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Notch2 complements Notch1 to mediate inductive signaling that initiates early T cell development

ABSTRACT: Notch signaling is the dominant intercellular signaling input during the earliest stages of T cell development in the thymus. Although Notch1 is known to be indispensable, we show that it does not mediate all Notch signaling in pre-commitment stages: Notch2 initially works in parallel to promote early murine T cell development and antagonize other fates. Notch-regulated target genes before and after T-lineage commitment change dynamically, and we show that this partially reflects shifts in genome-wide DNA binding by RBPJ, the transcription factor activated by complex formation with the Notch intracellular domain. Although Notch signaling and transcription factor PU.1 can activate some common targets in pre-commitment T progenitors, Notch signaling and PU.1 activity have functionally antagonistic effects on multiple targets, delineating separation of pro-T cells from alternative PU.1-dependent fates. These results define a distinct mechanism of Notch signal response that distinguishes the initial stages of murine T-cell development.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE148441 | GEO | 2020/07/12

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Notch2 complements Notch1 to mediate inductive signaling that initiates early T cell development.

Project description:Notch signaling is the dominant intercellular signaling input during the earliest stages of T cell development in the thymus. Although Notch1 is known to be indispensable, we show that it does not mediate all Notch signaling in precommitment stages: Notch2 initially works in parallel to promote early murine T cell development and antagonize other fates. Notch-regulated target genes before and after T lineage commitment change dynamically, and we show that this partially reflects shifts in genome-wide DNA binding by RBPJ, the transcription factor activated by complex formation with the Notch intracellular domain. Although Notch signaling and transcription factor PU.1 can activate some common targets in precommitment T progenitors, Notch signaling and PU.1 activity have functionally antagonistic effects on multiple targets, delineating separation of pro-T cells from alternative PU.1-dependent fates. These results define a distinct mechanism of Notch signal response that distinguishes the initial stages of murine T cell development.

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Notch2 complements Notch1 to mediate inductive signaling that initiates early T cell development

Project description:Notch2 complements Notch1 to mediate inductive signaling that initiates early T cell development

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Asynchronous combinatorial action of four regulatory factors activates Bcl11b for T cell commitment

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Genome-wide mapping of Notch2 target sites in the embryonic kidney.

Project description:During kidney development, Notch signaling plays multiple roles including promoting differentiation of nephron progenitors that give rise to all of the epithelial cells found in the nephron. Little is known about what genes Notch signaling regulates and how Notch signaling interacts with other transcription factors. To address this, we carried out genome-wide mapping of Notch2, a major Notch receptor required for differentiation of nephron progenitors, in the embryonic kidney.

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Project description:The prototypic interferon (IFN)-inducible transcription factor, IRF1, not only controls expression of IFN genes but also regulates T cell and macrophage fate specification and function. We show that IRF1 expression in B cells is required for marginal zone B (MZB) cell development and T cell independent antibody responses [80% B6.129S2-Ighmtm1Cgn/J (MT) + B6.129S2-Irf1tm1Mak/J (Irf1-/-), B-Irf1-/- chimeras]. While IFNs can induce IRF1 expression in MZB precursors, IFN signaling is not required for MZB cell development [C57BL/6J (B6), B6.129S7-Ifngr1tm1Agt/J (Ifngr1-/-), B6(Cg)-Ifnar1tm1Agt/J (Ifnar1-/-)]. Instead, BCR and TLR signals, which influence MZB commitment, promote IRF1 expression and nuclear translocation in MZB cell precursors. In turn, IRF1 is required for Notch-dependent gene expression in transitional B cells and development of the MZB cell compartment. Thus, T independent MZB-driven antibody responses are regulated by BCR and TLR signals that initiate IRF1-dependent Notch programming of transitional B cells and subsequent commitment of these cells to the MZB lineage.

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DAOY-Notch1/Notch2 knockout: transcriptome comparison

Project description:Hyperactivation of Notch signaling and the cellular hypoxic response are frequently observed in cancers, with increasing reports of connections to tumor initiation and progression. The two signaling mechanisms are known to intersect, but while it is well established that hypoxia regulates Notch signaling, less is known about whether Notch can regulate the cellular hypoxic response. We now report that Notch signaling specifically controls expression of HIF2a, a key mediator of the cellular hypoxic response. Transcriptional upregulation of HIF2a by Notch under normoxic conditions leads to elevated HIF2a protein levels in primary breast cancer cells as well as in human breast cancer, medulloblastoma and renal cell carcinoma cell lines. The elevated level of HIF2 protein was in certain tumor cell types accompanied by down-regulation of HIF1a protein levels, indicating that high Notch signaling may drive a HIF1a-to-HIF2a switch. At the transcriptome level, the presence of HIF2a was required for approximately 21% of all Notch-induced genes: among the 1062 genes that were upregulated by Notch in medulloblastoma cells during normoxia, upregulation was abrogated in 227 genes when HIF2a expression was knocked down by HIF2a siRNA. In conclusion, our data show that Notch signaling affects the hypoxic response via regulation of HIF2a, which may be important for future cancer therapies.

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BCL11B AND COMBINATORIAL RESOLUTION OF CELL FATE IN THE T-CELL GENE REGULATORY NETWORK

Project description:T-cell development from hematopoietic progenitors depends on multiple transcription factors, mobilized and modulated by intrathymic Notch signaling. Key aspects of T-cell specification network architecture have been illuminated through recent reports defining the roles of transcription factors PU.1, GATA-3, and E2A, their interactions with Notch signaling, and roles of Runx1, TCF-1, and Hes1, providing the basis for a comprehensively updated model of the T-cell specification gene regulatory network (GRN). However, the role of lineage commitment factor Bcl11b has been unclear. We use Self-Organizing Maps (SOM) on 63 RNA-seq datasets from normal and perturbed T-cell development to identify positive and negative regulation targets of Bcl11b during commitment and relate them to other regulomes. Both activation and repression targets can be bound by Bcl11b in vivo, but both depend strongly on developmental context. The newly clarified role of Bcl11b distinguishes discrete components of commitment, resolving how innate lymphoid cell, myeloid and dendritic, and B cell fate alternatives are excluded by different mechanisms.

2017-02-13 | GSE93572 | GEO

Asynchronous combinatorial action of four regulatory factors activates Bcl11b for T cell commitment

Project description:During T cell development, multipotent progenitors relinquish competence for other fates and commit to the T cell lineage by turning on Bcl11b, which encodes a transcription factor. To clarify lineage commitment mechanisms, we followed developing T cells at the single-cell level using Bcl11b knock-in fluorescent reporter mice. Notch signaling and Notch activated transcription factors collaborate to activate Bcl11b expression irrespectively of Notch-dependent proliferation. These inputs work via three distinct, asynchronous mechanisms: an early locus ‘poising’ function dependent on TCF-1 and GATA-3, a stochastic-permissivity function dependent on Notch signaling, and a separate amplitude-control function dependent on Runx1, a factor already present in multipotent progenitors. Despite their necessity for Bcl11b activation, these inputs act in a stage specific manner, providing a multitiered mechanism for developmental gene regulation.

2016-06-27 | GSE76606 | GEO

Cell-context dependent Notch target genes

Project description:Notch signaling regulates a variety of developmental cell fates decisions in a cell-context dependent manner. Although Notch signaling directly regulates transcription via the RBP-J/CSL DNA binding protein, little is known about the genes in the respective tissues that are directly activated by Notch. To analyze how Notch signaling mediates its context dependent functions, we utilized a Tamoxifen(OHT)-inducible system (NERT) to activate Notch1 in embryonic stem cells (ESC) at different stages of mesodermal differentiation combined with global transcriptional analyses.

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Notch1 and Notch2 signaling from distinct cellular sources exclusively but cooperatively regulate fetal myogenesis

Project description:During developmental myogenesis, some continuously proliferating myogenic progenitors (MPs) sustain stem/progenitor states while the rest differentiate into myocytes to form myofibers by fusion. To generate sufficient muscle, fine regulations of cell fate decision of MPs are crucial. Notch signaling has been known to regulate embryonic MPs (eMPs) that play a role in primary myogenesis by promoting cell cycle exit and suppressing premature differentiation. However, the role of Notch signaling in fetal MPs (fMPs) during secondary myogenesis is elusive because the development of fMPs already has been abrogated in Notch manipulation models. In this study, we investigated the role of Notch signaling in fMPs at an individual Notch receptor level. Surprisingly we found that Notch1 and Notch2, most similar among four Notch receptors, distinctly regulate fMPs: Notch1 induces cell cycle exit and Notch2 suppresses premature differentiation, presumably by canonical Notch signaling pathway. Additionally, we suggest that Notch1 and Notch2 signals are regulated by the ligands on myofibers and MP-lineage cells, respectively. This study will lay the groundwork for the in-depth understanding of Notch signaling in muscle formation from embryonic myogenesis to adult muscle regeneration.

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