Accelerated flexor tendon repair in superhealer mice reflects alterations in TGFB1 regulated expression programs linked to inflammatory, fibrosis and cell cycle control
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE175912 | GEO | 2022/01/04
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Little is understood about the roles of tendon cells during flexor tendon healing. To better understand tendon cell functions, the Scx-Cre mouse was crossed to the DTR mouse model to facilitate scleraxis lineage cell depletion prior to acute flexor tendon injury and repair. WT (cre-) and experimental (cre+) mice underwent complete transection and repair of the flexor digitorum longus tendon. Repaired tendons were harvested at 14 and 28 days post-repair for bulk RNA-Seq analysis to examine possible mechanisms driving differential healing due to Scx lineage cell depletion.
2021-02-08 | GSE156157 | GEO
Project description:Injuries to flexor tendons can be complicated by fibrotic adhesions, which severely impair the function of the hand. Adhesions have been associated with PAI-1, a master suppressor of protease activity including matrix metalloproteinases (MMP). In the present study, we used next generation RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to assess genome-wide differences in mRNA expression due to PAI-1 deficiency after zone II flexor tendon injury. Ingenuity pathway analysis was used to characterize molecular pathways and biological drivers associated with differentially expressed genes. Analysis of hundreds of overlapping and differentially-expressed genes in PAI-1 knockout and C57Bl/6J mice during tendon healing revealed common and distinct biological processes associated with the regulation of matrix organization, cell cycle, and immune response. Most importantly, we identified the activation of PTEN signaling and the inhibition of FOXO1-associated biological processes as a unique transcriptional signature of the healing tendon in the PAI-1 KO mice. The differences in transcriptomics between the two mouse strains are transcriptionally related to complex cross-talk between PI3K/Akt/mTOR, PKC, and MAPK signaling cascades that drive differences in transcriptional regulation of cell proliferation, survival and senescence, and chronic inflammation as potential drivers of fibrotic healing and adhesions in the C57Bl/6J injured tendons. These transcriptional observations should guide future studies to develop an improved understanding of the biological limitations of tendon healing as the basis for rational design of targeted therapeutics for scar-free regenerative healing of tendon.
2019-05-31 | GSE125026 | GEO
Project description:The MRL/MpJ mouse strain is known as a model of mammalian regeneration. The strain exhibits an unusual capacity in regenerative wound healing manifested by scarless ear-hole closure and enhanced regeneration response reported in other organs. A significant feature of the strain is that the adult MRL/MpJ mouse retains several embryonic biochemical characteristics, including increased expression of stem cell markers. As the regenerative response after injury is rather limited in mammals the MRL/MpJ mouse is a great model to study the molecular and cellular basis of scarless wound healing. We report here the analysis of genome-wide transcriptomic profiles in the heart, ear, spleen, liver and bone marrow of the MRL/MpJ mouse. We used gene expression microarray, which interrogates 44.170 of mouse transcripts, in order to identify the genes exhibiting remarkable differences in expression in the MRL/MpJ mouse compared to two reference strains: C57BL/6J and BALB/c. The comparison revealed hundreds of differentially expressed transcripts. Significant enrichments of genes engaged in retinol metabolism, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), wound healing, and homeobox pathways distinguishes the differentially expressed transcripts up-regulated in the MRL/MpJ mouse, whereas the genes related to immune response, including including response to wounding are greatly enriched among those down-regulated. The same functional categories were associated with remarkable parallels between the transcriptomic patterns in murine neonates and the adult MRL/MpJ mouse.
2015-12-30 | GSE64624 | GEO
Project description:Adhesion formation after flexor tendon repair remains a clinical problem. Early postoperative motion after tendon repair has been demonstrated to reduce adhesion formation while increasing tendon strength. It is hypothesized that during mobilization, tendon cells experience mechanical shear forces that alter their biology in a fashion that reduces scar formation but also activates key genes involved in tendon healing. To test this hypothesis, primary intrinsic tenocyte cultures were established from flexor tendons of 20 Sprague-Dawley rats and sheared at 50 rpm (0.41 Pa) using a cone viscometer for 6 and 12 hours. Total RNA was harvested and compared with time-matched unsheared controls using cDNA microarrays and Northern blot analysis. Microarray analysis demonstrated that mechanical shear stress induced an overall "antifibrotic" expression pattern with decreased transcription of collagen type I and collagen type III. Shear stress down-regulated profibrotic molecules in the platelet-derived growth factor, insulin-like growth factor, and fibroblast growth factor signaling pathways. In addition, shear stress induced an overall decrease in transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta signaling pathway molecules with down-regulation of TGF-beta2, TGF-beta3, TGF-RI, and TGF-RII expression. Moreover, sheared tendon cells increased expression of matrix metalloproteinases and decreased expression of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase, an expression pattern consistent with an antifibrotic increase in extracellular matrix degradation. However, up-regulation of genes implicated in tendon healing, specifically, vascular endothelial growth factor-A and several bone morphogenetic proteins. Interestingly, the known mechanoresponsive gene, TGF-beta1, also implicated in tendon healing, was differentially up-regulated by shear stress. Northern blot validation of our results for TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2, TGF-beta3, and collagen type I demonstrated direct correlation with microarray data.
2005-11-09 | E-SMDB-3543 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Spatial transcriptomic analysis of murine FDL tendons following acute injury and repair to evaluate spatiotemporal programming of tendon healing
2022-10-25 | GSE216214 | GEO
Project description:Adhesion formation after flexor tendon repair remains a clinical problem. Early postoperative motion after tendon repair has been demonstrated to reduce adhesion formation while increasing tendon strength. It is hypothesized that during mobilization, tendon cells experience mechanical shear forces that alter their biology in a fashion that reduces scar formation but also activates key genes involved in tendon healing. To test this hypothesis, primary intrinsic tenocyte cultures were established from flexor tendons of 20 Sprague-Dawley rats and sheared at 50 rpm (0.41 Pa) using a cone viscometer for 6 and 12 hours. Total RNA was harvested and compared with time-matched unsheared controls using cDNA microarrays and Northern blot analysis. Microarray analysis demonstrated that mechanical shear stress induced an overall "antifibrotic" expression pattern with decreased transcription of collagen type I and collagen type III. Shear stress down-regulated profibrotic molecules in the platelet-derived growth factor, insulin-like growth factor, and fibroblast growth factor signaling pathways. In addition, shear stress induced an overall decrease in transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta signaling pathway molecules with down-regulation of TGF-beta2, TGF-beta3, TGF-RI, and TGF-RII expression. Moreover, sheared tendon cells increased expression of matrix metalloproteinases and decreased expression of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase, an expression pattern consistent with an antifibrotic increase in extracellular matrix degradation. However, up-regulation of genes implicated in tendon healing, specifically, vascular endothelial growth factor-A and several bone morphogenetic proteins. Interestingly, the known mechanoresponsive gene, TGF-beta1, also implicated in tendon healing, was differentially up-regulated by shear stress. Northern blot validation of our results for TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2, TGF-beta3, and collagen type I demonstrated direct correlation with microarray data. Groups of assays that are related as part of a time series. Computed
2006-01-27 | E-GEOD-4096 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Due to the limited capacity of mammals to regenerate complex tissues, researchers have worked to understand the mechanisms of tissue regeneration in organisms that maintain that capacity. One example is the MRL/MpJ mouse strain with unique regenerative capacity in ear pinnae that is absent from other strains, such as the common C57BL/6 strain. The MRL/MpJ mouse has also been associated with an autoimmune phenotype even in the absence of the mutant Fas gene described in its parent strain MRL/lpr. Due to these findings, we evaluated the differences between the responses of MRL/MpJ versus C57BL/6 strain in volumetric muscle injury and subsequent material implantation. One salient feature of the MRL/MpJ response to injury was robust adipogenesis within the muscle. This was associated with a decrease in M2-like polarization in response to biologically derived extracellular matrix scaffolds. In pro-fibrotic materials, such as polyethylene, there were fewer foreign body giant cells in the MRL/MpJ mice. As there are reports of both positive and negative influences of adipose tissue and adipogenesis on wound healing, this model could provide an important lens to investigate the interplay between stem cells, adipose tissue, and immune responses in trauma and material implantation.
2024-01-08 | GSE252436 | GEO
Project description:Aged tendons have disrupted homeostasis, increased injury risk, and impaired healing capacity. Understanding mechanisms of homeostatic disruption is crucial for developing therapeutics to retain tendon health through the lifespan. Here, we developed a novel model of accelerated tendon extracellular matrix (ECM) aging via depletion of Scleraxis-lineage (ScxLin) cells in young mice (DTR). DTR recapitulates many aspects of tendon aging including comparable declines in cellularity, alterations in ECM structure, organization, and composition. Single cell RNA-sequencing demonstrated a conserved decline in tenocytes associated with ECM biosynthesis in aged and DTR tendons, identifying the requirement for ScxLin cells during homeostasis. However, the remaining cells in aged and DTR tendons demonstrate functional divergence. Aged tenocytes become pro-inflammatory and lose proteostasis. In contrast, DTR tenocytes demonstrate enhanced remodeling capacity. Collectively, this study defines DTR a novel model of accelerated tendon ECM aging and identifies novel biological intervention points to maintain tendon function through the lifespan.
2023-02-03 | PXD037230 | Pride
Project description:Adhesion formation after flexor tendon repair remains a clinical problem. Early postoperative motion after tendon repair has been demonstrated to reduce adhesion formation while increasing tendon strength. It is hypothesized that during mobilization, tendon cells experience mechanical shear forces that alter their biology in a fashion that reduces scar formation but also activates key genes involved in tendon healing. To test this hypothesis, primary intrinsic tenocyte cultures were established from flexor tendons of 20 Sprague-Dawley rats and sheared at 50 rpm (0.41 Pa) using a cone viscometer for 6 and 12 hours. Total RNA was harvested and compared with time-matched unsheared controls using cDNA microarrays and Northern blot analysis. Microarray analysis demonstrated that mechanical shear stress induced an overall "antifibrotic" expression pattern with decreased transcription of collagen type I and collagen type III. Shear stress down-regulated profibrotic molecules in the platelet-derived growth factor, insulin-like growth factor, and fibroblast growth factor signaling pathways. In addition, shear stress induced an overall decrease in transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta signaling pathway molecules with down-regulation of TGF-beta2, TGF-beta3, TGF-RI, and TGF-RII expression. Moreover, sheared tendon cells increased expression of matrix metalloproteinases and decreased expression of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase, an expression pattern consistent with an antifibrotic increase in extracellular matrix degradation. However, up-regulation of genes implicated in tendon healing, specifically, vascular endothelial growth factor-A and several bone morphogenetic proteins. Interestingly, the known mechanoresponsive gene, TGF-beta1, also implicated in tendon healing, was differentially up-regulated by shear stress. Northern blot validation of our results for TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2, TGF-beta3, and collagen type I demonstrated direct correlation with microarray data. Groups of assays that are related as part of a time series. Keywords: time_series_design
2006-01-28 | GSE4096 | GEO
Project description:Tendons, which transmit force from muscles to bones, are highly prone to injury. Understanding the mechanisms driving tendon fate would impact efforts to improve tendon healing, yet this knowledge is limited. To find direct regulators of tendon progenitor emergence, we performed a zebrafish high-throughput chemical screen. We established Forskolin as a tenogenic inducer across vertebrates, functioning through Creb1a, which is required and sufficient for tendon fate. Putative enhancers containing cAMP response elements (CRE) in human, mouse and fish, drove specific expression in zebrafish cranial and fin tendons. Analysis of these genomic regions identified motifs for Ebf/EBF transcription factors. Mutation of CRE or Ebf/EBF motifs significantly disrupted enhancer activity and specificity in tendons. Zebrafish ebf1a/ebf3a mutants displayed defects in tendon formation. Notably, Creb1a/CREB1 and Ebf1a/Ebf3a/EBF1 overexpression facilitated tenogenic induction in zebrafish and human pluripotent stem cells. Together, our work reveals functional conservation of two novel transcription factors in promoting tendon fate.
2024-06-13 | GSE252165 | GEO