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Small intestinal immune cell distributions and transcriptomes in mice lacking H2-Ab1 on intestinal epithelial cells.

ABSTRACT: Intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) express large amounts of major histocompatibility complex II (MHCII) molecules. Despite this long-appreciated observation, the function of epithelial MHCII-mediated signaling on gut homeostasis remains enigmatic. As IECs serve as the primary cellular barrier between intestinal microbes and underlying host immune cells, we reasoned that IEC-intrinsic antigen presentation may play a role in tolerogenic responses towards the microbiota. Mice with an IEC-intrinsic defect in MHCII expression (IECΔMHCII) develop elevated T cell-dependent IgA responses, but a reduction in microbiota responsive regulatory T cells (Tregs). Despite elevated IgA levels in IECΔMHCII mice, immunoglobulin repertoires exhibit less selection and IgA has reduced reactivity to the microbiota, which is associated with increased inter-individual variability in microbiota composition. Consistent with reductions in microbiota-responsive Tregs, IECΔMHCII mice develop worsened colitis. A striking difference observed in the absence of IEC-MHCII is that while transcription of MHCII is similar, underlying mononuclear phagocytes had reduced surface MHCII. Macrophages were found to be capable of acquiring MHCII molecules from IECs, and macrophages isolated from IECΔMHCII mice had decreased capacity to stimulate Treg development. Thus, epithelial-myeloid interactions govern development of adaptive responses to microbial antigens within the gastrointestinal tract.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE183710 | GEO | 2021/09/09

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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