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Unique features of co-existence of classical neutrophils and polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells in cancer

ABSTRACT: In this study, using single cell RNAseq, cell mass-spectrometry, flow cytometry, and functional analysis, we characterized the heterogeneity of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) in cancer. We described three populations of PMN in tumor-bearing mice: classical PMN, polymorphonuclear myeloid derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSC), and activated PMN-MDSC with potent immune suppressive activity. In spleens of mice, PMN-MDSC gradually replaced PMN during tumor progression. Activated PMN-MDSC were found only in tumors where they were present at the very early stages of the disease. These populations of PMN in mice could be separated based on the expression of CD14. In peripheral blood of cancer patients, we identified two distinct populations of PMN with characteristics of classical PMN and PMN-MDSC. Gene signature of tumor PMN-MDSC was similar to that in mouse activated PMN-MDSC and was closely associated with negative clinical outcome in cancer patients. Thus, we provided evidence that PMN-MDSC is a distinct population of PMN with unique features and potential for selective targeting opportunities

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE163834 | GEO | 2021/01/14

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are key players in immune evasion, tumor progression and metastasis. MDSCs accumulate under various pathological states, and fall into two functionally and phenotypically distinct subsets: polymorphonuclear (PMN)-MDSCs and monocytic (M)-MDSCs. These subsets have been studied extensively in humans and mice, yet to date no study has identified MDSC subsets in dogs with spontaneous tumors. As dogs are an excellent model for human tumor development and progression, we set out to identify PMN-MDSCs and M-MDSCs in clinical canine oncology patients. We identified MDSCs as hypodense MHC class II-CD5-CD21-CD11b+ cells and show for the first time that they can also be subdivided into polymorphonuclear (CADO48A+CD14-) and monocytic (CADO48A-CD14+) subsets. The transcriptomic signatures of PMN-MDSCs and M-MDSCs are distinct from each other and from those of conventional polymorphonuclear (PMN) and monocytic cells, respectively. Notably, bioinformatic analyses reveal a statistically significant similarity between canine and previously published human MDSC gene expression patterns. As in humans, peripheral blood frequencies of canine PMN-MDSCs and M-MDSCs are significantly different in dogs with cancer compared to healthy control dogs (PMN-MDSCs: p < .001; M-MDSCs: p < .01). Furthermore, a comparison of our canine MDSC RNA-seq data with transcriptomic results previously published for human and murine MDSCs highlights five commonly upregulated genes in PMN-MDSCs in all species, suggesting that these genes are evolutionarily conserved and functionally important. Interestingly, one gene has previously been implicated in PMN-MDSC function (MMP8), but four genes (LTF, LCN2, CAMP, EBP41L3) are novel in the context of PMN-MDSCs. Our findings therefore demonstrate for the first time that dogs have two distinct populations of MDSCs, characterized by specific phenotypic and transcriptomic signatures that share key features of human MDSC subsets. Importantly, by leveraging the power of evolution, we have identified additional conserved genes in PMN-MDSCs of multiple species which may play a role in MDSC function. Our findings therefore validate the dog as a model for studying MDSCs in the context of cancer.

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Unique features of co-existence of classical neutrophils and polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells in cancer

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