Stomach-specific c-Myc overexpression drives intestinal-type gastric cancer in mice via AKT/mTOR signaling
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE145583 | GEO | 2021/08/11
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Copy number alterations are crucial for the development of gastric cancer (GC). Here, we identified Transmembrane Protein 65 (TMEM65) amplification by genomic hybridization microarray to profile copy-number variations in GC. TMEM65 mRNA level was significantly up-regulated in GC compared to adjacent normal tissues, and was positively associated with TMEM65 amplification. High TMEM65 expression or DNA copy number predicts poor prognosis in GC. Furtherly, GC patients with TMEM65 amplification or overexpression significantly associated with shortened survival. Ectopic expression of TMEM65 significantly promoted cell proliferation, cell cycle progression and cell migration/invasion ability, but inhibited apoptosis. Conversely, silencing of TMEM65 in GC cells showed opposite abilities on cell function in vitro and suppressed tumor growth and lung metastasis in vitro. Moreover, TMEM65 depletion by VNP-encapsulated TMEM65-siRNA significantly suppressed tumor growth in subcutaneous xenograft model. Mechanistically, TMEM65 exerted oncogenic effects through activating PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway, as evidenced of increased expression of key regulators (p-Akt, p-GSK-3β, p-mTOR) by Western blot. YWHAZ (Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase/Tryptophan 5-Monooxygenase) was identified as a direct downstream effector of TMEM65. Direct binding of TMEM65 with YWHAZ in the cytoplasm inhibited ubiquitin-mediated degradation of YWHAZ. Moreover, oncogenic effect of TMEM65 was partly dependent on YWHAZ. In conclusion, TMEM65 promotes gastric tumorigenesis by activating PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling via cooperating with YWHAZ. TMEM65 overexpression may serve as an independent new biomarker and is a therapeutic target in GC.
2024-01-26 | GSE254012 | GEO
Project description:Stomach-specific c-Myc overexpression drives intestinal-type gastric cancer in mice via AKT/mTOR signaling
| PRJNA607660 | ENA
Project description:Neuroblastoma is a pediatric tumor of the peripheral sympathetic nervous system with a highly variable prognosis. Activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway in neuroblastoma is correlated with poor patient prognosis, but the precise downstream effectors mediating this effect have not been determined. Here, we identify the forkhead transcription factor FOXO3a as a key target of the PI3K/AKT pathway in neuroblastoma. FOXO3a expression was elevated in low stage neuroblastoma tumors and normal embryonal neuroblasts, but reduced in late stage neuroblastoma. Inactivation of FOXO3a by AKT was essential for neuroblastoma cell survival. Treatment of neuroblastoma cells with the dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor PI-103 activated FOXO3a and triggered apoptosis. This effect was rescued by FOXO3a silencing. Conversely, apoptosis induced by PI-103 or the AKT inhibitor MK-2206 was potentiated by FOXO3a overexpression. Further, levels of total or phosphorylated FOXO3a correlated closely with apoptotic sensitivity to MK-2206. In clinical specimens, there was an inverse relationship between gene expression signatures regulated by PI3K signaling and FOXO3a transcriptional activity. Moreover, high PI3K activity and low FOXO3a activity were each associated with an extremely poor prognosis. Our work indicates that expression of FOXO3a and its targets offer useful prognostic markers as well as biomarkers for PI3K/AKT inhibitor efficacy in neuroblastoma. Affymetrix U133 Plus 2.0 profiling of SY5Y-TetR-FOXO3A cells treated with doxycycline and/or the PI3K/mTOR inhibitor PI-103. Each condition profiled in triplicate.
2013-05-01 | E-GEOD-42762 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The mTOR (mammalian Target of Rapamycin) pathway is constitutively activated in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL). mTOR inhibition has been shown to have clinical activity in patients with DLBCL, although overall response rates remain low. We therefore evaluated differences in the transcriptome between DLBCL cell lines with differential sensitivity to the mTOR inhibitor Rapamycin, to (A) identify gene-expression patterns(GEP) capable of identifying sensitivity to Rapamycin, (B) understand the underlying mechanisms of resistance to Rapamycin in DLBCL and (C) identify bioactive molecules likely to synergize with mTOR inhibitors. Using Affymetrix HuGene ST 1.0 microarrays, we were able to identify a gene expression signature capable of accurately predicting sensitivity and resistance to Rapamycin in DLBCL cell lines. Pathway analysis identified the serine/threonine kinase Akt as central to the differentially-expressed gene network. Connectivity mapping of our datasets identified compounds targeting the AKT pathway with a high likelihood of reversing the GEP associated with resistance to Rapamycin. Specifically, we evaluated the HIV protease inhibitor (PI) Nelfinavir, which is known to have anti-cancer and Akt-inhibitory properties, as well as the small molecule Akt inhibitor MK-2206, for their potential to synergize with to Rapamycin in DLBCL. Nelfinavir and MK-2206 caused profound inhibition of cell viability in combination with Rapamycin in DLBCL cell lines. Low nanomolar concentrations of Rapamycin inhibited phosphorylation of Akt and also downstream targets of activated mTOR when used in combination with these Akt inhibitors. These findings have the potential to significantly improve patient selection for mTOR inhibitor therapy, and to improve rates and depths of response. More broadly, they support the use of global RNA expression and connectivity mapping to improve patient selection and identify synergistic drug combinations for cancer therapy. DLBCL cell lines were tested for Rapamycin sensitivity and classified as "sensitive" or "resistant." Genome-wide analysis of all cell lines were performed using the Affymetrix HuGene ST 1.0 Array Platform. Genes with differential expression between sensitive and resistant cell lines were analyzed using Statistical Analysis of Microarrays (SAM) software, and a signature of genes determnined. This signature was found to accurately predict sensitivity or resistance of other DLBCL cell lines, and to identify the protein kinase Akt as central to resistance.
2012-04-29 | E-GEOD-27255 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:BACKGROUND & AIMS: Gastric cancer is the second most frequent cause of death from cancer in the world, diffuse-type gastric cancer (DGC) exhibiting a poor prognosis. Germline mutations of CDH1, encoding E-cadherin, have been reported in hereditary DGCs, and genetic and/or epigenetic alterations of CDH1 are frequently detected in sporadic DGCs. Genetic alterations of TP53 are also frequently found in DGCs. To examine the synergistic effect of loss of E-cadherin and p53 on gastric carcinogenesis, we established a mouse line in which E-cadherin and p53 are specifically inactivated in the stomach parietal cell lineage. METHODS: We crossed Atp4b-Cre mice with Cdh1loxP/loxP and Trp53loxP/loxP mice, and examined the gastric phenotype of Atp4b-Cre+;Cdh1loxP/loxP;Trp53loxP/loxP mice. RESULTS: Non-polarization of E-cadherin-negative parietal cells and proton pump-negative atypical foci were observed in the transgenic mice. Intramucosal cancers and invasive cancers composed of poorly differentiated carcinoma cells and signet ring cells, which were histologically very similar to those in humans, were found from 6 and 9 months, respectively. Fatal DGCs developed at 100% penetrance within a year, frequently metastasized to lymph nodes, and had tumorigenic activity in immunodeficient mice. Gene expression profiling analyses also revealed that DGCs in the E-cadherin/p53-deficient mice resembled human DGCs. CONCLUSIONS: Our mouse line is the first genetically modified mouse model of DGC and very useful for clarifying the mechanism underlying gastric carcinogenesis, and provides a new approach to the treatment and prevention of DGC because of morphological and biochemical similarities with human DGC. Two-condition experiment, Gastric cancer vs. normal gastric mucosal tissues. Biological replicates: pooled control sample from five normal gastric mucosal tissues, three replicates from diffuse-type gastric cancer.
2011-12-04 | E-GEOD-25302 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Purpose: Numerous studies have shown that lncRNAs play vital roles in the development and progression of cancer. However, investigations of lncRNAs in gastric cancer are limited and need to be further pursued. Materials and Methods: According to RNA-seq results of gastric cancer (GC) tissues, we identified a novel lncRNA, C1RL-AS1. qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression level of C1RL-AS1 in paired GC and normal tissues. Nuclear/cytoplasmic fractionation was applied to evaluate the distribution of C1RL-AS1 in GC cells. For functional evaluation, CCK-8, colony formation, transwell, and apoptosis assays were used to determine the oncogenic role of C1RL-AS1. Results: C1RL-AS1 was upregulated in GC tissues, and high expression levels of C1RL-AS1 were associated with poor prognosis. Further in vitro functional assays revealed that silencing C1RL-AS1 attenuated the proliferation rate and migration ability and enhanced the apoptotic rate and the senescence of GC cells. The subsequent underlying mechanistic investigation revealed that Wnt/β-catenin was involved in C1RL-AS1-mediated signaling. Rescue experiments suggested that C1RL-AS1 probably promoted the malignant phenotype via the AKT/β-catenin pathway by downregulating c-Myc. Conclusions: C1RL-AS1 probably exerts its biological function by mediating the AKT/β-catenin/c-Myc pathway, indicating a novel therapeutic target in GC.
2021-12-27 | GSE192468 | GEO
Project description:The mTOR (mammalian Target of Rapamycin) pathway is constitutively activated in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL). mTOR inhibition has been shown to have clinical activity in patients with DLBCL, although overall response rates remain low. We therefore evaluated differences in the transcriptome between DLBCL cell lines with differential sensitivity to the mTOR inhibitor Rapamycin, to (A) identify gene-expression patterns(GEP) capable of identifying sensitivity to Rapamycin, (B) understand the underlying mechanisms of resistance to Rapamycin in DLBCL and (C) identify bioactive molecules likely to synergize with mTOR inhibitors. Using Affymetrix HuGene ST 1.0 microarrays, we were able to identify a gene expression signature capable of accurately predicting sensitivity and resistance to Rapamycin in DLBCL cell lines. Pathway analysis identified the serine/threonine kinase Akt as central to the differentially-expressed gene network. Connectivity mapping of our datasets identified compounds targeting the AKT pathway with a high likelihood of reversing the GEP associated with resistance to Rapamycin. Specifically, we evaluated the HIV protease inhibitor (PI) Nelfinavir, which is known to have anti-cancer and Akt-inhibitory properties, as well as the small molecule Akt inhibitor MK-2206, for their potential to synergize with to Rapamycin in DLBCL. Nelfinavir and MK-2206 caused profound inhibition of cell viability in combination with Rapamycin in DLBCL cell lines. Low nanomolar concentrations of Rapamycin inhibited phosphorylation of Akt and also downstream targets of activated mTOR when used in combination with these Akt inhibitors. These findings have the potential to significantly improve patient selection for mTOR inhibitor therapy, and to improve rates and depths of response. More broadly, they support the use of global RNA expression and connectivity mapping to improve patient selection and identify synergistic drug combinations for cancer therapy.
2012-04-30 | GSE27255 | GEO
Project description:Targeting the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway is a promising therapeutic strategy for breast cancer treatment. However, low response rates and the development of acquired resistance to PI3K-AKT-mTOR inhibitors remain major challenges for successful patient treatment. Here, we show that MYC activation is a central and clinically relevant mechanism of resistance to mTOR inhibitors (mTORi) in breast cancer. Multi-omic profiling of mouse invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) tumors revealed recurrent focal Myc amplification in tumors that acquire resistance to the mTORi AZD8055. The gained MYC activity was significantly associated with biological processes linked to mTORi response. Specifically, MYC counteracted the translation inhibitory effect induced by mTORi by promoting the translation of ribosomal proteins. In vitro and in vivo induction of MYC conferred resistance to AZD8055 as well as the clinically approved mTORi everolimus, both in mouse models of ILC and human breast cancer models. Conversely, AZD8055-resistant ILC cells depended on MYC, as demonstrated by synergistic growth inhibition using mTORi and MYCi combination treatment. Notably, MYC status was significantly associated with poor response to everolimus therapy in metastatic breast cancer patients. Thus, MYC is a clinically relevant determinant of mTORi resistance that may guide the selection of breast cancer patients for mTOR targeted therapies.
2023-05-02 | PXD041927 | Pride
Project description:Mosca2012 - Central Carbon Metabolism Regulated by AKT
The role of the PI3K/Akt/PKB signalling pathway in oncogenesis has been extensively investigated and altered expression or mutations of many components of this pathway have been implicated in human cancers. Indeed, expression of constitutively active forms of Akt/PKB can prevent cell death upon growth factor withdrawal. PI3K/Akt/mTOR-mediated survival relies on a profound metabolic adaptation, including aerobic glycolysis. Here, the link between the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, glycolysis, lactic acid production and nucleotide biosynthesis has been modelled, considering two states - high and low PI3K/Akt/mTOR activity. The high PI3K/Akt/mTOR activity represents cancer cell line where PI3K/Akt/mTOR promotes a high rate of glucose metabolism (condition H) and the low PI3K/Akt/mTOR activity is characterised by a lower glycolytic rate due to a reduced PI3K/Akt/mTOR signal (condition L). This model corresponds to the high PI3K/Akt/mTOR signal (condition H).
This model is described in the article:
Computational Modelling of the Metabolic States Regulated by the Kinase Akt.
Mosca E, Alfieri R, Maj C, Bevilacqua A, Canti G, Milanesi L.
Frontiers in Systems Biology. 2012 Oct 13
Abstract:
Signal transduction pathways and gene regulation determine a major reorganization of metabolic activities in order to support cell proliferation. Protein Kinase B (PKB), also known as Akt, participates in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, a master regulator of aerobic glycolysis and cellular biosynthesis, two activities shown by both normal and cancer proliferating cells. Not surprisingly considering its relevance for cellular metabolism, Akt/PKB is often found hyperactive in cancer cells. In the last decade, many efforts have been made to improve the understanding of the control of glucose metabolism and the identification of a therapeutic window between proliferating cancer cells and proliferating normal cells. In this context, we have modelled the link between the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, glycolysis, lactic acid production and nucleotide biosynthesis. We used a computational model in order to compare two metabolic states generated by the specific variation of the metabolic fluxes regulated by the activity of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. One of the two states represented the metabolism of a growing cancer cell characterised by aerobic glycolysis and cellular biosynthesis, while the other state represented the same metabolic network with a reduced glycolytic rate and a higher mitochondrial pyruvate metabolism, as reported in literature in relation to the activity of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR. Some steps that link glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathway revealed their importance for controlling the dynamics of cancer glucose metabolism.
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2024-09-02 | BIOMD0000000426 | BioModels
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