Similar Datasets
Project description:Point mutations within the histone H3.3 are frequent in aggressive childhood brain tumors known as pediatric high-grade gliomas (pHGGs). Intriguingly, distinct mutations arise in discrete anatomical regions: H3.3-G34R within the forebrain and H3.3-K27M preferentially within the hindbrain. The reasons for this contrasting etiology are unknown. By engineering human fetal neural stem cell cultures from distinct brain regions, we demonstrate here that cell-intrinsic regional identity provides differential responsiveness to each mutant that mirrors the origins of pHGGs. Focusing on H3.3-G34R, we find that the oncohistone supports proliferation of forebrain cells while inducing a cytostatic response in the hindbrain. Mechanistically, H3.3-G34R does not impose widespread transcriptional or epigenetic changes but instead impairs recruitment of ZMYND11, a transcriptional repressor of highly expressed genes. We therefore propose that H3.3-G34R promotes tumorigenesis by focally stabilizing the expression of key progenitor genes, thereby locking initiating forebrain cells into their pre-existing immature state.
| S-EPMC8110245 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Point mutations within the histone H3.3 are frequent in aggressive childhood brain tumours known as paediatric high-grade gliomas (pHGGs). Intriguingly, different mutations arise in discrete anatomical regions: H3.3-G34R within the forebrain and H3.3-K27M preferentially within the hindbrain. The reasons for this contrasting aetiology are unknown. By engineering human foetal neural stem cell cultures from distinct regions, we demonstrate here that cell-intrinsic regional identity provides differential responsiveness to each mutant that mirrors the origins of pHGGs. Focusing on H3.3-G34R, we find that the oncohistone supports proliferation of forebrain cells, while inducing a cytostatic response in the hindbrain. Mechanistically, H3.3-G34R does not impose widespread transcriptional or epigenetic changes, but impairs recruitment of ZMYND11, a transcriptional repressor of highly expressed genes. We therefore propose that H3.3-G34R promotes tumorigenesis by stabilising the expression of key progenitor genes and, thus, locking initiating forebrain cells into their preexisting immature state.
2021-03-24 | GSE163185 | GEO
Project description:Point mutations within the histone H3.3 are frequent in aggressive childhood brain tumours known as paediatric high-grade gliomas (pHGGs). Intriguingly, different mutations arise in discrete anatomical regions: H3.3-G34R within the forebrain and H3.3-K27M preferentially within the hindbrain. The reasons for this contrasting aetiology are unknown. By engineering human foetal neural stem cell cultures from distinct regions, we demonstrate here that cell-intrinsic regional identity provides differential responsiveness to each mutant that mirrors the origins of pHGGs. Focusing on H3.3-G34R, we find that the oncohistone supports proliferation of forebrain cells, while inducing a cytostatic response in the hindbrain. Mechanistically, H3.3-G34R does not impose widespread transcriptional or epigenetic changes, but impairs recruitment of ZMYND11, a transcriptional repressor of highly expressed genes. We therefore propose that H3.3-G34R promotes tumorigenesis by stabilising the expression of key progenitor genes and, thus, locking initiating forebrain cells into their preexisting immature state.
2021-03-24 | GSE163044 | GEO
Project description:Regional identity of human neural stem cells determines oncogenic responses to histone H3.3 mutants
| PRJNA685155 | ENA
Project description:Regional identity of human neural stem cells determinesoncogenic responses to histone 1H3.3 mutants
2021-09-09 | PXD021270 | Pride
Project description:Regional identity of human neural stem cells determines oncogenic responses to histone H3.3 mutants [ChIP-Seq]
| PRJNA685162 | ENA
Project description:Regional identity of human neural stem cells determines oncogenic responses to histone H3.3 mutants [RNA-Seq]
| PRJNA684512 | ENA
Project description:During the brain development, the process of neural stem cells (NSCs) proliferation and differentiation is precisely regulated. The deficiency in the embryonic brain development will cause serious developmental disorders. Epigenetic modifications play critical roles in controlling proliferation and differentiation in different types of stem cells. Histone variants, as one of epigenetic regulators, have been reported to be associated with many bioprocesses. Among different variants, H3.3 is one of the important epigenetic regulators, but its role in embryonic NSCs remains unclear. Here we demonstrate that H3.3 is intrinsically required for NSCs proliferation and differentiation. Suppression of the H3.3 mediated by shRNAs causes the reduction of the PAX6-positive NSCs proliferation, and promotes the premature terminal mitosis and neuronal differentiation. Particularly, the level of the H4K16ac is selectively reduced in the H3.3 knockdown NSCs. We further confirm that H3.3 is directly interacted with the MOF, a specific H4K16 acetyltransferase. Interestingly, H3.3/MOF increases the level of H4K16ac by a mutual cooperation manner. However, the H3.3K36R mutant could not increase the level of H4K16ac. RNA-seq data show the GLI1, a transcriptional regulator, is downregulated in H3.3 knockdown NSCs. Furthermore, the neurogenesis phenotype of the GLI1 knockdown is consistent with the H3.3 knockdown. Overexpression of the H3.3, MOF, and GLI1 could rescue the abnormal phenotype caused by H3.3 knockdown in the embryonic brain, but H3.1 or H3.3K36R overexpression can not rescue it. Taken together, these results suggest that H3.3 cooperates with MOF to increase the level of the H4K16ac and the GLI1, and then regulates the NSCs proliferation and differentiation.
| S-EPMC5563987 | biostudies-literature
Project description:During human embryogenesis, primitive neural cells start to be generated at the time of gastrulation and gradually acquire regional identities, which is a process called neural patterning. But how intrinsic factors respond to exogenous patterning signals remains poorly understood. Human Embryonic Stem Cells (hESCs) provide a great model to recapitulate this process. Through exogenous manipulation of canonical WNT signaling activation during neural differentiation, dose-dependent specification of regionally defined neural progenitors ranging from the telencephalic forebrain to posterior hindbrain could be rapidly and efficiently induced. Unexpectedly, we find that SOX1, generally referred as a pan-neural gene, displays a regional specific distribution in the human neural patterning process. To investigate the expression and function of SOX1 efficiently, we have generated the SOX1-EGFP reporter and SOX1-knockout (KO) hESC lines using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. SOX1 is initially expressed across the mes–met border and peaked in the metencephalon region at the early regional specification stage. Its depletion leads to the posterior shift of the mes–met border. Therefore, SOX1 is required to define the border at a correct region. In-depth analysis of SOX1 ChIP-sequencing and transcriptome data will provide more insights into how SOX1 determines the mes-met border formation and identify the downstream targets of SOX1. This study identifies SOX1 as one of the intrinsic factors key for the prepattern establishment in the developing central nervous system, particularly for defining the isthmus position.
2020-08-26 | GSE138217 | GEO
Project description:The gastrointestinal tract is lined by a series of epithelia that share functional requirements but also have distinct, highly specialized roles. Distinct populations of somatic stem cells (SCs) regenerate these epithelia, yet the mechanisms that maintain regional identities of these SCs are not well understood. Here, we identify a role for the BMP-like Dpp signaling pathway in diversifying regenerative processes in the adult gastrointestinal tract of Drosophila. Dpp secreted from enterocytes at the boundary between the posterior midgut and the middle midgut (MM) sets up a morphogen gradient that selectively directs copper cell (CC) regeneration from gastric SCs in the MM and thus determines the size of the CC region. In vertebrates, deregulation of BMP signaling has been associated with Barrett's metaplasia, wherein the squamous esophageal epithelium is replaced by a columnar epithelium, suggesting that the maintenance of regional SC identities by BMP is conserved.
| S-EPMC3778028 | biostudies-literature