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Gene signature profiles in lung tisses of wild type mice or Nrf2 deficient mice infected with my nontuberculous mycobacteria

ABSTRACT: Background. Nuclear erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2) regulates the expression of antioxidant and detoxification genes and are thought to be important in protection against intracellular pathogens. The aim of this study was to determine the role of Nrf2 in the host defense against Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection in mice. Methods. Wild-type mice and Nrf2-deficient mice were infected with MAC via intranasal inoculation with 1x107 CFU of Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis. At 2 months after infection, the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, lung tissues were collected, then, comprehensive transcriptome analysis in the lungs was performed by RNA-seq. Results. Nrf2-deficient mice were highly susceptible to MAC, compared with wild-type mice. There was no significant changes between genotypes in the level of oxidative stress. In addition, the expression of genes related to Th1 immunity and the proportion of Th1 cells were not changed between genotypes. Comprehensive transcriptome analysis showed that the expression of Nramp1 was much lower in the infected lungs of Nrf2-deficient mice than those of Wild-type mice. The expression of Nramp1 was also much lower in the infected alveolar macrophages of Nrf2-deficient mice than those of Wild-type mice. The result of electron microscopy showed that many infected alveolar macrophages from Nrf2-deficient mice were found to contain a large number of intracellular MAC bacteria compare to alveolar macrophages from wild-type mice, due to inhibition of phagolysosome fusion. Conclusions. This study identified that the Nramp1 regulated by Nrf2 is essential in defining the outcome of MAC disease. Nrf2 is a critical determinant for host resistance to MAC infection as a regulator for the expression of Nramp1.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE144268 | GEO | 2020/12/30

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Background: Johne’s disease is a chronic wasting disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP). Johne’s disease is highly contagious and MAP infection in dairy cattle can eventually lead to death. With no available treatment for Johne’s disease, genetic selection and improvements in management practices could help reduce its prevalence. In a previous study, the gene coding interleukin-10 receptor subunit alpha (IL10Rα) was associated with Johne’s disease in dairy cattle. Our objective was to determine how IL10Rα affects the pathogenesis of MAP by examining the effect of a live MAP challenge on a mammary epithelial cell line (MAC-T) that had IL10Rα knocked out using CRISPR/cas9. The wild type and the IL10Rα knockout MAC-T cell lines were exposed to live MAP bacteria for 48 hours. Thereafter, mRNA was extracted from infected and uninfected cells. Differentially expressed genes were compared between the wild type and the IL10Rα knockout cell lines. Gene ontology was performed based on the differentially expressed genes to determine which biological pathways were involved. Results: Immune system processes pathways were targeted to determine the effect of IL10Rα on the response to MAP infection. There was a difference in immune response between the wild type and IL10Rα knockout MAC-T cell lines, and little difference in immune response between infected and not infected IL10Rα knockout MAC-T cells, indicating IL10Rα plays an important role in the progression of MAP infection. Additionally, these comparisons allowed us to identify other genes involved in inflammation-mediated chemokine and cytokine signalling, interleukin signalling and toll-like receptor pathways. Conclusions: Identifying differentially expressed genes in wild type and ILR10α knockout MAC-T cells infected with live MAP bacteria provided further evidence that IL10Rα contributes to mounting an immune response to MAP infection and allowed us to identify additional potential candidate genes involved in this process. We found there was a complex immune response during MAP infection that is controlled by many genes.

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Gene signature profiles in lung tisses of wild type mice or Nrf2 deficient mice infected with my nontuberculous mycobacteria

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