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Macrophages of embryonic origin function during early life to determine host iNKT cell levels at barrier surfaces

ABSTRACT: This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE167975 | GEO | 2021/03/31

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Macrophages of embryonic origin function during early life to determine host iNKT cell levels at barrier surfaces III

Project description:It is increasingly recognized that immune development within mucosal tissues is under the control of environmental factors during early life. However, the cellular mechanisms that underlie such temporally and regionally restrictive governance of these processes is unclear. Here, we uncover an extrathymic pathway of immune development within the colon that is controlled by embryonic, but not bone-marrow derived, macrophages which determines the ability of these organs to receive invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells and allow them to establish local residency. Consequently, early life perturbations of fetal-derived macrophages result in persistent decreases of mucosal iNKT cells and is associated with later life susceptibility or resistance to iNKT cell associated mucosal disorders. These studies uncover a host developmental program orchestrated by ontogenically distinct macrophages that is regulated by microbiota and reveal an important post-natal function of macrophages that emerge in fetal life.

2021-03-31 | GSE167973 | GEO

Macrophages of embryonic origin function during early life to determine host iNKT cell levels at barrier surfaces II

2021-03-31 | GSE167970 | GEO

Macrophages of embryonic origin function during early life to determine host iNKT cell levels at barrier surfaces I

2021-03-31 | GSE167951 | GEO

Macrophages of embryonic origin function during early life to determine host iNKT cell levels at barrier surfaces

Project description:Macrophages of embryonic origin function during early life to determine host iNKT cell levels at barrier surfaces

| PRJNA705693 | ENA

Macrophages of embryonic origin function during early life to determine host iNKT cell levels at barrier surfaces I

Project description:Macrophages of embryonic origin function during early life to determine host iNKT cell levels at barrier surfaces I

| PRJNA705659 | ENA

Macrophages of embryonic origin function during early life to determine host iNKT cell levels at barrier surfaces III

Project description:Macrophages of embryonic origin function during early life to determine host iNKT cell levels at barrier surfaces III

| PRJNA705696 | ENA

Macrophages of embryonic origin function during early life to determine host iNKT cell levels at barrier surfaces II

Project description:Macrophages of embryonic origin function during early life to determine host iNKT cell levels at barrier surfaces II

| PRJNA705682 | ENA

Embryonic macrophages function during early life to determine invariant natural killer T cell levels at barrier surfaces.

Project description:It is increasingly recognized that immune development within mucosal tissues is under the control of environmental factors during early life. However, the cellular mechanisms that underlie such temporally and regionally restrictive governance of these processes are unclear. Here, we uncover an extrathymic pathway of immune development within the colon that is controlled by embryonic but not bone marrow-derived macrophages, which determines the ability of these organs to receive invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells and allow them to establish local residency. Consequently, early-life perturbations of fetal-derived macrophages result in persistent decreases of mucosal iNKT cells and is associated with later-life susceptibility or resistance to iNKT cell-associated mucosal disorders. These studies uncover a host developmental program orchestrated by ontogenically distinct macrophages that is regulated by microbiota, and they reveal an important postnatal function of macrophages that emerge in fetal life.

| S-EPMC8171892 | biostudies-literature

CD169(+) macrophages present lipid antigens to mediate early activation of iNKT cells in lymph nodes.

Project description:Invariant natural killer T cells (iNKT cells) are involved in the host defense against microbial infection. Although it is known that iNKT cells recognize glycolipids presented by CD1d, how and where they encounter antigen in vivo remains unclear. Here we used multiphoton microscopy to visualize the dynamics and activation of iNKT cells in lymph nodes. After antigen administration, iNKT cells became confined in a CD1d-dependent manner in close proximity to subcapsular sinus CD169(+) macrophages. These macrophages retained, internalized and presented lipid antigen and were required for iNKT cell activation, cytokine production and population expansion. Thus, CD169(+) macrophages can act as true antigen-presenting cells controlling early iNKT cell activation and favoring the fast initiation of immune responses.

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Project description:There is a lot of controversy in the origin and early evolution of life field, but most people agree that at the advent of genetically coded protein synthesis, cells must have had access to ribonucleotides, amino acids, lipids and some sort of energy source. However, the provenance of these materials is a contentious issue - did early life obtain its building blocks prefabricated from the environment, or did it synthesise them from feedstocks such as CO2 and N2? In the first case, synthesis conditions need not have been compatible with life and any kind of reaction network that furnished the building blocks - and not much else - could have provisioned the subsequent origin and early evolution of life. In the second case, synthesis must have been under life-compatible conditions, with the reaction network either along the same lines as extant biology or along different ones. On the basis of experimental evidence, we will argue in favour of prefabrication and against synthesis by life in its nascent state, especially synthesis that resembles extant biosynthesis, which we suggest would have been well-nigh impossible without biological catalysts.

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