Transcriptomic profiling of caruncular and cotyledonary tissues of 83 days fetuses in response to early maternal nutrient supplementation

ABSTRACT: We measured the gene expression profiles of maternal (caruncular; CAR) and fetal (cotyledonary; COT) portions of the placenta to identify differentially expressed genes (DEG), biological processes (BP), and pathways underlying placental development and function in response to early maternal nutrition. To this end, we used the RNA-Seq-based differential expression analysis of bovine placental tissues. The factors examined included vitamin and mineral supplementation (VTM or NoVTM) and rate of gain (low gain – LG or moderate gain – MG). The treatments were arranged as follows: (1) no vitamin and mineral supplementation and low gain (NoVTM_LG, n = 9); (2) vitamin and mineral supplementation and low gain (VTM_LG, n = 9); (3) no vitamin and mineral supplementation and moderate gain (NoVTM_MG, n = 9), and (4) vitamin and mineral supplementation and moderate gain (VTM_MG, n = 8). On day 83 ± 0.27 of gestation the uteroplacental tissues were collected through ovariohysterectomy and the largest placentome closest to the fetus was collected. Then, maternal (CAR) and fetal (COT) portions were manually dissected, snap-frozen, and stored at −80 °C. After RNA quality control, read mapping was performed with STAR aligner to the bovine ARS-UCD1.2 reference genome. Genes with expression values lower than 1 count per million in 50% of the samples were filtered out. After filtering, the genes of CAR and COT tissues were analyzed using the DESeq2 v.1.22.1 software to identify DEGs. The DESEq2 model was used to measure the treatment effect while controlling for batch effect differences that included the surrogated variables (sva) and the heifer’s birthplace (farm of origin). Genes were identified as differentially expressed for each one of the contrasts when the adjusted p-value (padj) cutoff < 0.1 and classified as up- or down-regulated based on the sign of the log2 fold change. We identified 267 unique DEGs throughout all tissues and group contrasts. The over-represented functions are essential to fetal growth and development, and included fatty acid metabolism, hormone synthesis, nutrient transport, energy metabolism, and biosynthesis of amino acids.

ORGANISM(S): Bos taurus

PROVIDER: GSE165378 | GEO | 2021/04/01

REPOSITORIES: GEO