Tuning the 3D-microenvironment of reprogrammed tubule cells enhances biomimetic modeling of polycystic kidney disease.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE148840 | GEO | 2022/11/22
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is characterized by the formation of multiple fluid-filled cysts that destroy the kidney architecture resulting in end-stage renal failure. Mutations in the ADPKD genes PKD1 and PKD2 account for nearly all the cases of ADPKD. Increased cell proliferation is one of the key features of the disease. Several studies indicated that polycystin-1, the product of PKD1, regulates cellular proliferation through various signaling pathways, but little is known about the role played by polycystin-2, the product of PKD2. Recently, it was reported that as with polycystin-1, polycystin-2 can acts as a negative regulator of cell growth by modulating the levels of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, p21 and the activity of the cyclin-dependent kinase 2, Cdk2. In this study we utilized different kidney cell lines expressing wild-type and mutant PKD2 as well as primary tubular epithelial cells isolated from a PKD transgenic rat to further explore the contribution of the p21/Cdk2 pathway in ADPKD proliferation. Surprisingly, over-expression of wild-type PKD2 in renal cell lines failed to inactivate Cdk2 activity and consequently had no effect on cell proliferation. On the other hand, expression of mutated PKD2 augmented proliferation only in the primary tubular epithelial cells of a rat model but this was independent of STAT-1/p21 pathway. Genome-wide expression analysis in these cells revealed that expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, p57 is downregulated, while p21 remains unchanged. This p57 reduction is accompanied by an increase in Cdk2 levels. Our results indicate the probable involvement of p57 on epithelial cell proliferation in polycystic kidney disease. In addition, it confirms that PKD2-induced proliferation is a multifactorial process. We used microarrays to study the modulation of gene expression by mutated PKD2 in the primary tubular epithelial cells of a transgenic rat mode Keywords: transgene Gene expression in the primary tubular epithelial of a transgenic rat mode with mutated PKD2 was compared with that of SD control rats
2010-05-19 | E-GEOD-11500 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most prevalent potentially lethal monogenic disorder. Mutations in the PKD1 gene, which encodes polycystin-1 (PC1), account for approximately 78% of cases. PC1 is a large 462-kDa protein that undergoes cleavage in its N and C-terminal domains. C-terminal cleavage produces fragments that translocate to mitochondria. We show that transgenic expression of a protein corresponding to the final 200 amino acid (aa) residues of PC1 in two Pkd1-KO orthologous murine models of ADPKD suppresses cystic phenotype and preserves renal function. This suppression depends upon an interaction between the C-terminal tail of PC1 and the mitochondrial enzyme Nicotinamide Nucleotide Transhydrogenase (NNT). This interaction modulates tubular/cyst cell proliferation, the metabolic profile, mitochondrial function, and the redox state. Together, these results suggest that a short fragment of PC1 is sufficient to suppress cystic phenotype and open the door to the exploration of gene therapy strategies for ADPKD.
2023-02-17 | PXD040210 | Pride
Project description:Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is characterized by mutations in either the PKD1 or PKD2 genes leading to progressive cyst growth and often ESKD. We have previously demonstrated that with loss of Pkd1 the tubules can enlarge without an increase in tubular cell numbers, suggesting that tubular basement membrane remodeling is important for cystic dilation. Here we compared the transcriptomes from inducible tubule-specific knock out of Pkd1 (PkdTKO) and the uninduced littermate mice kidneys as controls. RNA sequencing revealed significant upregulation of 17 metalloproteinases. Of these, A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin Motif 1 (Adamts1), expressed primarily by the proximal tubule, is the most significantly upregulated following loss of Pkd1 expression. Upregulation of Adamts1 in PkdTKO kidneys correlated with a significant increase in the 70 kDa cleavage product of the V1 isoform of versican, which localized to the tubule basement membrane (TBM) and adjacent interstitial mononuclear cells. Simultaneous deletion of both Adamts1 and Pkd1 (P/ATKO) reduced Adamts1 expression levels by >90%, prevented V1 versican cleavage, and reduced interstitial macrophage accumulation and activation. P/ATKO mice demonstrated slower cystic enlargement, improved BUN and creatinine and better survival than did PkdTKO mice. In conclusion, preventing Adamts1 upregulation following loss of tubular Pkd1 expression effectively reduced macrophage accumulation and TBM remodeling, slowing cyst growth and preserving renal function.
2024-09-30 | GSE270531 | GEO
Project description:Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is characterized by the formation of multiple fluid-filled cysts that destroy the kidney architecture resulting in end-stage renal failure. Mutations in the ADPKD genes PKD1 and PKD2 account for nearly all the cases of ADPKD. Increased cell proliferation is one of the key features of the disease. Several studies indicated that polycystin-1, the product of PKD1, regulates cellular proliferation through various signaling pathways, but little is known about the role played by polycystin-2, the product of PKD2. Recently, it was reported that as with polycystin-1, polycystin-2 can acts as a negative regulator of cell growth by modulating the levels of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, p21 and the activity of the cyclin-dependent kinase 2, Cdk2. In this study we utilized different kidney cell lines expressing wild-type and mutant PKD2 as well as primary tubular epithelial cells isolated from a PKD transgenic rat to further explore the contribution of the p21/Cdk2 pathway in ADPKD proliferation. Surprisingly, over-expression of wild-type PKD2 in renal cell lines failed to inactivate Cdk2 activity and consequently had no effect on cell proliferation. On the other hand, expression of mutated PKD2 augmented proliferation only in the primary tubular epithelial cells of a rat model but this was independent of STAT-1/p21 pathway. Genome-wide expression analysis in these cells revealed that expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, p57 is downregulated, while p21 remains unchanged. This p57 reduction is accompanied by an increase in Cdk2 levels. Our results indicate the probable involvement of p57 on epithelial cell proliferation in polycystic kidney disease. In addition, it confirms that PKD2-induced proliferation is a multifactorial process. We used microarrays to study the modulation of gene expression by mutated PKD2 in the primary tubular epithelial cells of a transgenic rat mode Keywords: transgene
2009-04-30 | GSE11500 | GEO
Project description:Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is an important cause of end stage renal disease for which there is no proven therapy 1. Mutations at PKD1 are the principal cause of disease. The disease begins in utero2 and is slowly progressive but it is not known whether cystogenesis is an ongoing process during adult life. We now show that inactivation of Pkd1 in mice prior to post-natal day 13 results in severely cystic kidneys within three weeks, whereas inactivation at day 14 and later results in cysts only after five months. We found that cellular proliferation was not appreciably higher in cystic specimens than in age-matched controls but that the abrupt change in response to Pkd1 inactivation corresponded with a previously unrecognized brake point during renal growth and significant changes in gene expression. These findings suggest that the effects of Pkd1 inactivation are defined by a developmental switch that signals the end of the terminal renal maturation process. These studies show that Pkd1 regulates tubular morphology in both developing and adult kidney but the pathologic consequences of inactivation are defined by the organ’s developmental status, with important clinical implications for our understanding of disease and our approach to therapy. Keywords: Developmental status comparison
2007-12-01 | GSE9167 | GEO
Project description:Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a debilitating disease that is characterized by the accumulation of numerous fluid-filled cysts in the kidney. ADPKD is primarily caused by mutations in two genes, PKD1 and PKD2. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) – defined by a length >200 nucleotides and absence of a long open reading frame – have recently emerged as epigenetic regulators of development and disease; however, their involvement in PKD has not been explored previously. Here, we performed deep RNA sequencing to identify lncRNAs that are dysregulated in two orthologous mouse models of ADPKD (kidney-specific Pkd1 and Pkd2 mutant mice). We identified a kidney- specific, evolutionarily-conserved lncRNA called Hoxb3os that was downregulated in cystic kidneys from Pkd1 and Pkd2 mutant mice. The human ortholog HOXB3-AS1 was downregulated in cystic kidneys from ADPKD patients. Hoxb3os was highly expressed in renal tubules in adult wild- type mice, whereas its expression was lost in the cyst epithelium of mutant mice. To investigate the function of Hoxb3os, we utilized CRISR/Cas9 to knockout its expression in mIMCD3 cells. Deletion of Hoxb3os resulted in increased phosphorylation of mTOR and its downstream targets, including p70 S6 kinase, ribosomal protein S6, and the translation repressor 4E-BP1. Consistent with activation of mTORC1 signaling, Hoxb3os mutant cells displayed increased mitochondrial respiration. The Hoxb3os mutant phenotype was partially rescued upon re- expression of Hoxb3os in knockout cells. These findings identify Hoxb3os as a novel lncRNA that is downregulated in ADPKD and regulates mTOR signaling and mitochondrial respiration.
2018-04-30 | GSE108864 | GEO
Project description:Pkd1-/- renal epithelial cells are exposed to mechanical forces due to flow-induced shear stress within the nephrons. We applied RNA sequencing to get a comprehensive overview of fluid-shear regulated genes and pathways in the immortalized Pkd1-/- renal proximal tubular epithelial cell line. Cells were exposed to laminar fluid shear stress (1.9 dyn/cm2) in a cone-plate device and compared to static controls.
2019-03-01 | E-MTAB-6641 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Induced renal epithelial cells were obtained by direct reprogramming of murine fibroblasts. Their expression profile was compared to control fibroblasts and primary renal tubular epithelial cells.
2016-07-01 | E-MTAB-3648 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:DNA methylation aberrancies are found in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) which suggest the methylome to be a promising therapeutic target. However, the impact of combining DNA methylation inhibitors (DNMTi) and ADPKD drugs in treating ADPKD and on disease-associated methylation patterns has not been fully explored. To test this, ADPKD drugs, metformin and tolvaptan (MT), were delivered in combination with DNMTi 5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine (Aza) to 2D or 3D cystic Pkd1 heterozygous renal epithelial cells (PKD1-Het cells) as free drugs or within nanoparticles to enable direct delivery for future in vivo applications. We found Aza synergizes with MT to reduce cell viability and cystic growth. Reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) was performed across 4 groups: PBS, Free-Aza (Aza), Free-Aza+MT (F-MTAza), and Nanoparticle-Aza+MT (NP-MTAza). Global methylation patterns showed that while Aza alone induces a unimodal intermediate methylation landscape, Aza+MT recovers the bimodality reminiscent of somatic methylomes. Importantly, site-specific methylation changes associated with F-MTAza and NP-MTAza were largely conserved including hypomethylation at ADPKD-associated genes. Notably, we report hypomethylation of cancer-associated genes implicated in ADPKD pathogenesis as well as new target genes that may provide additional therapeutic effects. Overall, this study motivates future work to further elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of observed drug synergy and apply these combination therapies in vivo.
2023-05-10 | GSE202065 | GEO
Project description:Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is characterized by cyst formation throughout the kidney parenchyma. It is caused by mutations in either of two genes, PKD1 and PKD2. Mice that lack functional Pkd1 (Pkd1null/null), develop rapidly progressive cystic disease during embryogenesis, and serve as a model to study human ADPKD. We examined the molecular pathways that modulate renal cyst growth in the Pkd1null/null model by performing global gene-expression profiling in embryonic kidneys at day 14 and 17. Gene Ontology and gene set enrichment analysis were used to identify overrepresented signaling pathways in Pkd1null/null kidneys. We found dysregulation of developmental, metabolic, and signaling pathways (e.g. Wnt, calcium, TGF-b and MAPK) in Pkd1null/null kidneys. Total RNA were obtained from kidneys of wild-type and Pkd1null/null animals at embryonic ages 14.5 and 17.5.
2011-04-30 | E-GEOD-24352 | biostudies-arrayexpress