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Recurrent evolution of vertebrate transcription factors via transposase capture

ABSTRACT: This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

ORGANISM(S): Myotis velifer

PROVIDER: GSE148789 | GEO | 2020/05/08

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Recurrent evolution of vertebrate transcription factors by transposase capture.

Project description:Genes with novel cellular functions may evolve through exon shuffling, which can assemble novel protein architectures. Here, we show that DNA transposons provide a recurrent supply of materials to assemble protein-coding genes through exon shuffling. We find that transposase domains have been captured-primarily via alternative splicing-to form fusion proteins at least 94 times independently over the course of ~350 million years of tetrapod evolution. We find an excess of transposase DNA binding domains fused to host regulatory domains, especially the Krüppel-associated box (KRAB) domain, and identify four independently evolved KRAB-transposase fusion proteins repressing gene expression in a sequence-specific fashion. The bat-specific KRABINER fusion protein binds its cognate transposons genome-wide and controls a network of genes and cis-regulatory elements. These results illustrate how a transcription factor and its binding sites can emerge.

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Recurrent evolution of vertebrate transcription factors via transposase capture [PRO-Seq]

Project description:How novel genes and cellular functions evolve is a central question in biology. Exon shuffling represents a potent mechanism to assemble new protein architectures. Here we show that DNA transposons, which are mobile and pervasive in genomes, have provided a recurrent supply of both exons and splice sites to assemble novel protein-coding genes in vertebrates. We find that transposase domains have been captured, primarily via alternative splicing, to form new fusion proteins at least 99 times independently over ~350 million years of tetrapod evolution. Evolution favors fusion of transposase DNA-binding domains to host regulatory domains, especially the Krüppel-associated Box (KRAB), suggesting transposase capture frequently yields new transcriptional repressors. Consistent with this model, we show that four KRAB-transposase fusion proteins born independently in different mammalian lineages repress gene expression in a sequence-specific fashion. Genetic knockout and rescue of the bat-specific KRABINER fusion protein in cell culture demonstrates that it binds its cognate transposons genome wide and controls a network of genes and cis-regulatory elements. Transposase capture is thus a powerful mechanism whereby transcription factors and their associated cis-regulatory networks can evolve by repurposing DNA transposon families, which provide both DNA binding domains and pre-existing genomic binding sites.

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Project description:Recurrent evolution of vertebrate transcription factors via transposase capture

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