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AP-1 subunits converge promiscuously at enhancers to potentiate transcription

ABSTRACT: The AP-1 transcription factor dimer contributes to many biological processes and environmental responses. The many ways that AP-1 subunits can dimerize has posed a challenge to understanding its regulatory function. To determine patterns of AP-1 dimerization genome-wide, we definitively establish the genome-wide binding patterns and the enhancer function of five AP-1 subunits. We find limited evidence for strong dimerization preferences between specific subunits. In particular, our analysis suggests that canonical AP-1 motifs have the potential to recruit all AP-1 subunits to genomic sites that also have hallmarks of strong enhancer activity. We term those sites AP-1 hotspots. AP-1 hotspots function as a ‘hub' for AP-1 subunit binding that elicits changes in cell-type specific AP-1-mediated gene expression. AP-1 hotspots are more predictive of genomic responses to glucocorticoid signaling than super enhancers, and are particularly enriched in disease-associated genetic variants. Together, these results support a model that promiscuous convergence of many subunits to common genomic locations potentiates AP-1-mediated transcription in a cell-type specific fashion.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE153254 | GEO | 2021/03/04

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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