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Disrupting Mechanotransduction Promotes Regenerative Phenotypes in Human Cells

ABSTRACT: We quantify the effects of FAK inhibition on three-dimensional (3D) cultured human fibroblasts at the cellular and transcriptomic level using single cell RNA-sequencing. We demonstrate that mechanical stress induces pro-fibrotic fibroblast differentiation fates in large organisms, which can effectively be averted by FAK inhibition, which induces discrete fibroblast clusters that promote wound regeneration.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE167339 | GEO | 2021/02/24

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Disrupting Mechanotransduction Decreases Fibrosis and Contracture in Porcine Split Thickness Skin Grafting

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Disrupting Mechanotransduction Promotes Regenerative Phenotypes in Human Cells

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Project description:Hypertrophic scar (HTS) formation is characterized by exuberant fibroproliferation for reasons that remain poorly understood1. One important but often overlooked component of wound repair is mechanical force, which regulates reciprocal cell-matrix interactions through focal adhesion components including focal adhesion kinase (FAK)1,2. Here we report that FAK is activated following cutaneous injury and that this activation is potentiated by mechanical loading. Transgenic mice lacking fibroblast-specific FAK exhibit significantly less fibrosis in a preclinical model of HTS formation. Inflammatory pathways involving monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), a chemokine highly implicated in human skin fibrosis3, are triggered following FAK activation, mechanistically linking physical force to fibrosis. Further, small molecule inhibition of FAK effectively abrogates fibroproliferative mechanisms in human cells and significantly reduces scar formation in vivo. Collectively, these findings establish a molecular basis for HTS formation based on the mechanical activation of fibroblast-specific FAK and demonstrate the therapeutic potential of targeted mechanomodulatory strategies. Wildtype murine tissue was harvested at either day 6 or 14 post-injury following 48 hours or 10 days of mechanical loading, respectively (n=4 mice per group per time point). Murine RNA was isolated, labeled, and hybridized to the GeneChip microarray according to the manufacturer’s protocols (Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA, USA). Each gene in the microarray was represented by 20 oligonucleotide pairs, with each pair consisting of an oligonucleotide perfectly matched to the cDNA sequence, and a second oligonucleotide containing a single base mismatch. Raw microarray data (sample intensity files) were processed using GeneSpring GX 11.0 (Agilent Technologies Inc., Santa Clara, CA, USA).

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Project description: Not available

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