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Mycobacterium tuberculosis produces small noncoding RNAs that support mycobacterial survival in infected cells [RNA-seq]

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to identify the role of sncRNA-1 using a gain of function approach. It was overexpressed in 3 clones and Total RNA was sequenced in 3 clones that had either the ctl vector or the sncRNA-1 vector. Differentially expressed genes were analyzed.

ORGANISM(S): Mycobacterium tuberculosis

PROVIDER: GSE146227 | GEO | 2020/03/03

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Mycobacterium tuberculosis produces small noncoding RNAs that support mycobacterial survival in infected cells

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

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Mycobacterium tuberculosis produces small noncoding RNAs that support mycobacterial survival in infected cells [miRNA discovery screen]

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Mycobacterium tuberculosis produces small noncoding RNAs that support mycobacterial survival in infected cells

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Mycobacterium tuberculosis produces small noncoding RNAs that support mycobacterial survival in infected cells [miRNA discovery screen]

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Mycobacterial DNA binding protein 1 (MDP1) mediates gene regulation in Mycobacterium tuberculosis variant Bacillus Calmette-Guerin

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Mycobacterium tuberculosis produces pili during human infection.

Project description:Mycobacterium tuberculosis is responsible for nearly 3 million human deaths worldwide every year. Understanding the mechanisms and bacterial factors responsible for the ability of M. tuberculosis to cause disease in humans is critical for the development of improved treatment strategies. Many bacterial pathogens use pili as adherence factors to colonize the host. We discovered that M. tuberculosis produces fine (2- to 3-nm-wide), aggregative, flexible pili that are recognized by IgG antibodies contained in sera obtained from patients with active tuberculosis, indicating that the bacilli produce pili or pili-associated antigen during human infection. Purified M. tuberculosis pili (MTP) are composed of low-molecular-weight protein subunits encoded by the predicted M. tuberculosis H37Rv ORF, designated Rv3312A. MTP bind to the extracellular matrix protein laminin in vitro, suggesting that MTP possess adhesive properties. Isogenic mtp mutants lost the ability to produce Mtp in vitro and demonstrated decreased laminin-binding capabilities. MTP shares morphological, biochemical, and functional properties attributed to bacterial pili, especially with curli amyloid fibers. Thus, we propose that MTP are previously unidentified host-colonization factors of M. tuberculosis.

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Mycobacterium tuberculosis Zinc Metalloprotease-1 Assists Mycobacterial Dissemination in Zebrafish.

Project description:Zinc metalloprotease-1 (Zmp1) from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb), the tuberculosis (TB) causing bacillus, is a virulence factor involved in inflammasome inactivation and phagosome maturation arrest. We earlier reported that Zmp1 was secreted under granuloma-like stress conditions, induced Th2 cytokine microenvironment and was highly immunogenic in TB patients as evident from high anti-Zmp1 antibody titers in their sera. In this study, we deciphered a new physiological role of Zmp1 in mycobacterial dissemination. Exogenous treatment of THP-1 cells with 500 nM and 1 ?M of recombinant Zmp1 (rZmp1) resulted in necrotic cell death. Apart from inducing secretion of necrotic cytokines, TNF?, IL-6, and IL-1?, it also induced the release of chemotactic chemokines, MCP-1, MIP-1?, and IL-8, suggesting its likely function in cell migration and mycobacterial dissemination. This was confirmed by Gap closure and Boyden chamber assays, where Zmp1 treated CHO or THP-1 cells showed ?2 fold increased cell migration compared to the untreated cells. Additionally, Zebrafish-M. marinum based host-pathogen model was used to study mycobacterial dissemination in vivo. Td-Tomato labeled M. marinum (TdM. marinum) when injected with rZmp1 showed increased dissemination to tail region from the site of injection as compared to the untreated control fish in a dose-dependent manner. Summing up these observations along with the earlier reports, we propose that Zmp1, a multi-faceted protein, when released by mycobacteria in granuloma, may lead to necrotic cell damage and release of chemotactic chemokines by surrounding infected macrophages, attracting new immune cells, which in turn may lead to fresh cellular infections, thus assisting mycobacterial dissemination.

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Exosomes carrying mycobacterial antigens can protect mice against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.

Project description:Approximately 2 billion people are infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the etiological agent of tuberculosis (TB), and an estimated 1.5 million individuals die annually from TB. Presently, Mycobacterium bovis BCG remains the only licensed TB vaccine; however, previous studies suggest its protective efficacy wanes over time and fails in preventing pulmonary TB. Therefore, a safe and effective vaccine is urgently required to replace BCG or boost BCG immunizations. Our previous studies revealed that mycobacterial proteins are released via exosomes from macrophages infected with M. tuberculosis or pulsed with M. tuberculosis culture filtrate proteins (CFP). In the present study, exosomes purified from macrophages treated with M. tuberculosis CFP were found to induce antigen-specific IFN-? and IL-2-expressing CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. In exosome-vaccinated mice, there was a similar TH1 immune response but a more limited TH2 response compared to BCG-vaccinated mice. Using a low-dose M. tuberculosis mouse aerosol infection model, exosomes from CFP-treated macrophages were found to both prime a protective immune response as well as boost prior BCG immunization. The protection was equal to or superior to BCG. In conclusion, our findings suggest that exosomes might serve as a novel cell-free vaccine against an M. tuberculosis infection.

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