(Pro)renin receptor inhibition reduces plasma cholesterol and triglycerides but does not attenuate atherosclerosis in atherosclerotic mice
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE167972 | GEO | 2024/03/01
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Objective: Elevated plasma cholesterol concentrations contributes to ischemic cardiovascular diseases. Recently, we showed that inhibiting hepatic (pro)renin receptor [(P)RR] attenuated diet-induced hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia in low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) deficient mice. The purpose of this study was to determine whether inhibiting hepatic (P)RR could attenuate atherosclerosis. Approach and Results: Eight-week-old male LDLR-/- mice were injected with either saline or N-acetylgalactosamine-modified antisense oligonucleotides (G-ASOs) primarily targeting hepatic (P)RR and were fed a western-type diet (WTD) for 16 weeks. (P)RR G-ASOs markedly reduced plasma cholesterol concentrations from 2,211 ± 146 to 1,128 ± 121 mg/dL. Fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) analyses revealed that cholesterol in very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and intermediate density lipoprotein (IDL)/LDL fraction were potently reduced by (P)RR G-ASOs. Moreover, (P)RR G-ASOs reduced plasma triglyceride concentrations by more than 80%. Strikingly, despite marked reduction in plasma lipid concentrations, atherosclerosis was not reduced but rather increased in these mice. Further testing in ApoE-/- mice confirmed that (P)RR G-ASOs reduced plasma lipid concentrations but not atherosclerosis. Transcriptomic analysis of the aortas revealed that (P)RR G-ASOs induced the expression of the genes involved in immune responses and inflammation. Further investigation revealed that (P)RR G-ASOs also inhibited (P)RR in macrophages and in enhanced inflammatory responses to exogenous stimuli. Moreover, deleting the (P)RR in macrophages resulted in accelerated atherosclerosis in WTD fed ApoE-/- mice. Conclusion: (P)RR G-ASOs reduced the plasma lipids in atherosclerotic mice due to hepatic (P)RR deficiency. However, augmented pro-inflammatory responses in macrophages due to (P)RR downregulation counteracted the beneficial effects of lowered plasma lipid concentrations on atherosclerosis. Our study demonstrated that hepatic (P)RR and macrophage (P)RR played a counteracting role in atherosclerosis.
| S-EPMC8739895 | biostudies-literature
Project description:(Pro)renin receptor inhibition reduces plasma cholesterol and triglycerides but does not attenuate atherosclerosis in atherosclerotic mice
| PRJNA705690 | ENA
Project description:The role of the renin angiotensin system (RAS) in atherosclerosis is complex because of the involvement of multiple peptides and receptors. Renin is the rate-limiting enzyme in the production of all angiotensin peptides. To determine the effects of renin inhibition on atherosclerosis, we administered the novel renin inhibitor aliskiren over a broad dose range to fat-fed LDL receptor-deficient (Ldlr(-/-)) mice. Renin inhibition resulted in striking reductions of atherosclerotic lesion size in both the aortic arch and the root. Subsequent studies demonstrated that cultured macrophages expressed all components of the RAS. To determine the role of macrophage-derived angiotensin in the development of atherosclerosis, we transplanted renin-deficient bone marrow to irradiated Ldlr(-/-) mice and observed a profound decrease in the size of atherosclerotic lesions. In similar experiments, transplantation of bone marrow deficient for angiotensin II type 1a receptors failed to influence lesion development. We conclude that renin-dependent angiotensin production in macrophages does not act in an autocrine/paracrine manner. Furthermore, in vitro studies demonstrated that coculture with renin-expressing macrophages augmented monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells. Therefore, although previous work suggests that angiotensin peptides have conflicting effects on atherogenesis, we found that renin inhibition profoundly decreased lesion development in mice.
| S-EPMC2242618 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background: Renin-expressing cells are myoendocrine cells crucial for survival which detect changes in blood pressure and release renin to maintain homeostasis. Renin is regulated through several pathways including cAMP, p300/CBP, and BET proteins including Brd4. Binding to the cAMP-responsive element in the renin enhancer region amplifies renin transcription and relies on each of these factors for an appropriate response. The specific regulatory changes that occur following inhibition of these pathways remains understudied. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate chromatin changes and gene signatures that occur following inhibition of renin regulatory factors. Methods: We treated As4.1 cells (a tumoral cell line that constitutively expresses renin) with three inhibitors (H89: PKA inhibition; JQ1: Brd4 inhibition; A-485: p300/CBP inhibition) that target required factors for renin transcriptional regulation. We then performed ATAC-seq, scRNA-seq, and ChIP-seq for H3K27ac and P300 binding on biological replicates of treated and control As4.1 cells. Results: Ren1 expression is significantly, but transiently, reduced following each inhibitory treatment. Further, PKA inhibition leads to corresponding losses in H3K27ac and p300 binding at the locus. A restricted set of nine genes with overlapping dynamically accessible regions, differential gene expression, and H3K27ac and p300 binding were identified with roles across three primary renin regulatory paradigms. Conclusions: The data shows that renin expression is regulated through a switch from an active to poised state of epigenetic control, a shift toward a less differentiated cellular identity via the loss of enhancer elements, and the disruption of cAMP, baroreceptor, and Notch mediated renin regulatory pathways.
2024-08-26 | GSE254943 | GEO
Project description:Background: Renin-expressing cells are myoendocrine cells crucial for survival which detect changes in blood pressure and release renin to maintain homeostasis. Renin is regulated through several pathways including cAMP, p300/CBP, and BET proteins including Brd4. Binding to the cAMP-responsive element in the renin enhancer region amplifies renin transcription and relies on each of these factors for an appropriate response. The specific regulatory changes that occur following inhibition of these pathways remains understudied. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate chromatin changes and gene signatures that occur following inhibition of renin regulatory factors. Methods: We treated As4.1 cells (a tumoral cell line that constitutively expresses renin) with three inhibitors (H89: PKA inhibition; JQ1: Brd4 inhibition; A-485: p300/CBP inhibition) that target required factors for renin transcriptional regulation. We then performed ATAC-seq, scRNA-seq, and ChIP-seq for H3K27ac and P300 binding on biological replicates of treated and control As4.1 cells. Results: Ren1 expression is significantly, but transiently, reduced following each inhibitory treatment. Further, PKA inhibition leads to corresponding losses in H3K27ac and p300 binding at the locus. A restricted set of nine genes with overlapping dynamically accessible regions, differential gene expression, and H3K27ac and p300 binding were identified with roles across three primary renin regulatory paradigms. Conclusions: The data shows that renin expression is regulated through a switch from an active to poised state of epigenetic control, a shift toward a less differentiated cellular identity via the loss of enhancer elements, and the disruption of cAMP, baroreceptor, and Notch mediated renin regulatory pathways.
2024-08-26 | GSE254944 | GEO
Project description:Background: Renin-expressing cells are myoendocrine cells crucial for survival which detect changes in blood pressure and release renin to maintain homeostasis. Renin is regulated through several pathways including cAMP, p300/CBP, and BET proteins including Brd4. Binding to the cAMP-responsive element in the renin enhancer region amplifies renin transcription and relies on each of these factors for an appropriate response. The specific regulatory changes that occur following inhibition of these pathways remains understudied. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate chromatin changes and gene signatures that occur following inhibition of renin regulatory factors. Methods: We treated As4.1 cells (a tumoral cell line that constitutively expresses renin) with three inhibitors (H89: PKA inhibition; JQ1: Brd4 inhibition; A-485: p300/CBP inhibition) that target required factors for renin transcriptional regulation. We then performed ATAC-seq, scRNA-seq, and ChIP-seq for H3K27ac and P300 binding on biological replicates of treated and control As4.1 cells. Results: Ren1 expression is significantly, but transiently, reduced following each inhibitory treatment. Further, PKA inhibition leads to corresponding losses in H3K27ac and p300 binding at the locus. A restricted set of nine genes with overlapping dynamically accessible regions, differential gene expression, and H3K27ac and p300 binding were identified with roles across three primary renin regulatory paradigms. Conclusions: The data shows that renin expression is regulated through a switch from an active to poised state of epigenetic control, a shift toward a less differentiated cellular identity via the loss of enhancer elements, and the disruption of cAMP, baroreceptor, and Notch mediated renin regulatory pathways.
2024-08-26 | GSE254941 | GEO
Project description:Background: Renin-expressing cells are myoendocrine cells crucial for survival which detect changes in blood pressure and release renin to maintain homeostasis. Renin is regulated through several pathways including cAMP, p300/CBP, and BET proteins including Brd4. Binding to the cAMP-responsive element in the renin enhancer region amplifies renin transcription and relies on each of these factors for an appropriate response. The specific regulatory changes that occur following inhibition of these pathways remains understudied. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate chromatin changes and gene signatures that occur following inhibition of renin regulatory factors. Methods: We treated As4.1 cells (a tumoral cell line that constitutively expresses renin) with three inhibitors (H89: PKA inhibition; JQ1: Brd4 inhibition; A-485: p300/CBP inhibition) that target required factors for renin transcriptional regulation. We then performed ATAC-seq, scRNA-seq, and ChIP-seq for H3K27ac and P300 binding on biological replicates of treated and control As4.1 cells. Results: Ren1 expression is significantly, but transiently, reduced following each inhibitory treatment. Further, PKA inhibition leads to corresponding losses in H3K27ac and p300 binding at the locus. A restricted set of nine genes with overlapping dynamically accessible regions, differential gene expression, and H3K27ac and p300 binding were identified with roles across three primary renin regulatory paradigms. Conclusions: The data shows that renin expression is regulated through a switch from an active to poised state of epigenetic control, a shift toward a less differentiated cellular identity via the loss of enhancer elements, and the disruption of cAMP, baroreceptor, and Notch mediated renin regulatory pathways.
2024-08-26 | GSE254940 | GEO
Project description:miRNA profiling of mouse kidney arteriolar smooth muscle cells (aSMCs) of the renin lineage comparing control untreated cells with cells treated with forskolin to induce renin expression.
2012-02-25 | GSE31780 | GEO
Project description:We have used single-cell RNA-seq to identify transcriptional differences between WT renin cells and renin cells with deletion of the renin gene
2021-12-25 | GSE180873 | GEO
Project description:miRNA profiling of mouse kidney arteriolar smooth muscle cells (aSMCs) of the renin lineage comparing control untreated cells with cells treated with forskolin to induce renin expression. Two condition experiment: control untreated aSMCs vs forskolin treated aSMCs; Biological replicates: control 3, treated 3; independently grown and harvested. One replicate per array.
2012-02-25 | E-GEOD-31780 | biostudies-arrayexpress