Transcriptional characterization of hippocampi from novel preclinical model of drug-resistant epilepsy
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE157797 | GEO | 2020/09/11
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Transcriptional characterization of hippocampi from novel preclinical model of drug-resistant epilepsy
| PRJNA663025 | ENA
Project description:Epilepsy is a major neurological disorder that affects approximately 1% of the population. The processes that lead to the development of epilepsy (epileptogenesis) are largely unknown. Levetiracetam is a novel antiepileptic drug (AED) that in the kindling model inhibits epileptogenesis in addition to being effective in controlling established epilepsy. The mechanisms of action of levetiracetam as an AED and an antiepileptogenic drug are unknown. By identifying the effect of chronic levetiracetam therapy on gene expression in the brain we hope to be able to identify genes that are involved in epileptogenesis. By comparing the gene expression profiles of levetiracetam and phenytoin treatments, we hope to be able to distinguish between genes that are important for the antiepileptic (anti-seizure) effect and genes that are important for the antiepileptogenic effect of levetiracetam. Phenytoin is a well-established AED; its mechanism of action involves inhibition of sodium channels. In contrast to levetiracetam, available data suggest that phenytoin in certain situations may enhance rather than inhibit the development of epilepsy. ,We will identify changes in gene expression in the hippocampus, frontal cortex, and brain stem caused by chronic treatment (3 months) with levetiracetam or phenytoin. We will search for differences in the gene expression profiles after chronic treatment with the two drugs, to explain the different clinical effects of the two drugs.,We hypothesize that chronic treatment with levetiracetam leads to changes in the expression of genes that are involved in both the antiepileptogenetic and antiepileptic effect of the drug, whereas chronic treatment with phenytoin affects genes that may be related to pro-epileptogenetic as well as antiepileptic effects of that drug. We further hypothesize that i) regional differences in the effects of levetiracetam and phenytoin may reflect important functional differences in the actions of these two drugs, and ii) there may be different mechanisms involved in their anti-seizure effect. Male Wistar rats receive levetiracetam (150 mg/kg x 2), phenytoin (75 mg/kg x 2) or control solution (N=7 in each group) through a gastric tube twice daily for 90 days. Experimental animals and controls are housed together in the same cages in groups of three, facilitating paired comparisons among the three groups in animals that have experienced the same environment throughout the 3 month experimental period. Four hrs after the last dose animals are anesthetized, decapitated, and total RNA is extracted from brain stem, frontal cortex, and hippocampus. RNA will be sent to the TGEN facility for hybridization to the rat U230A chips. The number of chips needed is (2 drugs + 1 control) * (3 brain regions) * (7 animals per group) = 63 chips. We will initially select those genes for analysis that are called present by the Affymetrix software in 4 or more animals for at least one of the 6 experimental groups. Then t-tests with Benjamini & Hochberg correction for protection against multiple comparisons will be used to identify genes that are differentially expressed at a false discovery rate of .05 among any of the six groups. We will be primarily interested in the following expression profiles, analyzed as paired comparisons by the Affymetrix software: 1. phenytoin vs control in hippocampus, 2. phenytoin vs control in brain stem, 3. levetiracetam vs control in hippocampus, 4. levetiracetam vs control in brain stem. We will then compare the profiles of both drugs in each brain region (e.g. phenytoin vs levetiracetam in hippocampus) to select genes that are drug-specific. We will also take a Venn diagram approach to identify genes that are drug-specific across both brain regions tested.
2007-08-01 | E-GEOD-2880 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:After an electrically induced seizure, mice (NMRI) received electrical stimulation (current intensity 44 mA, 0.2 ms monopolar pulses at 6 Hz frequency for 3 s). RNA was extracted from the hippocampi at 0, 3, 6, 24 and 72 h after the seizure. microRNA expressions were measured via microarray technology using Exiqon's miCURY™ LNA Arrays.
2014-01-01 | GSE51840 | GEO
Project description:After an electrically induced seizure, mice (NMRI) received electrical stimulation (current intensity 44 mA, 0.2 ms monopolar pulses at 6 Hz frequency for 3 s). RNA was extracted from the hippocampi at 0, 3, 6, 24 and 72 h after the seizure. microRNA expressions were measured via microarray technology using Exiqon's miCURY™ LNA Arrays. Time-course design, treated cells at 0, 3, 6, 24, and 72 h, with 7 replicate each
2014-01-01 | E-GEOD-51840 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Epilepsy is a major neurological disorder that affects approximately 1% of the population. The processes that lead to the development of epilepsy (epileptogenesis) are largely unknown. Levetiracetam is a novel antiepileptic drug (AED) that in the kindling model inhibits epileptogenesis in addition to being effective in controlling established epilepsy. The mechanisms of action of levetiracetam as an AED and an antiepileptogenic drug are unknown. By identifying the effect of chronic levetiracetam therapy on gene expression in the brain we hope to be able to identify genes that are involved in epileptogenesis. By comparing the gene expression profiles of levetiracetam and phenytoin treatments, we hope to be able to distinguish between genes that are important for the antiepileptic (anti-seizure) effect and genes that are important for the antiepileptogenic effect of levetiracetam. Phenytoin is a well-established AED; its mechanism of action involves inhibition of sodium channels. In contrast to levetiracetam, available data suggest that phenytoin in certain situations may enhance rather than inhibit the development of epilepsy. We will identify changes in gene expression in the hippocampus, frontal cortex, and brain stem caused by chronic treatment (3 months) with levetiracetam or phenytoin. We will search for differences in the gene expression profiles after chronic treatment with the two drugs, to explain the different clinical effects of the two drugs. We hypothesize that chronic treatment with levetiracetam leads to changes in the expression of genes that are involved in both the antiepileptogenetic and antiepileptic effect of the drug, whereas chronic treatment with phenytoin affects genes that may be related to pro-epileptogenetic as well as antiepileptic effects of that drug. We further hypothesize that i) regional differences in the effects of levetiracetam and phenytoin may reflect important functional differences in the actions of these two drugs, and ii) there may be different mechanisms involved in their anti-seizure effect. Male Wistar rats receive levetiracetam (150 mg/kg x 2), phenytoin (75 mg/kg x 2) or control solution (N=7 in each group) through a gastric tube twice daily for 90 days. Experimental animals and controls are housed together in the same cages in groups of three, facilitating paired comparisons among the three groups in animals that have experienced the same environment throughout the 3 month experimental period. Four hrs after the last dose animals are anesthetized, decapitated, and total RNA is extracted from brain stem, frontal cortex, and hippocampus. RNA will be sent to the TGEN facility for hybridization to the rat U230A chips. The number of chips needed is (2 drugs + 1 control) * (3 brain regions) * (7 animals per group) = 63 chips. We will initially select those genes for analysis that are called “present” by the Affymetrix software in 4 or more animals for at least one of the 6 experimental groups. Then t-tests with Benjamini & Hochberg correction for protection against multiple comparisons will be used to identify genes that are differentially expressed at a false discovery rate of .05 among any of the six groups. We will be primarily interested in the following expression profiles, analyzed as paired comparisons by the Affymetrix software: 1. phenytoin vs control in hippocampus 2. phenytoin vs control in brain stem 3. levetiracetam vs control in hippocampus 4. levetiracetam vs control in brain stem We will then compare the profiles of both drugs in each brain region (e.g., phenytoin vs levetiracetam in hippocampus) to select genes that are drug-specific. We will also take a Venn diagram approach to identify genes that are drug-specific across both brain regions tested. Keywords: other
2005-07-06 | GSE2880 | GEO
Project description:We profiled 5-hydroxymethylcytosine patterns in hippocampi using hydroxymethylated DNA immunoprecipitation followed by Illumina deep sequencing (hMeDIP-Seq). We profiled the hippocampi of 4 young (3 month old) and 4 aged (18 month old) C57BL/6 mice. Additionally, we profiled the 5-hmC patterns of hippocampi that were stereotactically injected with lentiviral constructs that overexpressed Tet2 or luciferase.
2018-02-25 | GSE102473 | GEO
Project description:Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) is the most common type of focal seizure disorder. In MTLE, seizures typically originate from a sclerotic hippocampus. Approximately one-third of patients do not respond to anti-seizure drugs and have few effective therapeutic options. Surgery to resect or ablate the affected temporal lobe is one such option, but it is not indicated or adequate for all individuals and can have adverse effects. Here, we report the development of an alternative cell therapy strategy for drug-resistant MTLE. The cell therapeutic is derived from a clinical-grade human embryonic stem cell line, and composed of cryopreserved post-mitotic medial ganglionic eminence (MGE)-type GABAergic inhibitory neurons of a predominantly pallial interneuron lineage. Single-dose intrahippocampal delivery of cryopreserved human pallial interneurons in a chronic mouse model of drug-resistant MTLE resulted in consistent and stable suppression of mesiotemporal seizures, with most animals becoming seizure-free. The grafted human interneurons distributed locally, matured, and persisted in the sclerotic hippocampus throughout the 8.5-month study. Pathological hallmarks of MTLE, such as hippocampal granule cell dispersion and sclerosis, were significantly reduced, and epileptic animal survival rates increased, after administration of the human interneurons. Suppression of seizure activity and amelioration of neuropathology were dose-dependent and suggested a broad therapeutic dosing range. No ectopic tissue or teratoma formation was detected after cell transplantation. Furthermore, behavioral abnormalities were not observed at any dose on a battery of assays. These findings support further development of human pallial MGE-type GABAergic interneuron cell therapy for the treatment of drug-resistant focal epilepsies.
2023-10-10 | GSE208672 | GEO
Project description:We showed that the overexpression of ORAI1 in the neurons of murine brain leads to spontaneous occurrence of seizure-like events in aged animals. We aimed to identify the mechanism responsible for this phenomenon. Using modified Ca2+-addback assay in the slices of CA1 hippocampal region and FURA-2AM calcium indicator we found that overexpression of ORAI1 in neurons leads to altered Ca2+ response. Next, by RNASeq we identified set of genes, whose expression was changed in FVB/NJ-Tg(ORAI1)Ibd mice.
2019-12-17 | GSE138370 | GEO
Project description:WGS of Vibrio hippocampi CECT 8226
| PRJEB49132 | ENA
Project description:The epilepsies represent one of the most common neurological disorders. Mesial temporal lobe epilepsies (MTLE) are the most frequent form of partial epilepsies and display frequent resistance to anti-epileptic drugs thus representing a major health care problem. In TLE, the origin of seizure activity typically involves the hippocampal formation, which displays major neuropathological features, described with the term hippocampal sclerosis (HS). HS is the most frequent pathological substrate of refractory mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Complex partial seizures (CPS) are the predominant seizure type associated with medial temporal lobe epilepsy. MTLE is commonly due to mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS). The biology underlying the epilepstic seizures and the transcriptome associated to the seizure in intractable medial temporal lobe epilepsy is ill understood. The aim of the study was to identify potential biomarkers that could identify epileptic seizure. Thus we performed transcriptome profiling of ten medial temporal lobe epilepsy cases which are resistant to the drug and underwent temporal lobectomy. The cases constitutes of patients with intractable complex partial seizure, treated medically and have undergone detailed presurgical evaluation and subjected to surgery for standard temporal lobectomy and amygdalo-hippocampectomy. The spiking areas identified after the electrocorticography will form the test tissues, which compared with the nonspiking areas removed during the surgery, from the same patient. This could probably form one of the appropriate controls, as test and control are from same patient, which eliminates the genome variations that could incur due to the comparison with the tissues from the another patient. Also this could get rid of expression changes due to the treatments undergone by the patient. We performed two color microarray wherein we labled seizure focus (spiking area) with Cy5 and non-seizure region tissues (non-spiking) with Cy3. As a strategy to test the possibility of potential diagnostic biomarkers we are intended to test the differentially regulated molecules in an independent set of epilepsy samples. Two color experiment
2012-12-01 | E-GEOD-25453 | biostudies-arrayexpress