Similar Datasets
Project description:Transcription through noncoding regions of the genome is pervasive. How these transcription events regulate gene expression remains poorly understood. Here, we report that, in S. cerevisiae, the levels of transcription through a noncoding region, IRT2, located upstream in the promoter of the inducer of meiosis, IME1, regulate opposing chromatin and transcription states. At low levels, the act of IRT2 transcription promotes histone exchange, delivering acetylated histone H3 lysine 56 to chromatin locally. The subsequent open chromatin state directs transcription factor recruitment and induces downstream transcription to repress the IME1 promoter and meiotic entry. Conversely, increasing transcription turns IRT2 into a repressor by promoting transcription-coupled chromatin assembly. The two opposing functions of IRT2 transcription shape a regulatory circuit, which ensures a robust cell-type-specific control of IME1 expression and yeast meiosis. Our data illustrate how intergenic transcription levels are key to controlling local chromatin state, gene expression, and cell fate outcomes.
| S-EPMC7816125 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Transcription levels of a noncoding RNA orchestrate opposing regulatory and cell fate outcomes in yeast
| PRJNA577695 | ENA
Project description:It is established that the transcription factor E2A and its antagonist Id3 modulate the checkpoints consisting of the precursor to the T cell antigen receptor (pre-TCR) and the TCR. Here we demonstrate that Id3 expression was higher beyond the pre-TCR checkpoint, remained high in naive T cells and showed a bimodal pattern in the effector-memory population. We show how E2A promoted T lineage specification and how pre-TCR-mediated signaling affected E2A genome-wide occupancy. Thymi in Id3-deficient mice had aberrant development of effector-memory cells, higher expression of the chemokine receptor CXCR5 and the transcriptional repressor Bcl-6 and, unexpectedly, T cell-B cell conjugates and B cell follicles. Collectively, our data show how E2A acted globally to orchestrate development into the T lineage and that Id3 antagonized E2A activity beyond the pre-TCR checkpoint to enforce the naive fate of T cells.
| S-EPMC3178719 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) play diverse roles in gene regulation controlling key cellular processes, most notably, cell-fate programming {Anderson, 2016 #20;Flynn, 2014 #16;Guttman, 2011 #35;Wang, 2011 #18}. Many long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) act in cis through transcription-coupled chromatin alterations that drive changes in local gene expression { Martens, 2004 #47; Kim, 2012 #74;van Werven, 2012 #57;Hainer, 2011 #73;Kim, 2016 #41;Ard, 2016 #21;Latos, 2012 #7}. How transcription of some lncRNAs leads to activation of gene expression, while others inhibit and repress gene expression remains poorly understood {Kornienko, 2013 #17}. Here we investigated in S. cerevisiae the function of the lncRNA IRT2, which is expressed upstream in the promoter of the master regulator for entry into meiosis, IME1. We report the surprising finding that distinct levels of IRT2 transcription regulates opposing chromatin and transcription states in order to ensure that only diploids, and not haploids, enter meiosis and form gametes. In haploid cells, IRT2 transcription at very low levels is required for the correct induction of the adjacent lncRNA IRT1, which in turn represses the IME1 promoter and prevents meiotic entry {van Werven, 2012 #57}. Low levels of IRT2 transcription stimulates histone exchange delivering acetylated histone H3 lysine 56 (H3K56ac) to chromatin, thereby facilitating chromatin disassembly and recruitment of the transcriptional activator of IRT1, Rme1. Inhibiting IRT2 transcription, or mutations that resulted in cells lacking H3K56ac impairs Rme1 recruitment and IRT1 induction, and consequently haploid cells induce IME1 and undergo a lethal meiosis. In contrast to its function at low levels, increasing IRT2 transcription enhances transcription-coupled chromatin assembly and interferes with IRT1 expression, promoting IME1 expression and meiotic entry in diploid cells {Moretto, 2018 #10}. Thus, transcription of lncRNAs, even at very low levels, can play an important role in regulating gene expression, and changes in lncRNA transcription levels can confer distinct regulatory and cell fate outcomes.
2020-12-15 | GSE138896 | GEO
Project description:Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) play diverse roles in gene regulation controlling key cellular processes, most notably, cell-fate programming {Anderson, 2016 #20;Flynn, 2014 #16;Guttman, 2011 #35;Wang, 2011 #18}. Many long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) act in cis through transcription-coupled chromatin alterations that drive changes in local gene expression { Martens, 2004 #47; Kim, 2012 #74;van Werven, 2012 #57;Hainer, 2011 #73;Kim, 2016 #41;Ard, 2016 #21;Latos, 2012 #7}. How transcription of some lncRNAs leads to activation of gene expression, while others inhibit and repress gene expression remains poorly understood {Kornienko, 2013 #17}. Here we investigated in S. cerevisiae the function of the lncRNA IRT2, which is expressed upstream in the promoter of the master regulator for entry into meiosis, IME1. We report the surprising finding that distinct levels of IRT2 transcription regulates opposing chromatin and transcription states in order to ensure that only diploids, and not haploids, enter meiosis and form gametes. In haploid cells, IRT2 transcription at very low levels is required for the correct induction of the adjacent lncRNA IRT1, which in turn represses the IME1 promoter and prevents meiotic entry {van Werven, 2012 #57}. Low levels of IRT2 transcription stimulates histone exchange delivering acetylated histone H3 lysine 56 (H3K56ac) to chromatin, thereby facilitating chromatin disassembly and recruitment of the transcriptional activator of IRT1, Rme1. Inhibiting IRT2 transcription, or mutations that resulted in cells lacking H3K56ac impairs Rme1 recruitment and IRT1 induction, and consequently haploid cells induce IME1 and undergo a lethal meiosis. In contrast to its function at low levels, increasing IRT2 transcription enhances transcription-coupled chromatin assembly and interferes with IRT1 expression, promoting IME1 expression and meiotic entry in diploid cells {Moretto, 2018 #10}. Thus, transcription of lncRNAs, even at very low levels, can play an important role in regulating gene expression, and changes in lncRNA transcription levels can confer distinct regulatory and cell fate outcomes.
2020-12-15 | GSE138897 | GEO
Project description:Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) play diverse roles in gene regulation controlling key cellular processes, most notably, cell-fate programming {Anderson, 2016 #20;Flynn, 2014 #16;Guttman, 2011 #35;Wang, 2011 #18}. Many long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) act in cis through transcription-coupled chromatin alterations that drive changes in local gene expression { Martens, 2004 #47; Kim, 2012 #74;van Werven, 2012 #57;Hainer, 2011 #73;Kim, 2016 #41;Ard, 2016 #21;Latos, 2012 #7}. How transcription of some lncRNAs leads to activation of gene expression, while others inhibit and repress gene expression remains poorly understood {Kornienko, 2013 #17}. Here we investigated in S. cerevisiae the function of the lncRNA IRT2, which is expressed upstream in the promoter of the master regulator for entry into meiosis, IME1. We report the surprising finding that distinct levels of IRT2 transcription regulates opposing chromatin and transcription states in order to ensure that only diploids, and not haploids, enter meiosis and form gametes. In haploid cells, IRT2 transcription at very low levels is required for the correct induction of the adjacent lncRNA IRT1, which in turn represses the IME1 promoter and prevents meiotic entry {van Werven, 2012 #57}. Low levels of IRT2 transcription stimulates histone exchange delivering acetylated histone H3 lysine 56 (H3K56ac) to chromatin, thereby facilitating chromatin disassembly and recruitment of the transcriptional activator of IRT1, Rme1. Inhibiting IRT2 transcription, or mutations that resulted in cells lacking H3K56ac impairs Rme1 recruitment and IRT1 induction, and consequently haploid cells induce IME1 and undergo a lethal meiosis. In contrast to its function at low levels, increasing IRT2 transcription enhances transcription-coupled chromatin assembly and interferes with IRT1 expression, promoting IME1 expression and meiotic entry in diploid cells {Moretto, 2018 #10}. Thus, transcription of lncRNAs, even at very low levels, can play an important role in regulating gene expression, and changes in lncRNA transcription levels can confer distinct regulatory and cell fate outcomes.
2020-12-15 | GSE138893 | GEO
Project description:Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) play diverse roles in gene regulation controlling key cellular processes, most notably, cell-fate programming {Anderson, 2016 #20;Flynn, 2014 #16;Guttman, 2011 #35;Wang, 2011 #18}. Many long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) act in cis through transcription-coupled chromatin alterations that drive changes in local gene expression { Martens, 2004 #47; Kim, 2012 #74;van Werven, 2012 #57;Hainer, 2011 #73;Kim, 2016 #41;Ard, 2016 #21;Latos, 2012 #7}. How transcription of some lncRNAs leads to activation of gene expression, while others inhibit and repress gene expression remains poorly understood {Kornienko, 2013 #17}. Here we investigated in S. cerevisiae the function of the lncRNA IRT2, which is expressed upstream in the promoter of the master regulator for entry into meiosis, IME1. We report the surprising finding that distinct levels of IRT2 transcription regulates opposing chromatin and transcription states in order to ensure that only diploids, and not haploids, enter meiosis and form gametes. In haploid cells, IRT2 transcription at very low levels is required for the correct induction of the adjacent lncRNA IRT1, which in turn represses the IME1 promoter and prevents meiotic entry {van Werven, 2012 #57}. Low levels of IRT2 transcription stimulates histone exchange delivering acetylated histone H3 lysine 56 (H3K56ac) to chromatin, thereby facilitating chromatin disassembly and recruitment of the transcriptional activator of IRT1, Rme1. Inhibiting IRT2 transcription, or mutations that resulted in cells lacking H3K56ac impairs Rme1 recruitment and IRT1 induction, and consequently haploid cells induce IME1 and undergo a lethal meiosis. In contrast to its function at low levels, increasing IRT2 transcription enhances transcription-coupled chromatin assembly and interferes with IRT1 expression, promoting IME1 expression and meiotic entry in diploid cells {Moretto, 2018 #10}. Thus, transcription of lncRNAs, even at very low levels, can play an important role in regulating gene expression, and changes in lncRNA transcription levels can confer distinct regulatory and cell fate outcomes.
2020-12-15 | GSE138895 | GEO
Project description:It is established that E2A and its antagonist, Id3, modulate developmental progression at the pre-TCR and TCR checkpoints. Here we show at a global scale how E2A promotes commitment to the T cell lineage and how pre-TCR mediated signalling affects E2A genome-wide occupancy. We find aberrant development of CD4 memory-like and TFH-like cells, T-B cell conjugates and, remarkably, B cell follicles in Id3-/-thymi. We also find that Id3-/-CD4 splenocytes exhibit increased numbers of TFH-like cells. We propose a model in which Id3 modulates the naive versus effector/memory cell fate. Collectively, these data show how E2A acts globally to orchestrate T-lineage development and that Id3 antagonizes E2A activity beyond the pre-TCR checkpoint to enforce the naive T cell fate. ChIP-Seq was performed in thymocytes isolated from either untreated Rag2-/-mice (DN3 cells) or Rag2-/- mice injected with anti-CD3e antibody (DN4 cells). ChIP used antibodies against either E2A or H3K4me1.
2011-07-31 | E-GEOD-30518 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Massive technological advances enabled high-throughput measurements of proteomic changes in biological processes. However, retrieving biological insights from large-scale protein dynamics data remains a challenging task. Here we used the mating differentiation in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model and developed integrated experimental and computational approaches to analyze the proteomic dynamics during the process of cell fate determination. When exposed to a high dose of mating pheromone, the yeast cell undergoes growth arrest and forms a shmoo-like morphology; however, at intermediate doses, chemotropic elongated growth is initialized. To understand the gene regulatory networks that control this differentiation switch, we employed a high-throughput microfluidic imaging system that allows real-time and simultaneous measurements of cell growth and protein expression. Using kinetic modeling of protein dynamics, we classified the stimulus-dependent changes in protein abundance into two sources: global changes due to physiological alterations and gene-specific changes. A quantitative framework was proposed to decouple gene-specific regulatory modes from the growth-dependent global modulation of protein abundance. Based on the temporal patterns of gene-specific regulation, we established the network architectures underlying distinct cell fates using a reverse engineering method and uncovered the dose-dependent rewiring of gene regulatory network during mating differentiation. Furthermore, our results suggested a potential crosstalk between the pheromone response pathway and the target of rapamycin (TOR)-regulated ribosomal biogenesis pathway, which might underlie a cell differentiation switch in yeast mating response. In summary, our modeling approach addresses the distinct impacts of the global and gene-specific regulation on the control of protein dynamics and provides new insights into the mechanisms of cell fate determination. We anticipate that our integrated experimental and modeling strategies could be widely applicable to other biological systems.
| S-EPMC5546706 | biostudies-literature
Project description:In eukaryotes, members of transcription factor families often exhibit similar DNA binding properties in vitro, yet orchestrate paralog-specific gene regulatory networks in vivo. The serially homologous first (T1) and third (T3) thoracic legs of Drosophila, which are specified by the Hox proteins Scr and Ubx, respectively, offer a unique opportunity to address this paradox in vivo. Genome-wide analyses using epitope-tagged alleles of both Hox loci in the T1 and T3 leg imaginal discs, the precursors to the adult legs and ventral body regions, show that ~8% of Hox binding is paralog-specific. Binding specificity is mediated by interactions with distinct cofactors in different domains: the Hox cofactor Exd acts in the proximal domain and is necessary for Scr to bind many of its paralog-specific targets, while in the distal leg domain, the homeodomain protein Distal-less (Dll) enhances Scr binding to a different subset of loci. These findings reveal how Hox paralogs, and perhaps paralogs of other transcription factor families, orchestrate alternative downstream gene regulatory networks with the help of multiple, context-specific cofactors.
| S-EPMC9249852 | biostudies-literature