Transcriptome analysis of HLA-DR(+) HSPCs and HLA-DR(-) HSPCs in aplastic anemia patients
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE183768 | GEO | 2022/05/31
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Transcriptome analysis of HLA-DR(+) HSPCs and HLA-DR(-) HSPCs in aplastic anemia patients
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Project description:Autoimmune diseases are often associated with HLA molecules. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a prototypical example with the HLA-DR15 haplotype as strongest genetic factor. How it contributes to MS is not clear, but key to understand this and other autoimmune diseases. Autoreactive CD4+ T cells and proinflammatory B cells are central pathogenetic factors, and since HLA-DR molecules present peptides to CD4+ T cells, we characterized the peptidomes of the two HLA-DR15 allomorphs DR2a and DR2b on B cells. Self-peptides from HLA-DR α- and β-chains themselves are abundantly presented on B cells. We identified autoreactive CD4+ T cell clones, which recognize HLA-DR-derived self-peptides and peptides from the MS-related infectious agents EBV and Akkermansia and the autoantigen RAS guanyl-releasing protein 2. Our data demonstrate how the two MS-associated HLA-DR15 allomorphs function as antigen-presenting structures and source of peptides during peripheral maintenance of autoreactive T cells and activation by MS-associated pathogens.
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Project description:Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) is a heterogeneous population of cells that can negatively regulate T-cell function. As opposed to murine MDSC, which are characterized as Gr-1+CD11b+ cells, human MDSC are not so clearly defined due to lack of specific markers. Our lab has previously identified a new subset of MDSC as CD14+HLA-DR-neg/low cells from PBMC. CD14+HLA-DR-neg/low MDSC not only suppress proliferation and IFN-gamma secretion of autologous T cells, but also induce CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells that are suppressive in vitro, whereas the counterpart CD14+HLA-DR-high monocytes don’t have the effect. In this study, we compare the immune-related gene expression between CD14+HLA-DR-neg/low MDSC and CD14+HLA-DR-high monocytes to better characterize the difference between these two populations and to find new potential specific marker for human MDSC. PBMC were isolated from fresh blood healthy donor by density centrifugation. CD14+ cells were isolated by AutoMACS CD14 microbeads using a AutoMACS (Miltenyi), and then stained with CD14 and HLA-DR antibodies. MDSC and monocytes control cells were sorted as CD14+ HLA-DR-neg/low and CD14+HLA-DR-high cells respectively. The sorted two populations were immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and shipped to the company on dry ice for RNA isolation and further microarray.
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Project description:Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) is a heterogeneous population of cells that can negatively regulate T-cell function. As opposed to murine MDSC, which are characterized as Gr-1+CD11b+ cells, human MDSC are not so clearly defined due to lack of specific markers. Our lab has previously identified a new subset of MDSC as CD14+HLA-DR-neg/low cells from PBMC. CD14+HLA-DR-neg/low MDSC not only suppress proliferation and IFN-gamma secretion of autologous T cells, but also induce CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells that are suppressive in vitro, whereas the counterpart CD14+HLA-DR-high monocytes don’t have the effect. In this study, we compare the immune-related gene expression between CD14+HLA-DR-neg/low MDSC and CD14+HLA-DR-high monocytes to better characterize the difference between these two populations and to find new potential specific marker for human MDSC.
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Project description:Immune aplastic anemia (AA) is a life-threatening bone marrow (BM) failure disorder driven by an autoimmune T cell attack against the hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). However, the autoantigen targets and the role of other immune cells are unknown. Here, by combining scRNA+TCRαβ-seq, TCRβ-seq, flow cytometry and plasma cytokine profiling of >250 patients with AA, >250 patients with other hematological disorders and >1,000 healthy controls, we identify NK cells and CD8+ TEMRA cells expressing NK receptors with AA-associated TCRB-seq motifs as the most dysregulated immune cell populations in AA BM. Functional co-culture experiments with scRNA-TCRαβ-seq readout utilizing primary HSPCs and immune cells (in total 55 conditions) provide evidence that NK cells alone cannot kill HSPCs, but sensitize them to CD8+ T cell mediated killing. Furthermore, HSPCs induce strong activation of T cell clones with CD8+ TEMRA NK-like phenotype and AA-associated TCR motifs. To conclude, our results reveal convergent evolution of innate and adaptive immune cells in AA, where NK cells support CD8+ T cell mediated autoimmunity.
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Project description:Immune aplastic anemia (AA) is a life-threatening bone marrow (BM) failure disorder driven by an autoimmune T cell attack against the hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). However, the autoantigen targets and the role of other immune cells are unknown. Here, by combining scRNA+TCRαβ-seq, TCRβ-seq, flow cytometry and plasma cytokine profiling of >250 patients with AA, >250 patients with other hematological disorders and >1,000 healthy controls, we identify NK cells and CD8+ TEMRA cells expressing NK receptors with AA-associated TCRB-seq motifs as the most dysregulated immune cell populations in AA BM. Functional co-culture experiments with scRNA-TCRαβ-seq readout utilizing primary HSPCs and immune cells (in total 55 conditions) provide evidence that NK cells alone cannot kill HSPCs, but sensitize them to CD8+ T cell mediated killing. Furthermore, HSPCs induce strong activation of T cell clones with CD8+ TEMRA NK-like phenotype and AA-associated TCR motifs. To conclude, our results reveal convergent evolution of innate and adaptive immune cells in AA, where NK cells support CD8+ T cell mediated autoimmunity.
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Project description:Comprehensive analysis of the complex nature of the Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) class II ligandome is of utmost importance to understand the basis for CD4+ T cell mediated immunity and tolerance. Here, we implemented important improvements in the analysis of the repertoire of HLA-DR-presented peptides, using hybrid mass spectrometry-based peptide fragmentation techniques on a ligandome sample isolated from matured human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DC). The reported data set constitutes nearly 14 thousand unique high-confident peptides, i.e. the largest single inventory of human DC derived HLA-DR ligands to date. From a technical viewpoint the most prominent finding is that no single peptide fragmentation technique could elucidate the majority of HLA-DR ligands, due to the wide range of physical chemical properties displayed by the HLA-DR ligandome. Our in-depth profiling allowed us to reveal a strikingly modest correlation between the abundance levels of surface-presented peptides and the cellular expression of their source proteins. Important selective sieving from the sampled proteome to the ligandome, was evidenced by specificity in the sequences of the core regions both at their N- and C- termini, hence not only reflecting binding motifs but also dominant protease activity associated to the endolysosomal compartments. Moreover, we demonstrate that the HLA-DR ligandome reflects a surface representation of cell-compartments specific for biological events linked to the maturation of monocytes into antigen presenting cells. Our results present new perspectives into the complex nature of the HLA class II system and will aid future immunological studies in characterizing the full breadth of potential CD4+ T cell epitopes relevant in health and disease.
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Project description:HLA-DR15 is a haplotype associated with multiple sclerosis. It contains the two DRB* genes DRB1*1501 (DR2b) and DRB5*0101 (DR2a). The reported anchor motif of the corresponding HLA-DR molecules was determined years ago based on a small number of peptide ligands and binding assays. DR2a could display a set of peptides complementary to that presented by DR2b or, alternatively, a similar peptide repertoire but recognized in a different manner by T cells. It is known that DR2a and DR2b share some peptide ligands, although the degree of similarity of their associated peptidomes remains unclear. In addition, the contribution of each molecule to the global peptide repertoire presented by the HLA-DR15 haplotype has not been evaluated. We used mass spectrometry to analyze the peptide pools bound to DR2a and DR2b, identifying 169 and 555 unique peptide ligands of DR2a and DR2b, respectively. The analysis of these sets of peptides allowed the refinement of the corresponding binding motifs revealing novel anchor residues that had been overlooked in previous analyses. Moreover, the number of shared ligands between both molecules was low, indicating that DR2a and DR2b present complementary peptide repertoires to T cells. Finally, our analysis suggests that, quantitatively, both molecules contribute to the peptide repertoire presented by cells expressing the HLA-DR15 haplotype.
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