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Nanog regulates Pou3f1 expression at the exit from pluripotency during gastrulation

ABSTRACT: Pluripotency is regulated by a network of transcription factors that maintains early embryonic cells in an undifferentiated state while allowing them to proliferate. NANOG is a critical factor for maintaining pluripotency and its role in primordial germ cell differentiation has been well described. However, Nanog is expressed during gastrulation across all the posterior epiblast, and only later in development its expression is restricted to primordial germ cells. In this work, we unveiled a previously unknown mechanism by which Nanog specifically represses genes involved in anterior epiblast lineage. Analysis of transcriptional data from both embryonic stem cells and gastrulating mouse embryos revealed Pou3f1 expression to be negatively correlated with that of Nanog during the early stages of differentiation. We have functionally demonstrated Pou3f1 to be a direct target of NANOG by using a dual transgene system for the controlled expression of Nanog. Use of Nanog null ES cells further demonstrated a role for Nanog in repressing a subset of anterior neural genes. Deletion of a NANOG binding site (BS) located nine kilobases downstream of the transcription start site of Pou3f1 revealed this BS to have a specific role in the regionalization of the expression of this gene in the embryo. Our results indicate an active role of Nanog inhibiting neural regulatory networks by repressing Pou3f1 at the onset of gastrulation.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE138818 | GEO | 2019/10/31

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Nanog, a core pluripotency factor in the inner cell mass of blastocysts, is also expressed in unipotent primordial germ cells (PGC) in mice1, where its precise role is yet unclear2-4. We investigated this in an in vitro model, where naÃ¯ve pluripotent embryonic stem cells (ESCs) cultured in bFGF/ActivinA develop as epiblast-like cells (EpiLCs), and gain competence for PGC-like fate5. Consequently, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP4), or ectopic expression of key germline transcription factors Prdm1/ Prdm14/ Tfap2c, directly induce PGC-like cells (PGCLCs) in EpiLCs, but not in ESCs6-8. Here we report an unexpected discovery that Nanog alone can induce PGCLCs in EpiLCs, independently of BMP4. We propose that following the dissolution of the naÃ¯ve ESC pluripotency network during establishment of EpiLCs9,10, the epigenome is reset for cell fate determination. Indeed, we found genome-wide changes in NANOG binding pattern between ESCs and EpiLCs, indicating epigenetic resetting of regulatory elements. Accordingly, we show that NANOG can bind and activate enhancers of Prdm1 and Prdm14 in EpiLCs in vitro; BLIMP1 (encoded by Prdm1) then directly induces Tfap2c. Furthermore, while SOX2 and NANOG promote the pluripotent state in ESCs, they show contrasting roles in EpiLCs since Sox2 specifically represses PGCLC induction by Nanog. This study demonstrates a broadly applicable mechanistic principle for how cells acquire competence for cell fate determination, resulting in the context-dependent roles of key transcription factors during development. To characterize Nanog-induced Primordial Germ cell-like cells (PGCLCs), we performed expression analysis of Nanog-induced Day4 PGCLCs compared to male mouse Embryonic Stem Cells (mESCs) and male Day4 PGCLCs which were induced by cytokines. mESCs were maintained in N2B27 2i(CHIR99021 3 ÂµM, PD0325901 1 ÂµM) LIF(1000 U/ml) medium and Day4 PGCLCs were induced in GK15 medium with Nanog induction (0.7 Âµg/ml) or cytokines (BMP4 500 ng/ml, BMP8A 500 ng/ml, SCF 100 ng/ml, EGF 50 ng/ml and LIF 1000U/ml) as previously reported (Hayashi K et al., Cell, 2011).

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Nanog regulates Pou3f1 expression at the exit from pluripotency during gastrulation

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