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MiR-181b Targets Semaphorin 3a to Mediate TGF-β-induced Endothelial to Mesenchymal Transition: Implication in Atrial Fibrillation

ABSTRACT: Background:This study investigated if and how atrial endothelial cells may transform to mesenchymal cells and contribute to atrial fibrosis via endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT). Results:We show a novel mechanistic link between TGF-β1/SMAD signaling and decreased Sema3a expression through the induction of miR-181b; this pathway plays an important role in EndMT associated with the pathogenesis of AF. Both miR-181b and Sema3a are potential therapeutic targets in AF.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE156835 | GEO | 2022/04/13

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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MiR-181b targets semaphorin 3a to mediate TGF-β-induced endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition related to atrial fibrillation

Project description:Background:This study investigated if and how atrial endothelial cells may transform to mesenchymal cells and contribute to atrial fibrosis via endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT). Results:We show a novel mechanistic link between TGF-β1/SMAD signaling and decreased Sema3a expression through the induction of miR-181b; this pathway plays an important role in EndMT associated with the pathogenesis of AF. Both miR-181b and Sema3a are potential therapeutic targets in AF.

2022-04-27 | GSE201318 | GEO

MiR-181b Targets Semaphorin 3a to Mediate TGF-β-induced Endothelial to Mesenchymal Transition: Implication in Atrial Fibrillation

Project description:MiR-181b Targets Semaphorin 3a to Mediate TGF-β-induced Endothelial to Mesenchymal Transition: Implication in Atrial Fibrillation

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MiR-181b targets semaphorin 3a to mediate TGF-β-induced endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition related to atrial fibrillation

Project description:MiR-181b targets semaphorin 3a to mediate TGF-β-induced endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition related to atrial fibrillation

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TNF-M-NM-1 treated HUVECs: microRNA negative control VS. miR-181b

Project description:Transcriptional profiling of TNF-M-NM-1 treated HUVECs comparing cells transfected microRNA negative control with cells transfected with miR-181b. Two-condition experiment, miR negative control VS. miR-181b transfected HUVECs. Biological replicates: 4 replicates of comparison of miR negative control VS. miR-181b

2012-05-15 | E-GEOD-35030 | biostudies-arrayexpress

TNF-α treated HUVECs: microRNA negative control VS. miR-181b

Project description:Transcriptional profiling of TNF-α treated HUVECs comparing cells transfected microRNA negative control with cells transfected with miR-181b.

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atrial appendage RNA-seq in non-, paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation

Project description:Understanding the interconnectedness of structural remodelling processes atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients could identify targets for future therapies. These data include transcriptome sequencing of atrial tissues of patients without AF, with paroxysmal AF and persistent AF (total n=64). In AF patients, epicardial cell gene expression decreased, contrasting with an upregulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and mesenchymal cell gene expression. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated thickening of the epicardium and an increased proportion of (myo)fibroblast-like cells in the myocardium, supporting enhanced EMT in AF. We furthermore report an upregulation of endothelial cell proliferation, angiogenesis and endothelial signalling. EMT and endothelial cell proliferation concurred with increased interstitial (myo)fibroblast-like cells and extracellular matrix gene expression including enhanced tenascin-c, thrombospondins, biglycan and versican. Morphological analysis discovered increased and redistributed glycosaminoglycans and collagens in the atria of AF patients. Signalling pathways, including cell-matrix interactions, PI3K-AKT and Notch signalling, that could regulate mesenchymal cell activation, were upregulated. These dynamic processes may provide targets to prevent or reverse structural remodelling.

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Atrial myocytes-derived exosomal microRNA contributes to atrial fibrosis in atrial fibrillation

Project description:Background Atrial fibrosis plays a critical role in the development of atrial fibrillation (AF). Exosome is a promising cell-free therapeutic approach for the treatment of AF. The purpose of this study was to explore the mechanisms underlying exosomes derived from atrial myocytes regulated atrial remodeling and ask whether their manipulation allows for therapeutic modulation of fibrosis potential abnormalities during AF. Methods We isolated exosomes from atrial myocytes and patients serum, microRNA (miRNA) sequencing analyzed the exosomal miRNAs in atrial myocytes-exosomes and patients serum-exosomes. mRNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis corroborate the key gene as direct targets of miR-210-3p. Results The miRNAs sequencing analysis identified that miR-210-3p expression significantly increased in exosomes of tachypacing atrial myocytes and serum of AF patients. In vitro, the analysis showed that miR-210-3p inhibitor reversed tachypacing-induced proliferation and collagen synthesis in atrial fibroblasts. Accordingly, KO miR-210-3p could reduce the incidence of AF and ameliorate atrial fibrosis induced by Ang Ⅱ. The mRNA sequencing analysis and Dual-Luciferase reporter assay proved that glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1-like (GPD1L) is the potential target gene of miR-210-3p. The functional analysis suggests that GPD1L regulated atrial fibrosis via PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Besides, silencing GPD1L in atrial fibroblasts induced cells proliferation and these effects could be reversed by PI3K inhibitor (LY294002). Conclusion We demonstrate that atrial myocytes-derived exosomal miR-210-3p promoted the proliferation and collagen synthesis via inhibiting GPD1L in atrial fibroblasts. Preventing pathological crosstalk between atrial myocytes and fibroblasts may be as a novel target to improve atrial fibrosis in AF.

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Valvular heart disease and atrial fibrillation regulate microRNA expression profiles in left and right atria differently

Project description:Background: Chronic atrial fibrillation (AF) is a complication associated with the dilated atria of patients with valvular heart disease and contributes to worsened pathology. Methods and Results: Using microarray technology, we examined microRNA (miR) expression profiles in right and left atrial appendage tissue from valvular heart disease (VHD) patients. Right atrial appendage from patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and left atrial (LA) appendage from healthy hearts not used for transplant were used as controls. VHD induced different changes in miR expression in LA compared with right atria (RA). Fifty-two (52) miRs were altered by VHD in LA, compared with 5 in RA tissue. There was no detectable effect of chronic AF on miR expression in LA tissue, but miR expression in RA was strongly influenced by AF, with 47 miRs showing differential expression. LA volume correlated with miR expression changes in both LA and RA, but the affected miRs were different for the two atrial groups. Conclusions: VHD and AF influence miR expression patterns in LA and RA, but these are affected differently by disease progression and by the development of AF. These findings provide new insights into the progression of VHD. RA tissue is not a useful surrogate for LA in studies of mitral valve disease. 34 arrays from either the left or right atrium from patients with Valvular Heart Disease (VHD), patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), or healthy controls. Arrays in this series were generated on V2 and V3 Agilent microRNA arrays and analysed in combination.

2011-12-21 | E-GEOD-28954 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Long non-coding RNA MIR503HG controls endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition

Project description:Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) is a dynamic transformation process that has a functional impact upon pathological vascular remodelling. The molecular mechanisms that govern EndMT remain largely unknown. By induction of EndMT in human primary endothelial cells (EC), using a combination of transforming growth factor-β2 (TGF-b2) and interleukin-1b (IL-1β), we identified the dramatic loss of the lncRNA MIR503HG, as a common signature across multiple primary EC types. Targeted depletion of MIR503HG spontaneously induced EndMT. Overexpression of MIR503HG repressed EndMT despite TGF-β2 and IL-1β co-stimulation. RNA-seq was carried out to identify the changes in gene expression induced by MIR503HG overexpression. We showed that over 25% of the EndMT-transcriptome signature was inhibited upon MIR503HG overexpression. Crucially, phenotypic changes induced by MIR503HG were independent of the functional regulation of miR-503 and miR-424, both harbored within the MIR503HG locus. Collectively, we identify the lncRNA MIR503HG as an essential regulator of EndMT.

2020-12-31 | GSE118815 | GEO

The histone demethylase JMJD2B regulates endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition [microarray]

Project description:Endothelial cells play an important role in maintenance of the vascular system and the repair after injury. Under pro-inflammatory conditions, endothelial cells can acquire a mesenchymal phenotype by a process named endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT), which affects the functional properties of endothelial cells. Here, we investigated the epigenetic control of EndMT. We show that the histone demethylase JMJD2B is induced by EndMT promoting pro-inflammatory and hypoxic conditions. Silencing of JMJD2B reduced TGF-β2-induced expression of mesenchymal genes and prevented the alterations in endothelial morphology and impaired endothelial barrier function. Endothelial-specific deletion of JMJD2B in vivo confirmed a reduction of EndMT after myocardial infarction. EndMT did not affect global H3K9me3 levels but induced a site-specific reduction of repressive H3K9me3 marks at promoters of mesenchymal genes, such as Calponin (CNN1), and genes involved in TGF-β signaling, such as AKT Serine/Threonine Kinase 3 (AKT3) and sulfatase 1 (SULF1). Silencing of JMJD2B prevented the EndMT-induced reduction of H3K9me3 marks at these promotors and further repressed these EndMT-related genes. Our study reveals that endothelial identity and function is critically controlled by the histone demethylase JMJD2B, which is induced by EndMT-promoting pro-inflammatory and hypoxic conditions and support the acquirement of a mesenchymal phenotype.

2020-01-08 | GSE143150 | GEO

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