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Transcriptomic Drivers of Differentiation, Maturation, and Polyploidy in Human Extravillous Trophoblast

ABSTRACT: This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE173372 | GEO | 2021/08/10

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Transcriptomic Drivers of Differentiation, Maturation, and Polyploidy in Human Extravillous Trophoblast.

Project description:During pregnancy, conceptus-derived extravillous trophoblast (EVT) invades the endomyometrium, anchors the placenta to the maternal uterus, and remodels the spiral arteries in order to establish maternal blood supply to the fetoplacental unit. Recent reports have described early gestation EVT as polyploid and senescent. Here, we extend these reports by performing comprehensive profiling of both the genomic organization and transcriptome of first trimester and term EVT. We define pathways and gene regulatory networks involved in both initial differentiation and maturation of this important trophoblast lineage at the maternal-fetal interface. Our results suggest that like first trimester EVT, term EVT undergoes senescence and endoreduplication, is primarily tetraploid, and lacks high rates of copy number variations. Additionally, we have highlighted senescence and polyploidy-related genes, pathways, networks, and transcription factors that appeared to be important in normal EVT differentiation and maturation and validated a key role for the unfolded protein response in this context.

| S-EPMC8446284 | biostudies-literature

Transcriptomic Drivers of Differentiation, Maturation, and Polyploidy in Human Extravillous Trophoblast [RNA-seq]

Project description:During pregnancy, normal extravillous trophoblast (EVT) invade the endomyometrium of the maternal uterus and remodel the spiral arteries to control blood supply and nutrient transfer. Recent reports have described first trimester EVT as polyploid and senescent. Here we extend these earlier reports by performing comprehensive profiling of the genomic organization and transcriptome of first trimester EVT and term EVT. We define pathways and gene regulatory networks involved in both initial differentiation and maturation of this important trophoblast lineage at the maternal-fetal interface. Our results suggest that like first trimester EVT, term EVT undergo senescence and endoreduplication, are primarily tetraploid, and lack high rates of copy number variations. Additionally, we have highlighted senescence and polyploidy-related genes, pathways, networks, and transcription factors that appeared to be important in normal EVT differentiation and maturation and have validated a critical role for the unfolded protein response in EVT differentiation.

2021-08-11 | GSE173323 | GEO

Transcriptomic Drivers of Differentiation, Maturation, and Polyploidy in Human Extravillous Trophoblast [SNP array]

2021-08-11 | GSE173369 | GEO

Transcriptomic Drivers of Differentiation, Maturation, and Polyploidy in Human Extravillous Trophoblast

Project description:Transcriptomic Drivers of Differentiation, Maturation, and Polyploidy in Human Extravillous Trophoblast

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Transcriptomic Drivers of Differentiation, Maturation, and Polyploidy in Human Extravillous Trophoblast [RNA-seq]

Project description:Transcriptomic Drivers of Differentiation, Maturation, and Polyploidy in Human Extravillous Trophoblast [RNA-seq]

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Transcriptomic Drivers of Differentiation, Maturation, and Polyploidy in Human Extravillous Trophoblast [SNP array]

Project description:Transcriptomic Drivers of Differentiation, Maturation, and Polyploidy in Human Extravillous Trophoblast [SNP array]

| PRJNA725262 | ENA

Defining key transcriptional regulators of extravillous trophoblast differentiation

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

2024-01-16 | GSE212267 | GEO

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition during extravillous trophoblast differentiation.

Project description:A successful pregnancy depends on the intricate and timely interactions of maternal and fetal cells. Placental extravillous cytotrophoblast invasion involves a cellular transition from an epithelial to mesenchymal phenotype. Villous cytotrophoblasts undergo a partial epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) when differentiating into extravillous cytotrophoblasts and gain the capacity to migrate and invade. This review summarizes our current knowledge regarding known regulators of EMT in the human placenta, including the inducers of EMT, upstream transcription factors that control EMT and the downstream effectors, cell adhesion molecules and their differential expression and functions in pregnancy pathologies, preeclampsia (PE) and fetal growth restriction (FGR). The review also describes the research strategies that were used for the identification of the functional role of EMT targets in vitro. A better understanding of molecular pathways driven by placental EMT and further elucidation of signaling pathways underlying the developmental programs may offer novel strategies of targeted therapy for improving feto-placental growth in placental pathologies including PE and FGR.

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NOTUM-MEDIATED WNT SILENCING DRIVES EXTRAVILLOUS TROPHOBLAST CELL LINEAGE DEVELOPMENT

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

2024-03-06 | GSE206036 | GEO

Transcriptomic and functional analyses of 3D placental extravillous trophoblast spheroids.

Project description:Placental extravillous trophoblast (EVT) invasion is essential in establishing proper blood supply to the fetus during pregnancy. However, traditional 2D in vitro systems do not model the in vivo invasion process in an anatomically-relevant manner. Our objectives were to develop a 3D spheroid model that would allow better emulation of placental invasion in vitro and to characterize the transcriptomic and functional outcomes. HTR8/SVneo EVT cells were self-assembled into 3D spheroids using ultra-low attachment plates. Transcriptomic profiling followed by gene set enrichment and gene ontology analyses revealed major global transcriptomic differences, with significant up-regulations in EVTs cultured as 3D spheroids in canonical pathways and biological processes such as immune response, angiogenesis, response to stimulus, wound healing, and others. These findings were further validated by RT-qPCR, showing significant up-regulations in genes and/or proteins related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cell-cell contact, angiogenesis, and invasion/migration. A high-throughput, spheroid invasion assay was applied to reveal the dynamic invasion of EVTs away from the spheroid core into extracellular matrix. Lastly, lipopolysaccharide, dexamethasone, or Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol exposure was found to impact the invasion of EVT spheroids. Altogether, we present a well-characterized, 3D spheroid model of EVT invasion and demonstrate its potential use in drug and toxin screening during pregnancy.

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