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Enhancers predominantly control transcription initiation [scaRNA-seq]

ABSTRACT: Gene transcription occurs via a cycle of linked events including initiation, promoter proximal pausing and elongation of RNA polymerase II (Pol 2). A key question is how do transcriptional enhancers influence these events to control gene expression? Here we have used a new approach to quantify transcriptional initiation and pausing in-vivo, while simultaneously identifying transcription start sites (TSSs) and pause-sites (TPSs). When analysed in parallel with nascent RNA-seq, these data show that differential gene expression is achieved predominantly via changes in transcription initiation rather than Pol 2 pausing or elongation. Using genetically engineered mouse models deleted for specific enhancers we show that these elements control gene expression via Pol 2 recruitment and/or initiation rather than via promoter proximal pause release. Using genome-wide analysis we show that enhancers, in general, control gene expression at the stage of Pol 2 recruitment and initiation rather than via pausing.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE138358 | GEO | 2021/02/03

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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