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Topoisomerase 1 activity during mitotic transcription favors the transition from mitosis to G1

ABSTRACT: This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE171134 | GEO | 2021/11/11

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Topoisomerase 1 activity during mitotic transcription favors the transition from mitosis to G1 [SLAM-seq]

Project description:Using SLAM-seq to capture de novo synthesized polyadenylated RNAs, we quantitated changes in nascent RNA expression, as well as in total RNA expression.

2021-11-11 | GSE171133 | GEO

Topoisomerase 1 activity during mitotic transcription favors the transition from mitosis to G1 [ChIP-seq]

Project description:By following chromatin occupancy of RNAPII and TOP1 using ChIP-seq throughout mitosis, we found that TOP1 is required for RNAPII translocation along genes. The stimulation of TOP1 activity through its interaction with RNAPII during elongation, allowed RNAPII clearance from genes in prometaphase and enabled proper chromosomal segregation. Interference with the TOP1-RNAPII interaction or acute depletion of TOP1 at the onset of mitosis impaired RNAPII spiking at promoters, which is necessary for the first pioneering round of transcription during mitotic exit, and triggered defects in the transcriptional program of the post-mitotic cells.

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Topoisomerase 1 activity during mitotic transcription favors the transition from mitosis to G1

Project description:Topoisomerase 1 activity during mitotic transcription favors the transition from mitosis to G1

| PRJNA718529 | ENA

Topoisomerase 1 activity during mitotic transcription favors the transition from mitosis to G1 [ChIP-seq]

Project description:Topoisomerase 1 activity during mitotic transcription favors the transition from mitosis to G1 [ChIP-seq]

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Topoisomerase 1 activity during mitotic transcription favors the transition from mitosis to G1 [SLAM-seq]

Project description:Topoisomerase 1 activity during mitotic transcription favors the transition from mitosis to G1 [SLAM-seq]

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Chromatin structure dynamics during the mitosis-to-G1 phase transition.

Project description:Features of higher-order chromatin organization-such as A/B compartments, topologically associating domains and chromatin loops-are temporarily disrupted during mitosis1,2. Because these structures are thought to influence gene regulation, it is important to understand how they are re-established after mitosis. Here we examine the dynamics of chromosome reorganization by Hi-C after mitosis in highly purified, synchronous mouse erythroid cell populations. We observed rapid establishment of A/B compartments, followed by their gradual intensification and expansion. Contact domains form from the 'bottom up'-smaller subTADs are formed initially, followed by convergence into multi-domain TAD structures. CTCF is partially retained on mitotic chromosomes and immediately resumes full binding in ana/telophase. By contrast, cohesin is completely evicted from mitotic chromosomes and regains focal binding at a slower rate. The formation of CTCF/cohesin co-anchored structural loops follows the kinetics of cohesin positioning. Stripe-shaped contact patterns-anchored by CTCF-grow in length, which is consistent with a loop-extrusion process after mitosis. Interactions between cis-regulatory elements can form rapidly, with rates exceeding those of CTCF/cohesin-anchored contacts. Notably, we identified a group of rapidly emerging transient contacts between cis-regulatory elements in ana/telophase that are dissolved upon G1 entry, co-incident with the establishment of inner boundaries or nearby interfering chromatin loops. We also describe the relationship between transcription reactivation and architectural features. Our findings indicate that distinct but mutually influential forces drive post-mitotic chromatin reconfiguration.

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Hierarchical reactivation of transcription during mitosis-to-G1 transition by Brn2 and Ascl1 in neural stem cells.

Project description:During mitosis, chromatin condensation is accompanied by a global arrest of transcription. Recent studies suggest transcriptional reactivation upon mitotic exit occurs in temporally coordinated waves, but the underlying regulatory principles have yet to be elucidated. In particular, the contribution of sequence-specific transcription factors (TFs) remains poorly understood. Here we report that Brn2, an important regulator of neural stem cell identity, associates with condensed chromatin throughout cell division, as assessed by live-cell imaging of proliferating neural stem cells. In contrast, the neuronal fate determinant Ascl1 dissociates from mitotic chromosomes. ChIP-seq analysis reveals that Brn2 mitotic chromosome binding does not result in sequence-specific interactions prior to mitotic exit, relying mostly on electrostatic forces. Nevertheless, surveying active transcription using single-molecule RNA-FISH against immature transcripts reveals differential reactivation kinetics for key targets of Brn2 and Ascl1, with transcription onset detected in early (anaphase) versus late (early G1) phases, respectively. Moreover, by using a mitotic-specific dominant-negative approach, we show that competing with Brn2 binding during mitotic exit reduces the transcription of its target gene Nestin Our study shows an important role for differential binding of TFs to mitotic chromosomes, governed by their electrostatic properties, in defining the temporal order of transcriptional reactivation during mitosis-to-G1 transition.

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Multiple modes of regulation control dynamic transcription patterns during the mitosis-G1 transition

Project description:Following cell division, genomes must reactivate gene expression patterns that reflect the identity of the cell. Here, we use PRO-seq to examine the mechanisms that reestablish transcription patterns after mitosis. We uncover regulation of the transcription cycle at multiple steps including initiation, promoter-proximal pause positioning and escape, poly-A site cleavage and termination during the mitotic-G1 transition. During mitosis, RNA polymerase activity is retained at initiation sites, albeit shifted in position relative to non-mitotic cells. This activity is strongly linked to maintenance of local chromatin architecture during mitosis and is more predictive of rapid gene reactivation than histone modifications previously associated with bookmarking. These molecular bookmarks, combined with sequence-specific transcription factors, direct expression of select cell growth and cell specific genes during mitosis followed by reactivation of functional gene groups with distinct kinetics after mitosis. This study details how dynamic regulation of transcription at multiple steps contributes to gene expression during the cell cycle.

2022-04-15 | GSE179576 | GEO

A hyperactive transcriptional state marks genome reactivation at the mitosis-G1 transition

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below. Refer to individual Series

2016-06-15 | E-GEOD-83293 | biostudies-arrayexpress

A hyperactive transcriptional state marks genome reactivation at the mitosis-G1 transition

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

2016-06-15 | GSE83293 | GEO