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Characterization of myeloid cells in acute and chronic LCMV infection by scRNA-seq

ABSTRACT: The immune response to a chronic viral infection is uniquely tailored to balance viral control and immunopathology. The role of myeloid cells in shaping the response to chronic viral infection, however, is poorly understood. Single-cell RNA sequencing of myeloid cells during acute and chronic LCMV infection was performed to address this question. We discovered a cluster of suppressive neutrophils that is enriched in chronic versus acute infection. Furthermore, suppressive neutrophils highly expressed the gene encoding PIM1, a kinase known to promote mitochondrial fitness and cell survival. Pharmacological inhibition of PIM1 selectively diminished suppressive neutrophil-mediated immunosuppression without affecting the function of monocytic myeloid derived suppressor cells (M-MDSCs). Decreased accumulation of suppressive neutrophils led to increased CD8 T cell function and viral control. Mechanistically, PIM kinase activity was required for maintaining fused mitochondrial networks in suppressive neutrophils, but not in M-MDSCs, and loss of PIM kinase function caused increased apoptosis of suppressive neutrophils.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE167204 | GEO | 2021/05/05

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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