cancer cells rapidly induce excessive fatty acid oxidation in human myotubes, leading to oxidative stress, p38 activation, and impaired muscle growth. Pharmacological blockade of fatty acid oxidation not only rescued human myotubes, but also significantly improved muscle mass and total weight in cancer cachexia models in vivo. Therefore, fatty acid-induced oxidative stress could be targeted to prevent cancer cachexia.
2016-05-01 | GSE80081 | GEO
Project description:Cachexia is a devastating muscle wasting syndrome that occurs in patients suffering from chronic diseases, most commonly observed in 80% of advanced cancer patients. One of the primary causes of cachexia-associated morbidity and mortality is involuntary muscle wasting. And while many cachexia patients show hypermetabolism, its causative role in muscles had remained unclear. To understand the molecular basis of this muscle wasting, accurate models of cachexia are necessary. Using transcriptomics and cytokine profiling of human muscle stem cell-based models and human cancer-induced cachexia models in mice, we found that cachectic cancer cells secreted many inflammatory factors which rapidly led to higher levels of fatty acid metabolism and the activation of a p38 stress response signature, before the cachectic muscle wasting is manifested. Metabolomics profiling revealed that factors secreted by cachectic cancer cells rapidly induce excessive fatty acid oxidation in human myotubes, leading to oxidative stress, p38 activation, and impaired muscle growth. Pharmacological blockade of fatty acid oxidation not only rescued human myotubes, but also significantly improved muscle mass and total weight in cancer cachexia models in vivo. Therefore, fatty acid-induced oxidative stress could be targeted to prevent cancer cachexia.
2016-05-01 | GSE80080 | GEO
Project description:Cancer cachexia syndrome is observed in 80% of patients with advanced-stage cancer, and it is one of the most frequent causes of death. Severe wasting accounts for more than 80% in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. Here we wanted to define, by using an microarray approach and the Pdx1-cre;LSL-KrasG12D;INK4a/arffl/fl, the pathways involved in muscle, liver and white adipose tissue wasting. The aim of our work was to characterize as extensively as possible the pathways activated by the pancreatic cancer-induced cachectic tissues. For this purpose, we generated and compared genome-wide expression profiles of white adipose tissue, skeletal muscle and liver, from Pdx1-cre;LSL-KrasG12D;INK4a/arffl/fl and LSL-KrasG12D;INK4a/arffl/fl mice at 10 weeks-old. Tissue samples by triplicate was obtained from liver, muscle and adipose tissues in both groups, controls and cachectic mice. Total RNA samples was processed and profiled on Affymetrix Mouse Gene 1.0 ST arrays as previously described (Cano et al, 2012)
2014-01-10 | E-GEOD-51931 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Cancer mediated activation of the ActRIIB-ALK4/5 heterodimer by myostatin is strongly associated with muscle wasting. Progressive skeletal muscle wasting, with or without loss of adipose tissue, is observed in up to 50 per cent of all cancer patients. This multifactorial syndrome is known as cachexia, and cannot be fully reversed by conventional nutritional support. Cachexia leads to progressive functional impairment. We investigated in vitro and in vivo the efficacy of ALK4/5 receptor blockers like SB431542 in preventing muscle wasting and in this context determined muscle-related miRNA expression profiles in non-tumor bearing control mice, in SB431542 treated C26 tumor-bearing mice and in cachectic C26 tumor-bearing mice.
2018-09-28 | GSE120593 | GEO
Project description:Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can induce immune-related adverse events (irAEs) due to an overly activated immune system, despite their anti-cancer effects. Here, we observe that ICI treatment is associated with body weight loss in cancer patients. Similarly, anti-PD-L1 exacerbates muscle wasting in cancer cachexia (CAC) mice, despite its tumor suppressive effects, suggesting muscle atrophy as a potential irAE. Notably, CD8+ T cells accumulate in the skeletal muscle of CAC mice, which is amplified by anti-PD-L1. These CD8+ T cells directly promote muscle wasting, but their depletion effectively prevents cachectic features in CAC mice. We identify cathepsin L (CTSL) as an inter-organ target capable of suppressing both cancer and muscle wasting, particularly that driven by CD8+ T cells. Indeed, CTSL blockade effectively mitigates muscle wasting and further enhances the anti-tumor activity of anti-PD-L1. Thus, CTSL represents a dual therapeutic target for both cancer and cachexia, offering the potential to prevent muscle-related irAE when combined with ICIs.
2024-10-01 | GSE278013 | GEO
Project description:Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can induce immune-related adverse events (irAEs) due to an overly activated immune system, despite their anti-cancer effects. Here, we observe that ICI treatment is associated with body weight loss in cancer patients. Similarly, anti-PD-L1 exacerbates muscle wasting in cancer cachexia (CAC) mice, despite its tumor suppressive effects, suggesting muscle atrophy as a potential irAE. Notably, CD8+ T cells accumulate in the skeletal muscle of CAC mice, which is amplified by anti-PD-L1. These CD8+ T cells directly promote muscle wasting, but their depletion effectively prevents cachectic features in CAC mice. We identify cathepsin L (CTSL) as an inter-organ target capable of suppressing both cancer and muscle wasting, particularly that driven by CD8+ T cells. Indeed, CTSL blockade effectively mitigates muscle wasting and further enhances the anti-tumor activity of anti-PD-L1. Thus, CTSL represents a dual therapeutic target for both cancer and cachexia, offering the potential to prevent muscle-related irAE when combined with ICIs.
2024-11-15 | GSE278765 | GEO
Project description:Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can induce immune-related adverse events (irAEs) due to an overly activated immune system, despite their anti-cancer effects. Here, we observe that ICI treatment is associated with body weight loss in cancer patients. Similarly, anti-PD-L1 exacerbates muscle wasting in cancer cachexia (CAC) mice, despite its tumor suppressive effects, suggesting muscle atrophy as a potential irAE. Notably, CD8+ T cells accumulate in the skeletal muscle of CAC mice, which is amplified by anti-PD-L1. These CD8+ T cells directly promote muscle wasting, but their depletion effectively prevents cachectic features in CAC mice. We identify cathepsin L (CTSL) as an inter-organ target capable of suppressing both cancer and muscle wasting, particularly that driven by CD8+ T cells. Indeed, CTSL blockade effectively mitigates muscle wasting and further enhances the anti-tumor activity of anti-PD-L1. Thus, CTSL represents a dual therapeutic target for both cancer and cachexia, offering the potential to prevent muscle-related irAE when combined with ICIs.
2024-10-08 | GSE278396 | GEO
Project description:Background: Cancer cachexia (CAC) reduces patient survival and quality of life. Developments of efficient therapeutic strategies are required for the CAC treatments. This long-term process could be shortened by the drug-repositioning approach which exploits old drugs approved for non-cachexia disease. Amiloride, a diuretic drug, is clinically used for treatments of hypertension and edema due to heart failure. Here, we explored the effects of amiloride for ameliorating muscle wasting in murine models of cancer cachexia. Methods: CT26 and LLC tumor cells were subcutaneously injected into mice to induce cancer cachexia. Amiloride was intraperitoneally injected daily once tumors were formed. Cachexia features of the CT26 and LLC models, respectively, were characterized by phenotypic, histopathologic and biochemical analyses. Plasma exosomes and muscle atrophy-related proteins were quantitatively analyzed. Integrative NMR-based metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses were conducted to identify significantly altered metabolic pathways and distinctly changed metabolism-related biological processes in gastrocnemius. Results: The CT26 and LLC models displayed prominent cachexia features including decreases in body weight, skeletal muscle, adipose tissue and muscle strength. The amiloride treatment in tumor-bearing mice distinctly alleviated muscle atrophy and relieved cachexia-related features without affecting tumor growth. The CT26 and LLC cachexia mice showed increased particle density of plasma exosomes which were largely derived from tumors. Significantly, the amiloride treatment inhibited tumor-derived exosome release, which did not obviously affect exosome secretion from non-neoplastic tissues or induce observable systemic toxicities in normal healthy mice. Integrative-omics revealed significant metabolic impairments in cachectic gastrocnemius, including promoted muscular catabolism, inhibited muscular protein synthesis, blocked glycolysis and impeded ketone body oxidation. The amiloride treatment evidently improved the metabolic impairments in cachectic gastrocnemius. Conclusions: Our results demonstrated the efficacy of amiloride in ameliorating cachectic muscle wasting and elucidated the underlying mechanistic rationale for its use as an alternative strategy to improve CAC treatments.
2021-07-14 | GSE173250 | GEO