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Polidocanol injury wildtype versus Myd88 KO trachea

ABSTRACT: Nf-kB activity is associated with the key pathological features of chronic respiratory diseases including epithelial remodelling, excess mucous production, and submucosal gland hyperplasia. However, the role of Nf-kB activity in airway epithelial differentiation remains controversial. In the present study we demonstrate that Nf-kB adaptor protein Myd88 deficiency promotes increased airway submucosal gland abundance and abnormal epithelial differentiation in proximal adult airways. Abnormal airway differentiation was not developmentally determined, became exacerbated following acute lung injury, and did not involve altered epithelial proliferation or apoptosis. Instead, we demonstrate that tracheal Myd88 deficiency promotes upregulation of a unique gene expression profile that includes activation of alternate, Myd88-independent Nf-kB signalling. Finally, we show that these effects are not intrinsically maintained in vitro using an air-liquid interface epithelial culture. This finding indicates that Myd88 deficiency promotes adult airway remodelling by regulating non-epithelial, non-cell autonomous Nf-kB activity.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE17268 | GEO | 2011/03/17

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA119123

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:The airway epithelial cell plays a central role in coordinating pulmonary response to injury and inflammation. Here, transforming growth factor-b (TGFb) activates gene expression programs to induce stem cell-like properties, inhibit expression of differentiated epithelial adhesion proteins and express mesenchymal contractile proteins. This process is known as epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT); although much is known about the role of EMT in cellular metastasis in an oncogene-transformed cell, less is known about Type II EMT, that occurring in normal epithelial cells. In this study, we applied next generation sequencing (RNA-seq) in primary human airway epithelial cells to understand the gene program controlling Type II EMT and how cytokine-induced inflammation modifies it. Generalized linear modeling was performed on a two-factor RNA-seq experiment of 6 treatments of telomerase immortalized human small airway epithelial cells (3 replicates). Using a stringent cut-off, we identified 3,478 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in response to EMT. Unbiased transcription factor enrichment analysis identified three clusters of EMT regulators, one including SMADs/TP63 and another NF-kB/RelA. Surprisingly, we also observed 527 of the EMT DEGs were also regulated by the TNF-NF-kB/RelA pathway. This Type II EMT program was compared to Type III EMT in TGFb stimulated A549 alveolar lung cancer cells, revealing significant functional differences. Moreover, we observe that Type II EMT modifies the outcome of the TNF program, reducing IFN signaling and enhancing integrin signaling. We confirmed experimentally that TGFb-induced the NF-kB/RelA pathway by observing a 2-fold change in NF-kB/RelA nuclear translocation. A small molecule IKK inhibitor blocked TGFb-induced core transcription factor (SNAIL1, ZEB1 and Twist1) and mesenchymal gene (FN1 and VIM) expression. These data indicate that NF-kB/RelA controls a SMAD-independent gene network whose regulation is required for initiation of Type II EMT. Type II EMT dramatically affects the induction and kinetics of TNF-dependent gene networks.

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Polidocanol injury wildtype versus Myd88 KO trachea

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