Temporal and Spatial Heterogeneity of Host Response to SARS-CoV-2 Pulmonary Infection
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE159788 | GEO | 2020/11/01
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:The relationship of SARS-CoV-2 lung infection and severity of pulmonary disease is not fully understood. We analyzed autopsy specimens from 24 patients who succumbed to SARS-CoV-2 infection using a combination of different RNA and protein analytical platforms to characterize inter- and intra- patient heterogeneity of pulmonary virus infection. There was a spectrum of high and low virus cases that was associated with duration of disease and activation of interferon pathway genes. Using a digital spatial profiling platform, the virus corresponded to distinct spatial expression of interferon response genes and immune checkpoint genes demonstrating the intra-pulmonary heterogeneity of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Project description:The relationship of SARS-CoV-2 pulmonary infection and severity of disease is not fully understood. Here we show analysis of autopsy specimens from 24 patients who succumbed to SARS-CoV-2 infection using a combination of different RNA and protein analytical platforms to characterize inter-patient and intra-patient heterogeneity of pulmonary virus infection. There is a spectrum of high and low virus cases associated with duration of disease. High viral cases have high activation of interferon pathway genes and a predominant M1-like macrophage infiltrate. Low viral cases are more heterogeneous likely reflecting inherent patient differences in the evolution of host response, but there is consistent indication of pulmonary epithelial cell recovery based on napsin A immunohistochemistry and RNA expression of surfactant and mucin genes. Using a digital spatial profiling platform, we find the virus corresponds to distinct spatial expression of interferon response genes demonstrating the intra-pulmonary heterogeneity of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Project description:The relationship of SARS-CoV-2 lung infection and severity of pulmonary disease is not fully understood. We analyzed specimens from 24 autopsies from patients who succumbed to SARS-CoV-2 infection using a combination of different RNA and protein analytical platforms to characterize inter- and intra- patient heterogeneity of pulmonary virus infection. There was a spectrum of high and low virus cases that was associated with duration of disease and activation of interferon pathway genes. Using a digital spatial profiling platform, the intra-pulmonary spatial heterogeneity of the virus corresponded to focal expression of interferon response genes and association with immune checkpoint genes In this dataset, we capture the GeoMx DSP RNA profiling work done in conjunction with this study. The files here represent SARS-CoV-2 infected rapid autopsy patients (n = 6) which were profiled with the NanoString GeoMx COVID19 Atlas RNA panel v1.0. This panel was then read out using Illumina sequencing following standard library preparation according to manufacturer protocols. Attached below are low-resolution images of each slide with placement of all ROIs, as well as individual images of each ROI, segments, and UV illuminated IF channels. For access to high resolution (single channel, composite, or ROI) images please contact GeoMxSupport@nanostring.com or the corresponding author of the study. RNA sequencing data and results for bulk RNA profiling can be accessed in study GSE150316.
2020-11-14 | GSE159787 | GEO
Project description:The relationship of SARS-CoV-2 lung infection and severity of pulmonary disease is not fully understood. We analyzed specimens from 24 autopsies from patients who succumbed to SARS-CoV-2 infection using a combination of different RNA and protein analytical platforms to characterize inter- and intra- patient heterogeneity of pulmonary virus infection. There was a spectrum of high and low virus cases that was associated with duration of disease and activation of interferon pathway genes. Using a digital spatial profiling platform, the intra-pulmonary spatial heterogeneity of the virus corresponded to focal expression of interferon response genes and association with immune checkpoint genes In this dataset, we capture the GeoMx DSP protein profiling work done in conjunction with this study. The files here represent SARS-CoV-2 infected rapid autopsy patients (n = 6) which were profiled with the following nanoString GeoMx protein panels: Immune Cell Profiling Core v1.0, IO Drug Target Module v1.0, Immune Cell Typing Module v1.0, Immune Activation Status Module v1.0, PI3K/AKT Signaling Module v1.0, MAPK Signaling Module v0.9, and Cell Death Module v0.9. These panels were then read out using Nanostring nCounter quantification following standard HybCode panel profiling protocols. For access to high resolution (single channel, composite, or ROI) images please contact the corresponding author or GeoMxSupport@nanostring.com. RNA sequencing data and results for bulk RNA profiling can be accessed in study GSE150316.
2020-11-01 | GSE159785 | GEO
Project description:Temporal and Spatial Heterogeneity of Host Response to SARS-CoV-2 Pulmonary Infection
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Project description:Temporal and Spatial Heterogeneity of Host Response to SARS-CoV-2 Pulmonary Infection [gene expression]
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Project description:Temporal and Spatial Heterogeneity of Host Response to SARS-CoV-2 Pulmonary Infection [GeoMx human protein]
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Project description:SARS-CoV-2 is a beta coronavirus causing COVID-19 which first emerged in Wuhan, China and was later declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. Since then the economical, health and human cost has been enormous for the world. However, little work has been done to understand the transcriptional changes brought about by the virus in human hosts. We have compared COVID-19 positive samples with negative samples from Indian patients to better understand the host response.. We find many genes related to immune response up-regulated in the COVID-19 patients. Many of these are the usual response genes against the viral infection but type I interferon appears to be a key immune response activated against SARS-CoV-2. A large number of the differentially expressed genes were down-regulated pointing towards translational arrest and down regulation of host mRNA during late infection. The down-regulated genes are well correlated with the clinical manifestations and symptoms due to SARS-CoV-2 infection such as the loss of smell and taste. We also find evidence of altered gene expression profiles associated with systemic complications such as neurological disturbances and high insulin requirement. Finally, we have identified many lncRNAs being down-regulated during COVID-19 infections. A few of these lncRNAs have functional role in viral infection. However, to understand the functional role of other lncRNAs, we looked at the function of their closest gene, since lncRNA are believed to have cis functionality. Our analysis suggests a role for lncRNA in down-regulation of metabolic and developmental processes during COVID-19 infection.
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Project description:Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has resulted in a global pandemic with severe socioeconomic effects. Immunopathogenesis of COVID-19 leads to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and organ failure. Binding of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein to human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) on bronchiolar and alveolar epithelial cells triggers host inflammatory pathways that lead to pathophysiological changes. Proinflammatory cytokines and type I interferon (IFN) signaling in alveolar epithelial cells counter barrier disruption, modulate host innate immune response to induce chemotaxis, and initiate the resolution of inflammation. Here, we discuss experimental models to study SARS-CoV-2 infection, molecular pathways involved in SARS-CoV-2-induced inflammation, and viral hijacking of anti-inflammatory pathways, such as delayed type-I IFN response. Mechanisms of alveolar adaptation to hypoxia, adenosinergic signaling, and regulatory microRNAs are discussed as potential therapeutic targets for COVID-19.
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