Copy number variation and expression of exportin-4 associates with severity of fibrosis in metabolic associated fatty liver disease
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE180010 | GEO | 2021/07/16
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:BackgroundLiver fibrosis risk is a heritable trait, the outcome of which is the net deposition of extracellular matrix by hepatic stellate cell-derived myofibroblasts. Whereas nucleotide sequence variations have been extensively studied in liver fibrosis, the role of copy number variations (CNV) in which genes exist in abnormal numbers of copies (mostly due to duplication or deletion) has had limited exploration.MethodsThe impact of the XPO4 CNV on histological liver damage was examined in a cohort comprised 646 Caucasian patients with biopsy-proven MAFLD and 170 healthy controls. XPO4 expression was modulated and function was examined in human and animal models.FindingsHere we demonstrate in a cohort of 816 subjects, 646 with biopsy-proven metabolic associated liver disease (MAFLD) and 170 controls, that duplication in the exportin 4 (XPO4) CNV is associated with the severity of liver fibrosis. Functionally, this occurs via reduced expression of hepatic XPO4 that maintains sustained activation of SMAD3/SMAD4 and promotes TGF-β1-mediated HSC activation and fibrosis. This effect was mediated through termination of nuclear SMAD3 signalling. XPO4 demonstrated preferential binding to SMAD3 compared to other SMADs and led to reduced SMAD3-mediated responses as shown by attenuation of TGFβ1 induced SMAD transcriptional activity, reductions in the recruitment of SMAD3 to target gene promoters following TGF-β1, as well as attenuation of SMAD3 phosphorylation and disturbed SMAD3/SMAD4 complex formation.InterpretationWe conclude that a CNV in XPO4 is a critical mediator of fibrosis severity and can be exploited as a therapeutic target for liver fibrosis.FundingME and JG are supported by the Robert W. Storr Bequest to the Sydney Medical Foundation, University of Sydney; a National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (NHMRC) Program Grant (APP1053206) and Project and ideas grants (APP2001692, APP1107178 and APP1108422). AB is supported by an Australian Government Research Training Program (RTP) scholarship. EB is supported by Horizon 2020 under grant 634413 for the project EPoS.
| S-EPMC8365315 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Copy number variation and expression of exportin-4 associates with severity of fibrosis in metabolic associated fatty liver disease
| PRJNA746273 | ENA
Project description:To analyze the effect of Exportin-5 expression on the MEF cells in cell cycle re-entry phase, we have employed whole genome microarray expression profiling on the MEF cells in cell cycle re-entry phase with and without down regulation of Exportin-5 gene. Mouse MEF cells were transfected with 60nM of siRNA targeting either Exportin-5 or negative control, and incubated for 12 hours. After incubation, cells were starved with DMEM containing 0.2% FCS for 48 hours and re-fed with DMEM containing 20%FCS for 24 hours, along with second siRNA transfection. Two independant expreiments were preformed.
2013-01-01 | E-GEOD-25498 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:We evaluated the role of TTF-1/NKX2-1 on Smad3 and Smad4 binding in lung cancer cell lines. Smad3 binding sites in A549 cells and Smad3, Smad4, and TTF-1/NKX2-1 binding sites in H441 cells were determined by ChIP-seq.
2014-07-27 | E-GEOD-51509 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:In lung and prostate adenocarcinomas, neuroendocrine (NE) transformation to an aggressive derivative resembling small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is associated with poor prognosis. We previously described dependency of SCLC on the nuclear transporter exportin 1. Here we explored the role of exportin 1 in NE transformation. We observed upregulated exportin 1 in lung and prostate pre-transformation adenocarcinomas. Exportin 1 was induced upregulated following genetic inactivation of TP53 and RB1 in lung and prostate adenocarcinoma cell lines, accompanied by increased sensitivity to the exportin 1 inhibitor selinexor in vitro. Exportin 1 inhibition prevented NE transformation and extended response to targeted therapies in both lung anddifferent TP53/RB1-inactivated prostate adenocarcinoma xenograft models that acquire NE features upon treatment with the AR inhibitor enzalutamide, and extended response to the EGFR inhibitor osimertinib in a lung cancer transformation patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model exhibiting combined adenocarcinoma/SCLC histology. Ectopic SOX2 expression restored the enzalutamide-promoted NE transformationNE phenotype on adenocarcinoma-to-NE transformation xenograft models despite selinexor treatment. Selinexor sensitized NE-transformed lung and prostate small cell carcinoma PDXs tumors after NE transformation to standard cytotoxics. Together these data nominate exportin 1 inhibition as a novel potential therapeutic approach target to constrain lineage plasticity and prevent or treat NE transformation in lung and prostate adenocarcinoma.
2023-07-12 | GSE237072 | GEO
Project description:In lung and prostate adenocarcinomas, neuroendocrine (NE) transformation to an aggressive derivative resembling small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is associated with poor prognosis. We previously described dependency of SCLC on the nuclear transporter exportin 1. Here we explored the role of exportin 1 in NE transformation. We observed upregulated exportin 1 in lung and prostate pre-transformation adenocarcinomas. Exportin 1 was induced upregulated following genetic inactivation of TP53 and RB1 in lung and prostate adenocarcinoma cell lines, accompanied by increased sensitivity to the exportin 1 inhibitor selinexor in vitro. Exportin 1 inhibition prevented NE transformation and extended response to targeted therapies in both lung anddifferent TP53/RB1-inactivated prostate adenocarcinoma xenograft models that acquire NE features upon treatment with the AR inhibitor enzalutamide, and extended response to the EGFR inhibitor osimertinib in a lung cancer transformation patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model exhibiting combined adenocarcinoma/SCLC histology. Ectopic SOX2 expression restored the enzalutamide-promoted NE transformationNE phenotype on adenocarcinoma-to-NE transformation xenograft models despite selinexor treatment. Selinexor sensitized NE-transformed lung and prostate small cell carcinoma PDXs tumors after NE transformation to standard cytotoxics. Together these data nominate exportin 1 inhibition as a novel potential therapeutic approach target to constrain lineage plasticity and prevent or treat NE transformation in lung and prostate adenocarcinoma.
2023-07-12 | GSE237071 | GEO
Project description:To analyze the effect of Exportin-5 expression on the MEF cells in cell cycle re-entry phase, we have employed whole genome microarray expression profiling on the MEF cells in cell cycle re-entry phase with and without down regulation of Exportin-5 gene.
2013-01-01 | GSE25498 | GEO
Project description:A recent genome-wide copy number (CNV) scan identified a 13q12.11 duplication in the exportin-4 (XPO4) gene to be associated with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). We sought to confirm the finding in a larger cohort and to assess the serum XPO4 pattern in a broad spectrum of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) cases. We analysed 249 NAFLD patients and 232 matched controls using TaqMan assay and serum XPO4 was measured. Copy number distribution was as follows: copy number neutral (NAFLD: 53.8%, controls: 68.6%), copy number losses (NAFLD: 13.3%, controls: 12.9%), copy number gains (NAFLD: 32.9%, controls: 18.5%). CNV gain was significantly associated with a greater risk of NAFLD (adjusted OR 2.22, 95% CI 1.42-3.46, P = 0.0004) and NASH (adjusted OR 2.33, 95% CI 1.47-3.68, P = 0.0003). Interestingly, subjects carrying extra copy number showed significantly higher serum ALT and triglyceride (P < 0.05). Serum XPO4 levels progressively declined (P = 0.043) from controls (24.6 ng/mL) to simple steatosis (20.8 ng/mL) to NASH (13.8 ng/mL). In conclusion, XPO4 CNV duplication was associated with histological severity of NAFLD, and accompanied by changes in serum XPO4 levels providing insights into NAFLD pathogenesis, and has the potential for biomarker development.
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Project description:Aberrant expression of nuclear transporters and altered subcellular localization of their cargo proteins are increasingly recognized as drivers and therapeutic targets of cancer. Here, we report that exportin-6, a nuclear exporter specific for actin/profilin-1, is upregulated in a broad range of cancers and associated with poor prognosis. Exportin-6 loss triggers antitumor effects in breast cancer cells in a profilin-1-dependent fashion. Nuclear profilin-1 interacts with the Super Elongation Complex (SEC), a positive transcriptional regulator of pro-cancer genes including MYC. Exportin-6 loss, by increasing nuclear profilin-1, inhibits SEC-dependent transcription and sensitizes breast cancer cells to inhibition of BET domain proteins. Thus, exportin-6 upregulation is a previously unrecognized cancer addiction that reduces the transcriptional inhibitory and anticancer activities of nuclear profilin-1.
2021-04-07 | GSE144372 | GEO
Project description:To dissected the roles of SMAD2/3 and SMAD4 in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESC), knockouts of SMAD2/3 (SMAD2 and SMAD3 double knockout, S2/3DKO) and SMAD4 (SMAD4 knockout, S4KO) were used to conduct RNAseq in ES and EB conditions.
2024-10-21 | GSE240785 | GEO